eLife reviews preprints in the life sciences and medicine.

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  1. Lactylation of Influenza Virus Polymerase Acidic Protein Promotes Viral Replication and Pathogenicity

    1. Shaoyu Tu
    2. Yue Du
    3. Wei Liang
    4. Xiaoyi Xu
    5. Jiahui Zou
    6. Yuchao Yang
    7. Chuhan Xiong
    8. Yanglin Li
    9. Meijun Jiang
    10. Aotian Ouyang
    11. Tong Chen
    12. Meilin Jin
    13. Huanchun Chen
    14. Hongbo Zhou

    • Curated by eLife

      eLife Assessment

      This valuable study reveals a role for lactylation in influenza polymerase function and virus replication. The evidence supporting the claims is solid, although the direct involvement of ATAT1 and SIRT1 in this modification and the functional relevance of the identified sites can be further substantiated. These findings will appeal broadly to influenza virologists studying polymerase regulation, as well as researchers investigating the functional roles of lactylation.

    Reviewed by eLife

    4 evaluationsAppears in 1 listLatest version Latest activity

  2. Mosaic evolution of avian brain compartments revealed by comparative MRI

    1. Yuki Kawabe
    2. Tomokazu Tsurugizawa
    3. Chiaki Ohtaka-Maruyama
    4. Takuma Kumamoto

    • Curated by eLife

      eLife Assessment

      The main contribution of this potentially useful manuscript is a standardized comparative MRI resource covering multiple avian clades, complemented by histological cross-validation and diffusion-based connectivity analyses. Such a resource could significantly enhance accessibility to internal avian brain anatomy for evolutionary neurobiology. Its central claim that avian brain compartments exhibit modular diversification aligns with the existing literature. However, uncertainties regarding data availability, concerns with the tractography pipeline, and insufficient recognition of prior work lead to the conclusion that the methods, data, and analyses are incomplete.

    Reviewed by eLife

    4 evaluationsAppears in 1 listLatest version Latest activity

  3. An Itch Receptor Drives Melanoma

    1. Naina Gour
    2. Aishwarya Atakkatan
    3. Moloud Akbarzadeh
    4. Hwan Mee Yong
    5. Aishwarya Magesh
    6. Zhiping Wu
    7. Hyunkeun Joo
    8. Yash Chhabra
    9. Junmin Peng
    10. Ashani Weeraratna
    11. Mathieu Laplante
    12. Stephane Lajoie
    13. Xinzhong Dong

    • Curated by eLife

      eLife Assessment

      This work has much novelty, supportive data, and the potential for changing thinking about melanoma biology with the discovery of MRGPRX4 as a relatively melanoma-specific G protein-coupled receptor. MRGPRX4 is normally restricted to peripheral sensory neurons, but it is aberrantly expressed in human melanomas; melanomas with neural-crest-like/invasive features were most likely affected. When ectopically expressed in murine melanocytes, MRGPRX4 drives melanoma development with metastasis; the mechanism appears to involve ligand-independent receptor signaling. Overall, the text presents this as a novel model of oncogenesis driven by re-expression of a sensory GPCR - this is an important study with compelling data.

    Reviewed by eLife

    4 evaluationsAppears in 1 listLatest version Latest activity

  4. Predicting dynamic expression patterns in budding yeast with a fungal DNA language model

    1. Kuan-Hao Chao
    2. Majed Mohamed Magzoub
    3. Emily Stoops
    4. Sean Hackett
    5. Johannes Linder
    6. David R. Kelley

    • Curated by eLife

      eLife Assessment

      This important study shows that self-supervised pretraining on related fungal genomes can substantially improve sequence-to-expression prediction in budding yeast. The evidence for the main conclusion is convincing, with careful comparisons to models trained from random initialization and clear gains on held-out expression data. The broader claims about the optimal evolutionary scope and transfer of regulatory grammar are less fully supported.

    Reviewed by eLife

    3 evaluationsAppears in 1 listLatest version Latest activity

  5. Novel but stable endosymbionts have contrasting effects on aphid dispersal and plant feeding damage in the cereal pest Diuraphis noxia

    1. Xinyue Gu
    2. Alex Gill
    3. Qiong Yang
    4. Perran A. Ross
    5. Lucy Hayward
    6. Monica Stelmach
    7. Paul A. Umina
    8. Sheik Nadeem Elahee Doomun
    9. Mel Berran
    10. Lauren Coakley
    11. Sonia Sharma
    12. Ary A. Hoffmann

    • Curated by eLife

      eLife Assessment

      This important study investigates how experimentally introducing two facultative bacterial endosymbionts into the Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia, affects aphid performance, dispersal, and damage to cereal host plants. The authors provide solid evidence that the two symbionts can generate contrasting phenotypes: Rickettsiella increases plant damage while reducing wing formation and dispersal, whereas Regiella reduces aphid population growth and feeding damage. The successful establishment and stable transmission of these novel symbiont-host associations, combined with experiments spanning individual, whole-plant, population and mesocosm scales, are notable strengths of the work; however, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain unresolved, evidence for horizontal transmission is indirect, and some population-level conclusions rely on relatively small sample sizes or effects that are not consistently detected across time points, and therefore the potential application of these findings to pest management remains promising but speculative. The study will be of broad interest to researchers working on insect symbiosis, plant-insect interactions, and biologically based approaches to pest management.

    Reviewed by eLife

    4 evaluationsAppears in 1 listLatest version Latest activity

  6. IFN γ and IFN γ mimetics prevent IFN-I-mediated TB susceptibility by regulating iron metabolism and lipid peroxidation

    1. Prasanna Babu Araveti
    2. Shivraj M. Yabaji
    3. Muhammad Zainul Arifin
    4. Suruchi Lata
    5. Yuriy O. Alekseyev
    6. Alexander A. Gimelbrant
    7. William R. Bishai
    8. Vadim Zhernovkov
    9. Oleksii S. Rukhlenko
    10. Boris N. Kholodenko
    11. Igor Kramnik

    • Curated by eLife

      eLife Assessment

      Using a range of complementary approaches, this study examines how type I and type II interferon (IFN) programs exert opposing effects on macrophage responses relevant to tuberculosis. The work addresses a key biological question and provides valuable mechanistic insights. However, the data to support several key conclusions is incomplete and requires further strengthening; in particular, the role of ferritin needs to be established more definitively, the TNF stimulation findings should be validated in the context of M. tuberculosis infection, and in vivo evidence is needed to support the proposed therapeutic strategy. Additionally, aspects of iron metabolism, lipid peroxidation, and the translatability of the findings between mouse and human macrophages would benefit from greater clarity and deeper mechanistic investigation.

    Reviewed by eLife

    4 evaluationsAppears in 1 listLatest version Latest activity

  7. Break-induced replication drives large-scale genomic amplifications in cancer cells

    1. Mouadh Benamar
    2. Rebeka Eki
    3. Kang-Ping Du
    4. Tarek Abbas

    • Curated by eLife

      eLife Assessment

      This study presents important findings that genome-wide DNA double-strand breaks trigger large-scale genomic amplification (DIGA), which does not require origin re-licensing, but is dependent on some proteins that are involved in break-induced replication (BIR). While the findings and model are compelling, the evidence supporting the claims is largely incomplete, as it depends primarily on a single assay to examine amplification. This work will be of interest to scientists in the DNA repair, replication, and cell cycle fields, as well as cancer biologists.

    Reviewed by eLife

    4 evaluationsAppears in 1 listLatest version Latest activity
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