Molecular Biology

tRNA synthetase activity is required for stress granule and P-body assembly

1. Max Baymiller
2. Noah S. Helton
3. Benjamin Dodd
4. Stephanie L. Moon

Reviewed by preLights, Life Science Editors Foundation

Nuclear and cytosolic J-domain proteins provide synergistic control of Hsf1 at distinct phases of the heat shock response

1. Carmen Ruger-Herreros
2. Lucia Svoboda
3. Gurranna Male
4. Aseem Shrivastava
5. Markus Höpfler
6. Katharina Jetzinger
7. Jiri Koubek
8. Günter Kramer
9. Fabian den Brave
10. Axel Mogk
11. David S Gross
12. Bernd Bukau

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This valuable study focuses on defining how the HSP70 chaperone system utilizes J-domain proteins to regulate the heat shock response-associated transcription factor HSF1. Using a combination of orthogonal techniques in yeast, this manuscript provides compelling evidence that the J-domain protein Apj1 facilitates attenuation of HSF1 transcriptional activity through a mechanism involving its dissociation from heat shock gene promoter regions. This work improves our understanding of HSF1 regulation and will be of broad interest to cell biologists interested in proteostasis, chaperone networks, and stress-responsive signaling.

Reviewed by eLife

Conserved and Unique Features of Terminal Telomeric Sequences in ALT-Positive Cancer Cells

1. Benura Azeroglu
2. Wei Wu
3. Raphael Pavani
4. Ranjodh Sandhu
5. Tadahiko Matsumoto
6. André Nussenzweig
7. Eros Lazzerini Denchi

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study demonstrates the application of END-seq, originally developed to study genome-wide DNA double-strand breaks, to telomere biology; the work packs a punch, concisely demonstrating the utility of this approach and the new insights that can be gained. The authors confirm that telomeres in telomerase-positive cells terminate with 5'-ATC in a Pot1-dependent manner, and demonstrate that this principle holds true in telomerase-negative ALT cells as well; S1-END-seq is similarly developed for telomeres, showing that ALT cells harbor several regions of ssDNA. The study is well-executed, the new insights are fundamental and compelling, and the optimized END-seq approaches will be widely utilized. The interest of the paper could be heightened by deepening the discussion of potential biases in telomere representation, the origin of the ssDNA captured in ALT cells, and the occurrence of variant telomere repeats in the cell lines studied.

Reviewed by eLife

Metabolic reprogramming by endothelial ANGPTL4 depletion protects against diabetic kidney disease

1. Swayam Prakash Srivastava
2. Han Zhou
3. Rachel Shenoi
4. Myshal Morris
5. Begoña Lainez-Mas
6. Yuta Takagaki
7. Barani Kumar Rajendran
8. Ocean Setia
9. Binod Aryal
10. Keizo Kanasaki
11. Daisuke Koya
12. Ken Inoki
13. Alan Dardik
14. Carlos Fernández-Hernando
15. Gerald I. Shulman
16. Julie E. Goodwin

Reviewed by Life Science Editors Foundation

Venomous Maggots? A first exploration of the toxin arsenal of larval stages of the horse fly Tabanus autumnalis

1. Jonas Krämer
2. Ludwig Dersch
3. Andreas Vilcinskas
4. Tim Lüddecke

Reviewed by Arcadia Science

PDZ-directed substrate recruitment is the primary determinant of specific 4E-BP1 dephosphorylation by PP1-Neurabin

1. Roman O Fedoryshchak
2. Karim El-Bouri
3. Dhira Joshi
4. Stephane Mouilleron
5. Richard Treisman

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important study reports on a basis for neurabin-mediated specification of substrate choice by protein phosphatase-1. The data from the comprehensive approach using structural, biochemical, and computational methods are compelling. This paper is broadly relevant to those investigating various cellular signaling cascades that entail phosphorylation as the main mechanism.

Reviewed by eLife

Structural basis of lipopolysaccharide translocon assembly mediated by the small lipoprotein LptM

1. Ryoji Miyazaki
2. Mai Kimoto
3. Hidetaka Kohga
4. Tomoya Tsukazaki

Reviewed by PREreview

Ribosomal RNA synthesis by RNA polymerase I is regulated by premature termination of transcription

1. Chaïma Azouzi
2. Katrin Schwank
3. Sophie Queille
4. Marta Kwapisz
5. Marion Aguirrebengoa
6. Anthony Henras
7. Simon Lebaron
8. Herbert Tschochner
9. Annick Lesne
10. Frédéric Beckouët
11. Olivier Gadal
12. Christophe Dez

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This manuscript characterizes a mutated clone of RNA polymerase I in yeast, referred to as SuperPol, to understand the mechanisms of RNA polymerase I elongation and termination. The authors present solid evidence that SuperPol has higher processivity during transcription elongation than wild-type RNA polymerase I. Notably, the study provides evidence that the transcriptional pause of RNA polymerase I may be a therapeutic vulnerability in cancers. Overall, the characterization of this RNA pol I is important as it provides insights into the regulation of ribosomal RNA transcription and its potential application in cancer pharmacology.

  [Editors' note: this paper was reviewed by Review Commons.]

Reviewed by eLife, Review Commons

A conserved mechanism for the retrieval of polyubiquitinated proteins from cilia

1. Sven M. Lange
2. Robyn J. Eisert
3. Alan Brown

Reviewed by Arcadia Science

Rapid Raman spectroscopy-based test for antimicrobial resistance

1. Vladimir Mushenkov
2. Ksenia Zhigalova
3. Pavel Denisov
4. Alexey Gordeev
5. Dmitry Lukyanov
6. Vladimir Kukushkin
7. Tatiana Priputnevich
8. Elena Zavyalova

Reviewed by Arcadia Science