Microbiology

A secreted helminth microRNA suppresses gastrointestinal cell differentiation required for innate immunity

1. Matias G. Perez
2. Victoria Gillan
3. William M. Anderson
4. François Gerbe
5. Fabien Herbert
6. Tom N. McNeilly
7. Rick M. Maizels
8. Philippe Jay
9. Eileen Devaney
10. Collette Britton

Reviewed by Arcadia Science

Viro3D: a comprehensive database of virus protein structure predictions

1. Ulad Litvin
2. Spyros Lytras
3. Alexander Jack
4. David L Robertson
5. Joseph Hughes
6. Joe Grove

Reviewed by Arcadia Science

Altering the redox status of Chlamydia trachomatis directly impacts its developmental cycle progression

1. Vandana Singh
2. Scot P Ouellette

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  In this valuable study, the authors propose a model wherein the bacterial redox state plays a crucial role in the differentiation of Chlamydia trachomatis into elementary and reticulate bodies. They provide solid evidence to argue that a highly oxidising environment favours the formation of elementary bodies while a reducing condition slows down development. Overall, the study convincingly demonstrates that Chlamydial redox states play a role in differentiation, an observation that may have implications for the study of other bacterial systems.

Reviewed by eLife

Immunogenicity and safety of a live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate based on multiple attenuation mechanisms

1. Mie Suzuki Okutani
2. Shinya Okamura
3. Tang Gis
4. Hitomi Sasaki
5. Suni Lee
6. Akiho Kashiwabara
7. Simon Goto
8. Mai Matsumoto
9. Mayuko Yamawaki
10. Toshiaki Miyazaki
11. Tatsuya Nakagawa
12. Masahito Ikawa
13. Wataru Kamitani
14. Shiro Takekawa
15. Koichi Yamanishi
16. Hirotaka Ebina

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This is a valuable study on the efficacy of a live attenuated vaccine that was tested in different animal models and the evidence is convincing. The study has been strengthened after revisions.

Reviewed by eLife

Maintenance of cell wall remodeling and vesicle production are connected in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

1. Vivian C Salgueiro-Toledo
2. Jorge Bertol
3. Claude Gutierrez
4. Jose L Serrano-Mestre
5. Noelia Ferrer-Luzon
6. Lucia Vázquez-Iniesta
7. Ainhoa Palacios
8. Laia Pasquina-Lemonche
9. Akbar Espaillat
10. Laura Lerma
11. Brian Weinrick
12. Jose L Lavin
13. Felix Elortza
14. Mikel Azkargorta
15. Alicia Prieto
16. Pilar Buendía-Nacarino
17. Jose L Luque-García
18. Olivier Neyrolles
19. Felipe Cava
20. Jamie K Hobbs
21. Joaquín Sanz
22. Rafael Prados-Rosales

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  In this important study, the authors investigate the biogenesis of extracellular vesicles in mycobacteria and provide several observations to link VirR with vesiculogenesis, peptidoglycan metabolism, lipid metabolism, and cell wall permeability. The authors have done a commendable job of comprehensively examining the phenotypes associated with the VirR mutant using various techniques. The evidence presented in the revised manuscript is convincing and creates several avenues for further research.

Reviewed by eLife

DDX3 Regulates the Cap‐Independent Translation of the Japanese Encephalitis Virus via Its Interactions with PABP1 and the Untranslated Regions of the Viral Genome

1. Chenxi Li
2. Linjie Zhang
3. Chenyang Tang
4. Xuan Chen
5. Jing Shi
6. Qingyu Li
7. Xue Jiao
8. Jinyao Guo
9. Bin Wang
10. Kefan Bu
11. Abdul Wahaab
12. Yuguo Yuan
13. Ming‐an Sun
14. Yanhua Li

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This work is a valuable study that presents a detailed analysis of translation, driven by the untranslated regions of the Japanese encephalitis virus. It reports a role for the RNA helicase DDX3 in promoting a cap-independent translation mechanism. The conclusions are based on generally solid evidence, although there are some weaknesses in the overall model based on suboptimal experimental approaches and over-interpretation of some of the data. Addressing deficiencies noted in peer review could elevate the impact of the study.

Reviewed by eLife

Surface-mediated bacteriophage defense incurs fitness tradeoffs for interbacterial antagonism

1. Chia-En Tsai
2. Feng-Qi Wang
3. Chih-Wen Yang
4. Ling-Li Yang
5. Thao VP Nguyen
6. Yung-Chih Chen
7. Po-Yin Chen
8. Ing-Shouh Hwang
9. See-Yeun Ting

Reviewed by Review Commons

Organ structure and bacterial microbiogeography in a reproductive organ of the Hawaiian bobtail squid reveal dimensions of a defensive symbiosis

1. Derrick L. Kamp
2. Allison H. Kerwin
3. Sarah J. McAnulty
4. Spencer V. Nyholm

Reviewed by Arcadia Science

An unusual trafficking domain in MSRP6 defines a complex needed for Maurer’s clefts anchoring and maintenance in P. falciparum infected red blood cells

1. Alexandra Blancke Soares
2. Jan Stäcker
3. Svenja Schwald
4. Wieteke Hoijmakers
5. Nahla Galal Metwally
6. Jakob Cronshagen
7. Hanno Schoeler
8. Sven Flemming
9. Katharina Höhn
10. Ulrike Fröhlke
11. Paolo Mesén-Ramírez
12. Bärbel Bergmann
13. Melissa Khosh-Naucke
14. Iris Bruchhaus
15. Richárd Bártfai
16. Tobias Spielmann

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study presents valuable data on the identification and function of a protein complex present at the Maurer's cleft organelles of Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells. The evidence supporting the findings is solid, but would benefit from greater rigor in presentation and analysis.

Reviewed by eLife

Screening the MMV Pathogen Box reveals the mitochondrial bc1-complex as a drug target in mature Toxoplasma gondii bradyzoites

1. Deborah Maus
2. Elyzana Putrianti
3. Tobias Hoffmann
4. Michael Laue
5. Frank Seeber
6. Martin Blume

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This valuable study utilizes a newly developed approach to culture T gondii bradyzoites in myotubes, and then takes advantage of the antiparasitic compound collection known as the Pathogen Box, to find compounds that target both tachyzoite and bradyzoite forms of the parasite. A set of compounds yielding patterns consistent with targeting the mitochondrial bc1 complex was explored further, with solid evidence for changes in ATP production in bradyzoites to support the conclusions about the importance of this complex. The paper will be interesting for parasitologists studying drug discovery of apicomplexan parasites.

Reviewed by eLife