Physiology

Androgen regulation of pulmonary AR, TMPRSS2 and ACE2 with implications for sex-discordant COVID-19 outcomes

1. Mehdi Baratchian
2. Jeffrey M. McManus
3. Mike P. Berk
4. Fumihiko Nakamura
5. Sanjay Mukhopadhyay
6. Weiling Xu
7. Serpil Erzurum
8. Judy Drazba
9. John Peterson
10. Eric A. Klein
11. Benjamin Gaston
12. Nima Sharifi

Reviewed by ScreenIT

Mechanistic insights into robust cardiac IKs potassium channel activation by aromatic polyunsaturated fatty acid analogues

1. Briana M Bohannon
2. Jessica J Jowais
3. Leif Nyberg
4. Vanessa Olivier-Meo
5. Valentina Corradi
6. D Peter Tieleman
7. Sara I Liin
8. H Peter Larsson

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This work reports important findings regarding the regulation of ion channels by polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) through the identification of novel aromatic PUFA analogs with potent effects on the IKs channels, which allow for mechanistic insights into their mode of action. The experiments are solid, combining site-directed mutagenesis, electrophysiological and pharmacological approaches to dissect the different molecular mechanisms and sites involved in the functional interactions. This work will be of broad interest to ion channel biophysicists, physiologists, and medical chemists interested in drug development for LQT syndrome. The study presents some limitations that may need to be addressed or further discussed, in order to strengthen the conclusions reached in the study.

Reviewed by eLife

Calcium and bicarbonate signaling pathways have pivotal, resonating roles in matching ATP production to demand

1. Maura Greiser
2. Mariusz Karbowski
3. Aaron David Kaplan
4. Andrew Kyle Coleman
5. Nicolas Verhoeven
6. Carmen A Mannella
7. W Jonathan Lederer
8. Liron Boyman

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  The important work presented here provides findings that substantially advance our understanding of a major research question into how bicarbonate/CO2 signaling regulates cardiac mitochondrial energy supply. The methods, data, and analyses broadly support the claims with only minor weaknesses concerning the exact spatial location of the enzymes involved. The work will be of broad interest to cell biologists and biochemists interested in metabolic control.

Reviewed by eLife

A cell-and-plasma numerical model reveals hemodynamic stress and flow adaptation in zebrafish microvessels after morphological alteration

1. Swe Soe Maung Ye
2. Li-Kun Phng

Reviewed by Review Commons

VO2max prediction based on submaximal cardiorespiratory relationships and body composition in male runners and cyclists: a population study

1. Szczepan Wiecha
2. Przemysław Seweryn Kasiak
3. Piotr Szwed
4. Tomasz Kowalski
5. Igor Cieśliński
6. Marek Postuła
7. Andrzej Klusiewicz

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  The authors have established new formulas to predict maximum oxygen uptake for cyclists and runners based on submaximal exercise testing and anthropometric characteristics. This is an important study with a large and comprehensive dataset, which may be helpful for many exercise labs. The work is convincing, using appropriate and validated methodology in line with the current state-of-the-art, as shown by references to common exercise books.

Reviewed by eLife

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signaling drives placental aging and can provoke preterm labor

1. Erin J Ciampa
2. Padraich Flahardy
3. Harini Srinivasan
4. Christopher Jacobs
5. Linus Tsai
6. S Ananth Karumanchi
7. Samir M Parikh

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This valuable study provides insights into mechanisms of placental aging and its relationship to labor initiation. The authors provide solid evidence and have thoroughly investigated the molecular characteristics of normal placental aging using in vivo and in vitro model systems and human placental tissue analysis to corroborate their findings. This work contributes to existing work in placental aging and preterm birth and will be of interest to reproductive scientists.

Reviewed by eLife

Tmem117 in AVP neurons regulates the counterregulatory response to hypoglycemia

1. Sevasti Gaspari
2. Gwenaël Labouèbe
3. Alexandre Picard
4. Xavier Berney
5. Ana Rodriguez Sanchez‐Archidona
6. Bernard Thorens

Reviewed by Review Commons

Hypermetabolism in mice carrying a near-complete human chromosome 21

1. Dylan C Sarver
2. Cheng Xu
3. Susana Rodriguez
4. Susan Aja
5. Andrew E Jaffe
6. Feng J Gao
7. Michael Delannoy
8. Muthu Periasamy
9. Yasuhiro Kazuki
10. Mitsuo Oshimura
11. Roger H Reeves
12. G William Wong

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This important paper provides new insight into the effect of extra-copies of a chromosome, thus aneuploidy, on body metabolisms in mammals. The authors used various solid analyses on the metabolisms and physiology of the transgenic mouse with most of human chromosome 21 and presented convincing results to support the authors' claims. The work would be of interest to researchers who work on the physiology and biochemistry of body metabolisms in mammals.

Reviewed by eLife

An unexpected role of neutrophils in clearing apoptotic hepatocytes in vivo

1. Luyang Cao
2. Lixiang Ma
3. Juan Zhao
4. Xiangyu Wang
5. Xinzou Fang
6. Wei Li
7. Yawen Qi
8. Yingkui Tang
9. Jieya Liu
10. Shengxian Peng
11. Li Yang
12. Liangxue Zhou
13. Li Li
14. Xiaobo Hu
15. Yuan Ji
16. Yingyong Hou
17. Yi Zhao
18. Xianming Zhang
19. You-yang Zhao
20. Yong Zhao
21. Yuquan Wei
22. Asrar B Malik
23. Hexige Saiyin
24. Jingsong Xu

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This paper reports the fundamental discovery of a new function of neutrophil in specifically clearing apoptotic hepatocytes by penetrating the cells rather than engulfing them without causing inflammation as a part of tissue homeostasis. This solid study transforms the way we think about role of neutrophil in pathogenesis of autoimmune liver disease.

Reviewed by eLife

Osteoblast-intrinsic defect in glucose metabolism impairs bone formation in type II diabetic male mice

1. Fangfang Song
2. Won Dong Lee
3. Tyler Marmo
4. Xing Ji
5. Chao Song
6. Xueyang Liao
7. Rebecca Seeley
8. Lutian Yao
9. Haoran Liu
10. Fanxin Long

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  In this study, the authors made important progress in understanding bone metabolic defects of T2D. They have established a valuable model that could mimic some aspects of T2D in mice. Particularly, the study provided important evidence showing bone turnover and metabolism were in defects, and changes in glycolysis would rescue bone defects in T2D. Overall, the authors provide compelling evidence from dynamic histomorphometry, C13 isotype labeling in vivo, scRNA-seq, and metabolic assays to demonstrate that the defective glucose metabolism causes osteopenia associated with T2D.

Reviewed by eLife