Neuroscience

Dissociable memory modulation mechanisms facilitate fear amnesia at different timescales

1. Ye Wang
2. Yinmei Ni
3. Zijian Zhu
4. Jingchu Hu
5. Daniela Schiller
6. Jian Li

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  The valuable findings in this study reveal an intricate pattern of memory expression following retrieval extinction at different intervals from retrieval-extinction to test. The novel advance is in the demonstration that, relative to a standard extinction procedure, the retrieval-extinction procedure more effectively suppresses responses to a conditioned threat stimulus when testing occurs just minutes after extinction. The manuscript provides incomplete evidence in support of the attenuation of fear recovery and solid evidence for the engagement of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in this "short-term" suppression of responding.

Reviewed by eLife

A direct neural signature of serial dependence in working memory

1. Cora Fischer
2. Jochen Kaiser
3. Christoph Bledowski

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This important study reveals a neural signature of a common behavioural phenomenon: serial dependence, whereby estimates of a visual feature (here motion direction) are attracted towards the recent history of encoded and reported stimuli. The study provides solid evidence that this phenomenon arises primarily during working memory maintenance. The pervasiveness of serial dependencies across modalities and species makes these findings important for researchers interested in perceptual decision-making across subfields.

Reviewed by eLife

Differential functions of the dorsal and intermediate regions of the hippocampus for optimal goal-directed navigation in VR space

1. Hyeri Hwang
2. Seung-Woo Jin
3. Inah Lee

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  The authors report solid evidence for a valuable set of findings in rats performing a new virtual place-preference task. Temporary pharmacological inhibition targeting the dorsal or intermediate hippocampus disrupted navigation to a goal location in the task, and functional inhibition of the intermediate hippocampus was more detrimental than functional inhibition of the dorsal hippocampus. The work provides novel insights into functional differentiation along the dorsal-ventral axis of the hippocampus.

Reviewed by eLife

Predictably manipulating photoreceptor light responses to reveal their role in downstream visual responses

1. Qiang Chen
2. Norianne T. Ingram
3. Jacob Baudin
4. Juan M. Angueyra
5. Raunak Sinha
6. Fred Rieke

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This paper provides an important method that uses a computational model to predict photoreceptor currents in mammalian photoreceptors. By inverting the model, visual stimuli can be constructed to produce desired photoreceptor current responses. The authors provide compelling evidence that this approach can disentangle the effects of photoreceptor nonlinearities including light adaptation from downstream nonlinear processing, thus facilitating future studies of the higher visual system.

Reviewed by eLife

Neuronal migration depends on blood flow in the adult brain

1. Takashi Ogino
2. Akari Saito
3. Masato Sawada
4. Shoko Takemura
5. Jiro Nagase
6. Honomi Kawase
7. Hiroyuki Inada
8. Vicente Herranz-Pérez
9. Yoh-suke Mukouyama
10. Masatsugu Ema
11. José Manuel García-Verdugo
12. Junichi Nabekura
13. Kazunobu Sawamoto

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This important work examines the role of blood flow and Ghrelin in influencing the migration speed of adult-born olfactory neurons. The authors present solid evidence that newborn rostral migratory stream (RMS) neurons are closely situated alongside blood vessels, preferentially along arterioles, and that migratory speed is correlated with blood flow. They also provide evidence (in vitro and some in vivo) that Ghrelin from blood is involved in augmenting RMS neuron migration speed. While the data from the imaging experiments are convincing, the evidence for the causal roles of Ghrelin is limited and requires additional experimental clarifications to reach a strong conclusion.

Reviewed by eLife

Mesolimbic dopamine ramps reflect environmental timescales

1. Joseph R Floeder
2. Huijeong Jeong
3. Ali Mohebi
4. Vijay Mohan K Namboodiri

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  Floeder and colleagues report that dopamine ramps are determined by the duration of the intertrial interval of the task and the presence of dynamic cues that indicate reward proximity. The manuscript provides valuable new information on a topic of active discussion in the dopamine and reinforcement learning field and the strength of the evidence supporting the claims is solid.

Reviewed by eLife

Repix: reliable, reusable, versatile chronic Neuropixels implants using minimal components

1. Mattias Horan
2. Daniel Regester
3. Cristina Mazuski
4. Thomas Jahans-Price
5. Shanice Bailey
6. Emmett Thompson
7. Zuzanna Slonina
8. Viktor Plattner
9. Elena Menichini
10. Irmak Toksöz
11. Sandra Romero Pinto
12. Mark Burrell
13. Isabella Varsavsky
14. Henry WP Dalgleish
15. Célian Bimbard
16. Anna Lebedeva
17. Marius Bauza
18. Francesca Cacucci
19. Thomas Wills
20. Athena Akrami
21. Julija Krupic
22. Marcus Stephenson-Jones
23. Caswell Barry
24. Neil Burgess
25. John O’Keefe
26. Yoh Isogai

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This report details the creation and wide-scale utilization of "Repix", a new technique for chronic neurophysiological recordings using and re-using Neuropixels probes in freely behaving mice and rats. The authors include data and feedback from a variety of labs and researchers who have used this technique, setting an example for open science and reproducibility, and providing convincing evidence that this approach can be employed for chronic Neuropixels recordings. However, evidence is currently incomplete for claims about the advantages of this design over previous approaches and for cell yield and stability claims. This important work will have an impact on a broad range of neuroscientists seeking a straightforward methodology for chronic Neuropixels recordings and will facilitate ethologically relevant experimental designs.

Reviewed by eLife

Caveolin-1 mediates neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in SARS-CoV-2 infection

1. Troy N. Trevino
2. Avital B. Fogel
3. Richard Minshall
4. Justin M. Richner
5. Sarah E. Lutz

Reviewed by Rapid Reviews Infectious Diseases, PREreview

Embryonic origins of forebrain oligodendrocytes revisited by combinatorial genetic fate mapping

1. Yuqi Cai
2. Zhirong Zhao
3. Mingyue Shi
4. Mingfang Zheng
5. Ling Gong
6. Miao He

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  In this study the authors revisited the question of the embryonic origin of telencephalic oligodendrocytes using some new and powerful genetic tools. There is convincing evidence to support previous suggestions of a predominantly cortical origin of oligodendrocytes in the cerebral cortex, however the new studies suggest that LGE/CGE-derived oligodendrocytes make a modest contribution in some areas, while MGE/POA-derived oligodendrocytes make a small but enduring contribution. The findings are valuable and should be of interest to developmental and myelin biologists.

Reviewed by eLife

Nutritional state-dependent modulation of Insulin-Producing Cells in Drosophila

1. Rituja S. Bisen
2. Fathima Mukthar Iqbal
3. Federico Cascino-Milani
4. Till Bockemühl
5. Jan M. Ache

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study reports on the in vivo dynamics of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) in Drosophila. IPC activity is shown to be modulated by the nutritional state and age of the animal, with convincing evidence for an incretin-like effect. These important findings establish IPCs in Drosophila as a system to study circuits governing behaviors related to the internal state in competition with the feeding state, and will be of interest to both neuroscientists and cell biologists.

Reviewed by eLife