Neuroscience

Prolonged and extended impacts of SARS-CoV-2 on the olfactory neurocircuit

1. Megumi Kishimoto-Urata
2. Shinji Urata
3. Ryoji Kagoya
4. Fumiaki Imamura
5. Shin Nagayama
6. Rachel A. Reyna
7. Junki Maruyama
8. Tatsuya Yamasoba
9. Kenji Kondo
10. Sanae Hasegawa-Ishii
11. Slobodan Paessler

Reviewed by ScreenIT

Partial connectomes of labeled dopaminergic circuits reveal non-synaptic communication and axonal remodeling after exposure to cocaine

1. Gregg Wildenberg
2. Anastasia Sorokina
3. Jessica Koranda
4. Alexis Monical
5. Chad Heer
6. Mark Sheffield
7. Xiaoxi Zhuang
8. Daniel McGehee
9. Bobby Kasthuri

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This study investigates the morphological features of dopaminergic (DA) axons in the Nucleus Accumbens using serial electron microscopy (EM) reconstructions of genetically labelled DA axons. The authors report that DA axons (1) show extremely sparse classical synapses, (2) have varicosities with highly diverse vesicle content, and (3) undergo strong remodelling upon exposing mice to cocaine. The volume EM data set on DA axons presented is valuable. The present findings are suggestive of a mode of dopamine signaling that does not involve classical synapses and are potentially important for understanding the biology of DA neurons, whose dysfunctions have consequences on neurological disorders from Parkinson's disease to schizophrenia.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #3 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Chandelier cell anatomy and function reveal a variably distributed but common signal

1. Casey M. Schneider-Mizell
2. Agnes L. Bodor
3. Forrest Collman
4. Derrick Brittain
5. Adam A. Bleckert
6. Sven Dorkenwald
7. Nicholas L. Turner
8. Thomas Macrina
9. Kisuk Lee
10. Ran Lu
11. Jingpeng Wu
12. Jun Zhuang
13. Anirban Nandi
14. Brian Hu
15. JoAnn Buchanan
16. Marc M. Takeno
17. Russel Torres
18. Gayathri Mahalingam
19. Daniel J. Bumbarger
20. Yang Li
21. Tom Chartrand
22. Nico Kemnitz
23. William M. Silversmith
24. Dodam Ih
25. Jonathan Zung
26. Aleksandar Zlateski
27. Ignacio Tartavull
28. Sergiy Popovych
29. William Wong
30. Manuel Castro
31. Chris S. Jordan
32. Emmanouil Froudarakis
33. Lynne Becker
34. Shelby Suckow
35. Jacob Reimer
36. Andreas S. Tolias
37. Costas Anastassiou
38. H. Sebastian Seung
39. R. Clay Reid
40. Nuno Maçarico da Costa

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This paper will be of high interest to a broad audience of neuroscientists, as it provides a major advancement of our understanding of cortical circuits. The quality and quantitative nature of the neuroanatomical reconstructions at synaptic resolution are remarkable. Complementing the reconstructions with computational modeling and activity measurements, the study proposes a likely circuit function for a specific inhibitory cell type during behavior.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1, Reviewer #2 and Reviewer #3 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Differential adhesion regulates neurite placement via a retrograde zippering mechanism

1. Titas Sengupta
2. Noelle L Koonce
3. Nabor Vázquez-Martínez
4. Mark W Moyle
5. Leighton H Duncan
6. Sarah E Emerson
7. Xiaofei Han
8. Lin Shao
9. Yicong Wu
10. Anthony Santella
11. Li Fan
12. Zhirong Bao
13. William A Mohler
14. Hari Shroff
15. Daniel A Colón-Ramos

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This is a very interesting manuscript describing the changes of neurite position in a complex neuropil during development. The experimental system is well chosen because AIB's function within the circuit requires its neurite to be in two different neuropil "neighborhoods". The manuscript includes some technically difficult experiments of imaging neurite outgrowth in C. elegans embryos. The surprising finding here is that neurite position is not solely dependent on its growth cone navigation. In the case of the AIB neuron, the growth cone is anchored after it reaches its destination point and then a segment of the neurite shifts direction towards its final position through a zippering action. They also show that this shift in position is driven by adhesion molecules SYG-1 and SYG-2.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #3 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

A neural hub that coordinates learned and innate courtship behaviors

1. Mor Ben-Tov
2. Fabiola Duarte
3. Richard Mooney

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This paper will be interesting for understanding how the innate and learned components are synchronized and temporally coordinated in courtship behavior. This study gives the first insight into the midbrain dopaminergic region and its' role in courtship behavior.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #3 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Bidirectional synaptic plasticity rapidly modifies hippocampal representations

1. Aaron D Milstein
2. Yiding Li
3. Katie C Bittner
4. Christine Grienberger
5. Ivan Soltesz
6. Jeffrey C Magee
7. Sandro Romani

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This manuscript uses a combination of high-quality in vivo electrophysiology and modelling to demonstrate that Behavioural Time Scale Plasticity (BTSP) is bidirectional, and the amplitude and direction of this plasticity are dictated by the current weight of the inputs and not by the correlated activity of pairs of neurons. These findings challenge our current views on synaptic plasticity, which are primarily based on Hebb's concept. In addition, the network model used in this study demonstrates that this type of plasticity can rapidly reshape population activity to respond to environmental clues. This study will be of interest to the broad neuroscience audience and foster new ideas on biological and artificial learning.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 and Reviewer #2 agreed to share their names with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

FMRP regulates mRNAs encoding distinct functions in the cell body and dendrites of CA1 pyramidal neurons

1. Caryn R Hale
2. Kirsty Sawicka
3. Kevin Mora
4. John J Fak
5. Jin Joo Kang
6. Paula Cutrim
7. Katarzyna Cialowicz
8. Thomas S Carroll
9. Robert B Darnell

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  The authors performed transcriptomic analyses from compartment-specific, micro-dissected hippocampal region tissue from transgenic mice. One feature that distinguishes this work from previous studies is the use of conditional knock-in tags (GFP or HA) and tissue specific expression of the Cre recombinase to target a population of pyramidal neurons in the CA1 region. The strengths of the paper are the rich data sets and innovative integration of methods that will provide a valuable technical resource for the field.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #2 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Oxytocin neurons mediate the effect of social isolation via the VTA circuits

1. Stefano Musardo
2. Alessandro Contestabile
3. Marit Knoop
4. Olivier Baud
5. Camilla Bellone

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This study examined the effects of social isolation in adolescent and adult male mice, a topic timely and relevant. The work sheds light on oxytocin as a key regulator that modulates the dopaminergic midbrain imparting long-lasting effects on social interaction. A critical open question is whether these results would apply to female subjects. The findings will merit from more thorough interpretations and controls of social behavior data and synaptic plasticity. This paper will be of interest to those interested in social neuroscience and plasticity in general.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Octopamine drives honeybee thermogenesis

1. Sinan Kaya-Zeeb
2. Lorenz Engelmayer
3. Mara Straßburger
4. Jasmin Bayer
5. Heike Bähre
6. Roland Seifert
7. Oliver Scherf-Clavel
8. Markus Thamm

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This study is of broad interest to researchers in the field of entomology and physiology. These findings may shed light on at least one mechanism underlying selective advantages conferred to insect species on evolutionary timescales. Though the chemical signal, its source and recipient tissues underlying thermogenesis are elucidated, hypotheses regarding their downstream effects remain to be substantiated.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Control of neurotransmitter release and presynaptic plasticity by re-orientation of membrane-bound Munc13-1

1. Marcial Camacho
2. Bradley Quade
3. Thorsten Trimbuch
4. Junjie Xu
5. Levent Sari
6. Josep Rizo
7. Christian Rosenmund

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This study will be of high interest to readers in the field of the molecular mechanisms of synaptic operation. The functional demonstration of two different topological states of Munc13 involved in, Ca2+-independent and Ca2+-dependent, synaptic vesicle priming is a remarkable contribution to further understand key mechanisms of neurotransmitter release and its modulation. A multidisciplinary, solid and careful study supported by simulations of molecular dynamics, in vitro assays of membrane fusion and synaptic electrophysiology of mouse hippocampal neurons.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife