Neuroscience

Perceptual coupling and decoupling of the default mode network during mind-wandering and reading

1. Meichao Zhang
2. Boris C Bernhardt
3. Xiuyi Wang
4. Dominika Varga
5. Katya Krieger-Redwood
6. Jessica Royer
7. Raúl Rodríguez-Cruces
8. Reinder Vos de Wael
9. Daniel S Margulies
10. Jonathan Smallwood
11. Elizabeth Jefferies

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This manuscript is of broad interest to those interested in the relationship between mind wandering and reading, at the behavioral and neural levels, including when both processes occur at the same time. As such, this manuscript has important implications for clarifying how the experience of mind wandering while reading may occur. The results partially support the proposed theoretical framework that mind wandering during reading disrupts processing of visual input, however, not all of the authors' claims appear to be supported by the experimental design and data.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Charting brain growth and aging at high spatial precision

1. Saige Rutherford
2. Charlotte Fraza
3. Richard Dinga
4. Seyed Mostafa Kia
5. Thomas Wolfers
6. Mariam Zabihi
7. Pierre Berthet
8. Amanda Worker
9. Serena Verdi
10. Derek Andrews
11. Laura KM Han
12. Johanna MM Bayer
13. Paola Dazzan
14. Phillip McGuire
15. Roel T Mocking
16. Aart Schene
17. Chandra Sripada
18. Ivy F Tso
19. Elizabeth R Duval
20. Soo-Eun Chang
21. Brenda WJH Penninx
22. Mary M Heitzeg
23. S Alexandra Burt
24. Luke W Hyde
25. David Amaral
26. Christine Wu Nordahl
27. Ole A Andreasssen
28. Lars T Westlye
29. Roland Zahn
30. Henricus G Ruhe
31. Christian Beckmann
32. Andre F Marquand

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This manuscript is of broad interest to the neuroimaging community. It establishes a detailed reference model of human brain development and lifespan trajectories based on a very large data set, across many cortical and subcortical brain regions. The model not only explains substantial variability on test data, it also successfully uncovers individual differences on a database of psychiatric patients that, in addition to group-level analyses, may be critical for diagnosis, thereby demonstrating high clinical potential. It presents a clear overview of the data resource, including detailed evaluation metrics, and makes code, models and documentation directly available to the community.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1, Reviewer #2 and Reviewer #3 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Local field potentials reflect cortical population dynamics in a region-specific and frequency-dependent manner

1. Cecilia Gallego-Carracedo
2. Matthew G Perich
3. Raeed H Chowdhury
4. Lee E Miller
5. Juan Álvaro Gallego

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This paper will be of interest to electrophysiologists, systems neuroscientists and neural engineers. The authors describe a framework for evaluating the comparison between LFP dynamics and spikes and perform this comparison for several datasets recorded from motor, premotor, and sensory areas of cortex in rhesus macaque monkeys. These results serve as an important benchmark for the information content of LFP recordings, which is relevant to data collection in neuroscientific investigations and to designing brain computer interfaces.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

PBN-PVT projections modulate negative affective states in mice

1. Ya-Bing Zhu
2. Yan Wang
3. Xiao-Xiao Hua
4. Ling Xu
5. Ming-Zhe Liu
6. Rui Zhang
7. Peng-Fei Liu
8. Jin-Bao Li
9. Ling Zhang
10. Di Mu

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This study will interest neuroscientists, in particular those interested in the neurocircuitry of emotional behaviors. Using modern neuroscience techniques, the authors demonstrate that anatomical projections from a brain stem structure called the parabrachial nucleus to the paraventricular nucleus thalamus contribute to aversive states like fear and anxiety. Overall, the study offers important details of a previously uncharacterized brain circuit, although some additional experiments are required to fully substantiate the authors' claims.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 and Reviewer #2 agreed to share their names with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

A transcriptional constraint mechanism limits the homeostatic response to activity deprivation in mammalian neocortex

1. Vera Valakh
2. Derek Wise
3. Xiaoyue Aelita Zhu
4. Mingqi Sha
5. Jaidyn Fok
6. Stephen D Van Hooser
7. Robin Schectman
8. Isabel Cepeda
9. Ryan Kirk
10. Sean M O'Toole
11. Sacha B Nelson

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  Homeostatic plasticity helps to confine neural network activity within limits. In this study, the authors show that loss of PAR bZIP family of transcription factors leads to overcompensation of excitatory synaptic transmission and average network activity upon sustained activity deprivation. The work identifies an endogenous transcriptional program that constrains upward homeostatic response and whose activity is implicated in preventing aberrant network activity associated with epilepsy and other brain disorders. These are exciting results that address the question of broad importance. While most arguments are supported by data of high quality, further experiments would strengthen the claims about the relative contribution of excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms and clarify the nature of compensation.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Human interictal epileptiform discharges are bidirectional traveling waves echoing ictal discharges

1. Elliot H Smith
2. Jyun-you Liou
3. Edward M Merricks
4. Tyler Davis
5. Kyle Thomson
6. Bradley Greger
7. Paul House
8. Ronald G Emerson
9. Robert Goodman
10. Guy M McKhann
11. Sameer Sheth
12. Catherine Schevon
13. John D Rolston

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  Smith et al. describes the propagation patterns of electrical activity in the brains of human epileptic patients. The authors demonstrate that interictal spikes, commonly observed electrical events in epileptic patients, propagate in a similar manner to seizures. This suggests that interictal spikes could be used in surgical planning, which would be of great interest to neurosurgeons and neurologists treating patients with medication refractory epilepsy.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Respiration aligns perception with neural excitability

1. Daniel S Kluger
2. Elio Balestrieri
3. Niko A Busch
4. Joachim Gross

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  Kluger and colleagues investigated the influence of respiration on visual sensory perception in a near-threshold task and argue that the detected correlation between respiration phase and detection precision is liked to alpha power, which in turn is modulated by the phase of respiration. The main finding - that the moment-to-moment relationship between excitability and perception is coupled to the body's slower respiratory oscillation - poses a potentially important advance for advancing our understanding of how the brain-body system works as a whole.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #3 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Mechanisms of distributed working memory in a large-scale network of macaque neocortex

1. Jorge F Mejías
2. Xiao-Jing Wang

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  Mejias and Wang propose here the first large-scale model of the brain that actually performs a cognitive task. Previous models have focused on neural dynamics during the so-called "resting state", in which subjects are not performing any cognitive task - thus, resting. This study is therefore an important improvement in the field of large-scale modelling and will certainly become an influential reference for future modelling efforts.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Sensing complementary temporal features of odor signals enhances navigation of diverse turbulent plumes

1. Viraaj Jayaram
2. Nirag Kadakia
3. Thierry Emonet

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This manuscript by Jayaram and colleagues uses computational modeling approaches to examine how temporal filtering of an odor signal contributes to navigation success in different odor environments. The manuscript advances the literature in considering how different algorithms may be optimal for different environments. Further evidence is required to more convincingly prove the intriguing trade-off between frequency and "intermittency" sensing described here.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

A novel histone deacetylase inhibitor‐based approach to eliminate microglia and retain astrocyte properties in glial cell culture

1. Xi‐Biao He
2. Yi Wu
3. Haozhi Huang
4. Fang Guo

Reviewed by ScreenIT