Neuroscience

Decoding locomotion from population neural activity in moving C. elegans

1. Kelsey M Hallinen
2. Ross Dempsey
3. Monika Scholz
4. Xinwei Yu
5. Ashley Linder
6. Francesco Randi
7. Anuj K Sharma
8. Joshua W Shaevitz
9. Andrew M Leifer

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This paper will be of interest to a wide range of systems neuroscientists seeking to understanding the relationship between neuronal activity and behavior. Building on previous technical advances in brain-wide imaging of neuronal activity (Ca signals) in freely moving animals (Caenorhabditis elegans), it demonstrates that a linear regression model is sufficient reconstruct key parameters of locomotion - velocity and body curvature - from the imaging data and documents differences in activity between freely moving and immobilized worms.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

The role of ventromedial prefrontal cortex in reward valuation and future thinking during intertemporal choice

1. Elisa Ciaramelli
2. Flavia De Luca
3. Donna Kwan
4. Jenkin Mok
5. Francesca Bianconi
6. Violetta Knyagnytska
7. Carl Craver
8. Leonard Green
9. Joel Myerson
10. R Shayna Rosenbaum

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This paper provides important data on the contribution of the vmPFC to temporal discounting, by showing differential modulation of two well-known effects in inter-temporal choice (magnitude effect, episodic future thinking). VMPFC damage abolished the magnitude effect, but not a modulation of discounting via future thinking, a finding of interest to cognitive neuroscientists working on prospection, decision-making and executive control.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #2 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Cortical magnification in human visual cortex parallels task performance around the visual field

1. Noah C Benson
2. Eline R Kupers
3. Antoine Barbot
4. Marisa Carrasco
5. Jonathan Winawer

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This manuscript is of broad interest to readers in the field of human vision and its cortical topography as well as behavioral and genetic links. The investigation of the neurobiological basis of visual task performance asymmetries represents an important contribution to our understanding of how visual system architecture shapes perception. The key claims of the manuscript are well supported by the data, and the approaches used are thoughtful and rigorous.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewers #1, #2, and #3 agreed to share their names with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Activation of mTORC1 and c-Jun by Prohibitin1 loss in Schwann cells may link mitochondrial dysfunction to demyelination

1. Gustavo Della-Flora Nunes
2. Emma R Wilson
3. Edward Hurley
4. Bin He
5. Bert W O'Malley
6. Yannick Poitelon
7. Lawrence Wrabetz
8. M Laura Feltri

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This manuscript builds upon the recent observation that Schwann cell (SC)-specific loss of the mitochondrial protein Prohibitin-1 results in a rapid, progressive demyelinating peripheral neuropathy in mice associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. They establish pathways as downstream effectors of mitochondrial dysfunction in Schwann cells. The authors provide a comprehensive evaluation of these pathways following the loss of Prophibitin-1 and identify JUN and mTORC1 as potential mediators of myelin disruption.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #2 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Gjd2b-mediated gap junctions promote glutamatergic synapse formation and dendritic elaboration in Purkinje neurons

1. Sahana Sitaraman
2. Gnaneshwar Yadav
3. Vandana Agarwal
4. Shaista Jabeen
5. Shivangi Verma
6. Meha Jadhav
7. Vatsala Thirumalai

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  Sitaraman and colleagues address the fundamental question of whether gap junctions facilitate the formation of chemical synapses. To do so they test the function of the gap junction protein, Gjd2b, in early stages of synaptogenesis in larval Zebrafish cerebellar Purkinje neurons. They provide convincing evidence that Gjd2b is necessary for the development of glutamatergic synapses and dendritic arbor growth Purkinje neurons in vivo and that CaMKII plays a role in regulating arbor development. This study will be an important contribution to our understanding of molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying brain development.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 and Reviewer #3 agreed to share their names with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Circadian regulation of vertebrate cone photoreceptor function

1. Jingjing Zang
2. Matthias Gesemann
3. Jennifer Keim
4. Marijana Samardzija
5. Christian Grimm
6. Stephan CF Neuhauss

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  Light and light perception are important factors that modulate several aspects of behavior and physiology in all animals, including humans. More specifically, the paper examines circadian cycling of phototransduction regulators in diurnal zebrafish and nocturnal mice, and links them to function at the level of ERGs. Interestingly, the transcriptional cycling is shifted between zebrafish and mice. This work is of relevance to vision researchers, but also of interest to a broader audience of behavioral (neuro)scientists and chronobiologists.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 and Reviewer #3 agreed to share their names with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Subcellular proteomics of dopamine neurons in the mouse brain

1. Benjamin D Hobson
2. Se Joon Choi
3. Eugene V Mosharov
4. Rajesh K Soni
5. David Sulzer
6. Peter A Sims

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  In this work, the authors provide a useful compendium of proteins labeled within SNpc dopaminergic cells using a novel approach. AAV virus was used to conditional express the APEX2 enzyme in dopaminergic neurons (based on DAT-1 Cre genetic technology) to rapidly biotinylate nearby proteins in oriented sections of brain whereby the striatonigral circuit can be spatially parsed for proteomic dissection. In addition to providing a useful new database of proteins for investigators interested in this circuit, the results also provide a more general approach to examining a compartment proteome in neurons and what might be expected in that analysis.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

SARS-CoV-2 promotes microglial synapse elimination in human brain organoids

1. Samudyata
2. Ana O. Oliveira
3. Susmita Malwade
4. Nuno Rufino de Sousa
5. Sravan K. Goparaju
6. Jessica Gracias
7. Funda Orhan
8. Laura Steponaviciute
9. Martin Schalling
10. Steven D. Sheridan
11. Roy H. Perlis
12. Antonio G. Rothfuchs
13. Carl M. Sellgren

Reviewed by ScreenIT

Functional independence of endogenous μ- and δ-opioid receptors co-expressed in cholinergic interneurons

1. Seksiri Arttamangkul
2. Emily J Platt
3. James Carroll
4. David Farrens

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This study is significant because it addresses a debated question in the field about whether different opioid receptor subtypes expressed in the same cells must function as a unit or function independently. Here the authors show that while mu and delta opioid receptors each signals in a similar manner in response to specific treatments, their interactions are largely independent of one another in modulating the firing and regulation by desensitization and internalization mechanisms in striatal cholinergic interneurons.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #3 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Persistent Firing Neurons in the Medial Septum Drive Arousal and Locomotion

1. Endre Levente Marosi
2. Karolina Korvasova
3. Felix Ludwig
4. Hiroshi Kaneko
5. Liudmila Sosulina
6. Tom Tetzlaff
7. Stefan Remy
8. Sanja Mikulovic

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This paper suggest that that intrinsically generated persistent firing activity of medial septal glutamatergic (VGluT2+) neurons underlies initiation of locomotor activity. In this work, the authors provide evidence for a non-canonical role for persistent firing in initiating locomotion by performing a series of technically difficult experiments to dissect the circuit mechanisms of the persistent firing. This manuscript will be of interest to readers in the field of spatial navigation, motor control, and neural network dynamics.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 and Reviewer #2 agreed to share their names with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife