Immunology

Cryo-sensitive aggregation triggers NLRP3 inflammasome assembly in cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome

1. Tadayoshi Karasawa
2. Takanori Komada
3. Naoya Yamada
4. Emi Aizawa
5. Yoshiko Mizushina
6. Sachiko Watanabe
7. Chintogtokh Baatarjav
8. Takayoshi Matsumura
9. Masafumi Takahashi

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  Karasawa and colleagues examine two gain-of-function mutations in NLRP3, which are known to cause cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (auto-inflammatory diseases with different manifestations), and demonstrate that both mutations appear to result in cryo-sensitive aggregated foci when expressed in cells. This is a very impactful and extensive body of work that is of broad interest to the fields of inflammasomes and autoinflammatory diseases. Data presented support the conclusions, and the findings are translational for patients and applicable to our general understanding of inflammasome function. However, specific issues raised by the Reviewers should be addressed.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #2 and Reviewer #3 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells improve survival from sepsis by boosting immunomodulatory cells

1. Daniel E Morales-Mantilla
2. Bailee Kain
3. Duy Le
4. Anthony R Flores
5. Silke Paust
6. Katherine Y King

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This preclinical study reports on a novel strategy for sepsis. Sepsis induced by Group A Streptococcus (GAS) in mice leads to depletion of bone marrow HSPCs and mortality and infusion of naive donor HSPCs lower mortality but has no effect on bacterial burden. This supports that HSPCs infusion might attenuate the detrimental immune response in sepsis warranting further investigation of this novel concept.

Reviewed by eLife

An elite broadly neutralizing antibody protects SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant challenge

1. Biao Zhou
2. Runhong Zhou
3. Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan
4. Mengxiao Luo
5. Qiaoli Peng
6. Shuofeng Yuan
7. Bobo Wing-Yee Mok
8. Bohao Chen
9. Pui Wang
10. Vincent Kwok-Man Poon
11. Hin Chu
12. Chris Chung-Sing Chan
13. Jessica Oi-Ling Tsang
14. Chris Chun-Yiu Chan
15. Ka-Kit Au
16. Hiu-On Man
17. Lu Lu
18. Kelvin Kai-Wang To
19. Honglin Chen
20. Kwok-Yung Yuen
21. Zhiwei Chen

Reviewed by ScreenIT

The oxygen sensor prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 regulates the in vivo suppressive capacity of regulatory T cells

1. Yousra Ajouaou
2. Abdulkader Azouz
3. Anaëlle Taquin
4. Sebastien Denanglaire
5. Hind Hussein
6. Mohammad Krayem
7. Fabienne Andris
8. Muriel Moser
9. Stanislas Goriely
10. Oberdan Leo

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  The possibility that local or systemic hypoxia regulates aspects of the immune system has attracted widespread interest over the last decade or more. Previous work has implicated regulatory T cells in at least some of these responses, and has demonstrated that over-activation of a specific hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) isoform, HIF-2alpha has the potential to driven pro-inflammatory lymphoproliferative responses characterized by defective regulatory T cells. The current work demonstrates that genetic activation of these hypoxia-signalling pathways that is restricted to the regulatory T cell lineage is sufficient to drive this type of immune activation. The work is important since it provides a focus for study of the mechanism, for which the authors make a proposal based on mis-localization of regulatory T cells. It is also important in focussing a key questions (requiring further study) as to whether physiological or pathological hypoxia, specifically affecting these cells, will drive such a response and/or whether the lymphoproliferative phenotype could be affected adversely or beneficially by agents that are being used to upregulate or downregulate hypoxia-signalling pathways in other settings.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 and Reviewer #2 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Structural basis of Omicron neutralization by affinity-matured public antibodies

1. Daniel J. Sheward
2. Pradeepa Pushparaj
3. Hrishikesh Das
4. Changil Kim
5. Sungyong Kim
6. Leo Hanke
7. Robert Dyrdak
8. Gerald McInerney
9. Jan Albert
10. Ben Murrell
11. Gunilla B. Karlsson Hedestam
12. B. Martin Hällberg

Reviewed by ScreenIT

A synthetic bispecific antibody capable of neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron

1. Tom Z. Yuan
2. Carolina Lucas
3. Valter S. Monteiro
4. Akiko Iwasaki
5. Marisa L. Yang
6. Hector F. Nepita
7. Ana G. Lujan Hernandez
8. Joseph M. Taft
9. Lester Frei
10. Sai T. Reddy
11. Cédric R. Weber
12. Kevin P. Malobisky
13. Rodrigo Mesquita
14. Aaron K. Sato

Reviewed by ScreenIT

Maternal cytokine response after SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy

1. Frederieke A.J. Gigase
2. Nina M. Molenaar
3. Roy D. Missall
4. Anna-Sophie Rommel
5. Whitney Lieb
6. Erona Ibroci
7. Sophie Ohrn
8. Jezelle Lynch
9. Florian Krammer
10. Rachel Brody
11. Rebecca H. Jessel
12. Rhoda S. Sperling
13. Corina Lesseur
14. Francesco Callipari
15. Romeo R. Galang
16. Margaret C. Snead
17. Teresa Janevic
18. Joanne Stone
19. Elizabeth A. Howell
20. Jia Chen
21. Victor J.M. Pop
22. Siobhan M. Dolan
23. Veerle Bergink
24. Lotje D. De Witte

Reviewed by ScreenIT

Nonself Mutations in the Spike Protein Suggest an Increase in the Antigenicity and a Decrease in the Virulence of the Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2

1. Joji M. Otaki
2. Wataru Nakasone
3. Morikazu Nakamura

Reviewed by ScreenIT

Combining antigenic data from public sources gives an early indication of the immune escape of emerging virus variants

1. Antonia Netzl
2. Sina Türeli
3. Eric B. LeGresley
4. Barbara Mühlemann
5. Samuel H. Wilks
6. Derek J. Smith

Reviewed by ScreenIT

Assessment of T-cell Reactivity to the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant by Immunized Individuals

1. Lorenzo De Marco
2. Silvia D’Orso
3. Marta Pirronello
4. Alice Verdiani
5. Andrea Termine
6. Carlo Fabrizio
7. Alessia Capone
8. Andrea Sabatini
9. Gisella Guerrera
10. Roberta Placido
11. Manolo Sambucci
12. Daniela F. Angelini
13. Flavia Giannessi
14. Mario Picozza
15. Carlo Caltagirone
16. Antonino Salvia
17. Elisabetta Volpe
18. Maria Pia Balice
19. Angelo Rossini
20. Olaf Rötzschke
21. Emiliano Giardina
22. Luca Battistini
23. Giovanna Borsellino

Reviewed by ScreenIT