Immunology

Unraveling the Role of Ctla-4 in Intestinal Immune Homeostasis: Insights from a novel Zebrafish Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

1. Lulu Qin
2. Chongbin Hu
3. Qiong Zhao
4. Yong Wang
5. Dongdong Fan
6. Aifu Lin
7. Lixin Xiang
8. Ye Chen
9. Jianzhong Shao

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study focuses on the role of a T-cell-specific receptor, ctla-4, in a new zebrafish model of IBD-like phenotype. Although implicated in IBD diseases, the function of ctla-4 has been hard to study in mice as the KO is lethal. Ctla-4 mutant zebrafish exhibited significant intestinal inflammation and dysbiosis, mirroring the pathology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in mammals, providing a new valuable model to the field of IBD research. However, although many of the results are solid, the methods as provided are incomplete, without information on methods for many data panels.

Reviewed by eLife

A novel bioinformatics pipeline for the identification of immune inhibitory receptors as potential therapeutic targets

1. Akashdip Singh
2. Alberto Miranda Bedate
3. Helen J von Richthofen
4. Saskia V Vijver
5. Michiel van der Vlist
6. Raphael Kuhn
7. Alexander Yermanos
8. Jürgen J Kuball
9. Can Kesmir
10. M Ines Pascoal Ramos
11. Linde Meyaard

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  The authors presented a valuable bioinformatics pipeline for screening and identifying inhibitory receptors for potential drug targets. They provided solid evidence showing a sequential reduction in the search space through various screening tools and algorithms and demonstrated that this pipeline can be used to "rediscover" known targets. Further experimental validation on putative and unknown inhibitory receptors will strengthen the evidence reported in this work. This study will be of interest to bioinformaticians and computational biologists working on immune regulation, sequence screening, and target identification of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Reviewed by eLife

Chemokine expression profile of an innate granuloma

1. Megan E Amason
2. Cole J Beatty
3. Carissa K Harvest
4. Daniel R Saban
5. Edward A Miao

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This valuable study advances the understanding of granuloma formation by identifying a key chemokine receptors in containing infection by a specific species of bacteria. The evidence supporting this is solid, providing a spatial transcriptomic dataset spanning granuloma formation and resolution by a specific species of bacteria. The work should be of interest to microbiologists and immunologists.

Reviewed by eLife

Cell state and transcription factor modulation during extended ex vivo CD8 ⁺ T-cell expansion

1. Yuan Lui
2. Edward Jenkins
3. Emily Zhi Qing Ng
4. Mateusz Kotowski
5. Sydney J Mullin
6. Joseph Clarke
7. Simon J Davis
8. Ana Mafalda Santos
9. Sumana Sharma

Reviewed by PREreview

Resting natural killer cells promote the progress of colon cancer liver metastasis by elevating tumor-derived stem cell factor

1. Chenchen Mao
2. Yanyu Chen
3. Dong Xing
4. Teming Zhang
5. Yangxuan Lin
6. Cong Long
7. Jiaye Yu
8. Yunhui Luo
9. Tao Ming
10. Wangkai Xie
11. Zheng Han
12. Dianfeng Mei
13. Dan Xiang
14. Mingdong Lu
15. Xian Shen
16. Xiangyang Xue

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This useful study draws on published single-cell and spatial transcriptomic data of colon cancer liver metastasis to clarify the pro- and anti-tumorigenic properties of NK cells. The authors discover increased GZMK+ resting NK cells in the tumor tissue and reduced abundance of KIR2DL4+ activated NK cells. However, the evidence is currently incomplete, as the models used to validate the hypothesis and claims are not adequate and lack the necessary controls.

Reviewed by eLife

Exposure to live saprophytic Leptospira before challenge with a pathogenic serovar prevents severe leptospirosis and promotes kidney homeostasis

1. Suman Kundu
2. Advait Shetty
3. Maria Gomes-Solecki

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This important study contributes to our understanding on how prior exposure to a non-pathogenic Leptospira strain could prime the host to prevent severe leptospirosis following infection with a pathogenic strain. The work described is solid and broadly supports the claims, with minor weaknesses that could be addressed in future studies. The work will be of interest to scientists interested in host-pathogen interactions and leptospirosis.

Reviewed by eLife

T3SS translocon induces pyroptosis by direct interaction with NLRC4/NAIP inflammasome

1. Yan Zhao
2. Hanshuo Zhu
3. Jinqian Li
4. Li Sun

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This important study shows that Type 3 secretion translocons in E. tarda and other bacteria activate the NAIP-NLRC4 inflammasome. The data from cellular and biochemical experiments showing that EseB is required for activation of the NLRC4 inflammasome are convincing, and comparing other translocons and additional cellular assays will provide further strength. This paper is broadly relevant to those investigating host-pathogen interactions in diverse organisms.

Reviewed by eLife

Target-agnostic identification of human antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum sexual forms reveals cross stage recognition of glutamate-rich repeats

1. Axelle Amen
2. Randy Yoo
3. Amanda Fabra-García
4. Judith Bolscher
5. William JR Stone
6. Isabelle Bally
7. Sebastián Dergan-Dylon
8. Iga Kucharska
9. Roos M de Jong
10. Marloes de Bruijni
11. Teun Bousema
12. C Richter King
13. Randall S MacGill
14. Robert W Sauerwein
15. Jean-Philippe Julien
16. Pascal Poignard
17. Matthijs M Jore

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study reports important results and new insights into humoral immune responses to Plasmodium falciparum sexual stage proteins. The experiments are based on the use of target-agnostic memory B cell sorting and screening approaches as well as several state-of-the-art technologies. The authors present compelling evidence that one antibody, B1E11K, is cross-reactive with multiple proteins containing glutamate-rich repeats through homotypic interactions, a process similar to what has been observed for Plasmodium circumsporozoite protein repeat-directed antibodies.

Reviewed by eLife

Transposable elements may enhance antiviral resistance in HIV-1 elite controllers

1. Manvendra Singh
2. Sabrina M. Leddy
3. Luis Pedro Iñiguez
4. Matthew L. Bendall
5. Douglas F. Nixon
6. Cédric Feschotte

Reviewed by Review Commons

Functional Diversity of Memory CD8 T Cells is Spatiotemporally Imprinted

1. Miguel Reina-Campos
2. Alexander Monell
3. Amir Ferry
4. Vida Luna
5. Kitty P. Cheung
6. Giovanni Galletti
7. Nicole E. Scharping
8. Kennidy K. Takehara
9. Sara Quon
10. Brigid Boland
11. Yun Hsuan Lin
12. William H. Wong
13. Cynthia S. Indralingam
14. Gene W. Yeo
15. John T. Chang
16. Maximilian Heeg
17. Ananda W. Goldrath

Reviewed by preLights