Immunology

A pair of congenic mice for imaging of transplants by positron emission tomography using anti-transferrin receptor nanobodies

1. Thomas Balligand
2. Claire Carpenet
3. Sergi Olivé Palau
4. Tom Jaspers
5. Pavana Suresh
6. Xin Liu
7. Himadri Medhi
8. Yoon Ho Lee
9. Mohammad Rashidian
10. Bart De Strooper
11. Hidde L Ploegh
12. Maarten Dewilde

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  In this highly innovative study, Carpenet C et al explore the use of nanobody-based PET imaging to track proliferative cells after in vivo transplantation in mice, in a fully immunocompetent setting. The development of a unique set of PET tracers and mouse strains to track genetically-unmodified transplanted cells in vivo is an important novel asset that could potentially facilitate cell tracking in different research fields. The evidence provided is compelling as the new method proposed might facilitate overcoming certain limitations of alternative approaches, such as full sized immunoglobulins and small molecules.

Reviewed by eLife

Glycosylated IgG antibodies accelerated the recovery of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome patients

1. Chuansong Quan
2. Lu Wang
3. Jiming Gao
4. Yaoni Li
5. Xiaoyu Xu
6. Houqiang Li
7. Zixuan Gao
8. Wenxu Ruan
9. Hongzhi Liu
10. Qian Li
11. Weijia Xing
12. Liqiong Zhao
13. Michael J Carr
14. Weifeng Shi
15. Haifeng Hou

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  The authors investigated the potential role of IgG N-glycosylation in Haemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS), which may offer significant insights for understanding molecular mechanisms and for the development of therapeutic strategies for this infectious disease. The findings are useful to the field, although the strength of evidence to support the findings is incomplete. Several issues need to be addressed, including more detail on the background, methods, and results. Additional statistical tests should be performed, and the conclusions should reflect the correlational findings of the paper.

Reviewed by eLife

Phosphoglycerate mutase regulates Treg differentiation through control of serine synthesis and one-carbon metabolism

1. Wesley H Godfrey
2. Judy J Lee
3. Shruthi Shanmukha
4. Kaho Cho
5. Xiaojing Deng
6. Chandra Shekar R Ambati
7. Vasanta Putluri
8. Abu Hena Mostafa Kamal
9. Paul M Kim
10. Nagireddy Putluri
11. Michael D Kornberg

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This paper highlights an important physiological function of PGAM in the differentiation and suppressive activity of Treg cells by regulating serine synthesis. This role is proposed to intersect with glycolysis and one-carbon metabolism. The study's conclusion is supported by solid evidence from in-vitro cellular and in-vivo mouse models.

Reviewed by eLife

Pediatric cerebrospinal fluid immune profiling distinguishes pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis from other pediatric-onset acute neurological disorders

1. Diego A. Espinoza
2. Tobias Zrzavy
3. Gautier Breville
4. Simon Thebault
5. Amaar Marefi
6. Ina Mexhitaj
7. Luana D. Yamashita
8. Mengyuan Kan
9. Micky Bacchus
10. Jessica Legaspi
11. Samantha Fernandez
12. Anna Melamed
13. Mallory Stubblebine
14. Yeseul Kim
15. Zachary Martinez
16. Caroline Diorio
17. Andreas Schulte-Mecklenbeck
18. Heinz Wiendl
19. Ayman Rezk
20. Rui Li
21. Sona Narula
22. Amy T. Waldman
23. Sarah E. Hopkins
24. Brenda Banwell
25. Amit Bar-Or

Reviewed by preLights

CD81+ senescent-like fibroblasts exaggerate inflammation and activate neutrophils via C3/C3aR1 axis in periodontitis

1. Liangliang Fu
2. Chenghu Yin
3. Qin Zhao
4. Shuling Guo
5. Wenjun Shao
6. Ting Xia
7. Quan Sun
8. Liangwen Chen
9. Jinghan Li
10. Min Wang
11. Haibin Xia

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This valuable study identifies a population of CD81-positive fibroblasts showing senescence signatures that can activate neutrophils through the C3/C3aR1 axis, hence contributing to the inflammatory response in periodontitis. Solid evidence, combining in vitro and in vivo analyses and mouse and human data, supports these findings. The revised manuscript has addressed many concerns significantly. The work would be of interest to researchers working in the senescence and oral medicine fields.

Reviewed by eLife

Layilin regulates Treg motility and suppressive capacity in skin

1. Victoire Gouirand
2. Sean Clancy
3. Courtney Macon
4. Jose Valle
5. Mariela Pauli
6. Hong-An Truong
7. Jarish Cohen
8. Maxime Kinet
9. Margaret M Lowe
10. Samuel J Lord
11. Kristen Skruber
12. Hobart Harris
13. Esther Kim
14. Isaac Neuhaus
15. Karin Reif
16. Ali A Zarrin
17. R Dyche Mullins
18. Michael D Rosenblum

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study reports valuable findings on the role of Layilin in the motility and suppressive capacity of clonal expanded regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the skin. Although the strength of the study is utilizing conditional knock-out mice and human skin samples, the analysis of the molecular mechanism by which Layilin affects Treg function is incomplete. The study will be of interest to medical scientists working on skin immunology.

Reviewed by eLife, Arcadia Science

Malnutrition drives infection susceptibility and dysregulated myelopoiesis that persists after refeeding intervention

1. Alisa Sukhina
2. Clemence Queriault
3. Saptarshi Roy
4. Elise Hall
5. Kelly Rome
6. Muskaan Aggarwal
7. Elizabeth Nunn
8. Ashley Weiss
9. Janet Nguyen
10. F Chris Bennett
11. Will Bailis

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important work advances our understanding of the impact of malnutrition on hematopoiesis and subsequently infection susceptibility. Support for the overall claims is convincing in some respects and incomplete in terms of identifying mechanism as highlighted by reviewers. This work will be of general interest to those in the fields of hematopoiesis, malnutrition, and dietary influence on immunity.

Reviewed by eLife

Epidermal Resident Memory T Cell Fitness Requires Antigen Encounter in the Skin

1. Eric S Weiss
2. Toshiro Hirai
3. Haiyue Li
4. Andrew Liu
5. Shannon Baker
6. Ian Magill
7. Jacob Gillis
8. Youran R Zhang
9. Torben Ramcke
10. Kazuo Kurihara
11. The ImmGen Consortium OpenSource T cell Project
12. David Masopust
13. Niroshana Anandasabapathy
14. Harinder Singh
15. David Zemmour
16. Laura K Mackay
17. Daniel H Kaplan

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  Weiss et al. provide important new insights and convincing evidence to further our mechanistic understanding of how antigen presentation shapes skin persistence of CD8+ TRM. Using a mouse model for inducible genetic ablation of transforming growth factor beta receptor 3 (TGFBR3) in CD8+ T cells, they demonstrate TGFBR3's role in regulating CD8+ TRM persistence in skin. Furthermore, they show that the strength of T cell receptor (TCR) engagement upon initial CD8+ TRM skin seeding has a positive influence on subsequent TRM expansion following a secondary antigen-reencounter. Together, these mechanisms add to our understanding of how the skin CD8+ T cell repertoire is dynamically responsive to topical antigen.

Reviewed by eLife

HIV-specific CD8+ T-cell responses soon after treatment initiation during acute HIV infection are associated with viral reservoir decline

1. Pien M van Paassen
2. Alexander O Pasternak
3. Karel A van Dort
4. Ad C van Nuenen
5. Irma Maurer
6. Brigitte Boeser-Nunnink
7. Ninée VEJ Buchholtz
8. Tokameh Mahmoudi
9. Cynthia Lungu
10. Reinout van Crevel
11. Casper Rokx
12. Jori Symons
13. Monique Nijhuis
14. Annelou van der Veen
15. Liffert Vogt
16. Michelle J Klouwens
17. Jan M Prins
18. Neeltje A Kootstra
19. Godelieve J de Bree

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This valuable paper used a longitudinal cohort of individuals initiating ART to suggest that CD8+ T cells may contribute to the clearance of intact HIV DNA during long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV, which is relevant to our understanding of the mechanisms driving reservoir persistence in people living with HIV. The reviewers concluded that the evidence presented is incomplete to fully support these claims, as the cohort sampling is relatively infrequent, and the association direction could be bi-directional or due to other confounding variables.

Reviewed by eLife

Coenzyme A governs proinflammatory macrophage metabolism

1. Greg. A Timblin
2. Kevin. M Tharp
3. Johanna ten Hoeve
4. Daniel S Kantner
5. Ilayda Baydemir
6. Eric A Noel
7. Chandra Khantwal
8. Pankaj K Singh
9. Joshua N Farahzad
10. Jorge Domínguez-Andrés
11. Russell E Vance
12. Nathaniel W Snyder
13. Valerie M Weaver

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important study looks into the effect of exogenous CoA on the response of TLR4-activated macrophages. Specifically, CoA enhances the LPS response by examining metabolomics, 13C tracing, and assessments of transcription and acetylation. Together, these provide a compelling series of findings that show exogenous CoA is taken up by macrophages, and this facilitates histone acetylation and transcription associated with activation and antimicrobial activity.

Reviewed by eLife