Immunology

IRF2 degradation tunes the innate immune response

1. Cristhian Cadena
2. Rohit Reja
3. Emma Bolech
4. Joshua D. Webster
5. Vasumathi Kameswaran
6. Marco de Simone
7. Cynthia Chen
8. Jian Jiang
9. Kathy Hotzel
10. Kamela Alegre
11. Zhenyu Tan
12. Raymond Newland
13. Ryan Kelly
14. Spyros Darmanis
15. Bence Daniel
16. Ishan Deshpande
17. Kim Newton
18. Nobuhiko Kayagaki
19. Vishva M. Dixit

Reviewed by Arcadia Science

Clonal stochasticity in early NK cell response to mouse cytomegalovirus is generated by mature subsets of varying proliferative ability

1. Darren Wethington
2. Saeed Ahmad
3. Marc Potempa
4. Giuseppe Giuliani
5. Oscar A Aguilar
6. Maheshwor Poudel
7. Simon Grassmann
8. William Stewart
9. Nicholas M Adams
10. Joseph C Sun
11. Lewis L Lanier
12. Jayajit Das

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study combines mathematical models and experimental data to analyse the emergence of heterogeneity within clonal NK cell responses during antigen-specific cell expansion. It comprises different experimental data and extensively explores various mathematical models, to study NK cell turnover during acute immune responses and homeostatic turnover within murine cytomegalovirus infection (MCMV). The solid study presents valuable findings and provides insights on heterogeneous NK cell development

Reviewed by eLife

Epidermal Resident Memory T Cell Fitness Requires Antigen Encounter in the Skin

1. Eric S Weiss
2. Toshiro Hirai
3. Haiyue Li
4. Andrew Liu
5. Shannon Baker
6. Ian Magill
7. Jacob Gillis
8. Youran R Zhang
9. Torben Ramcke
10. Kazuo Kurihara
11. The ImmGen Consortium OpenSource T cell Project
12. David Masopust
13. Niroshana Anandasabapathy
14. Harinder Singh
15. David Zemmour
16. Laura K Mackay
17. Daniel H Kaplan

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This manuscript advances the prior finding that antigen recognition in the skill helps establish skin resident memory in CD8 T cells by elucidating the role of TGFBR3 in regulating CD8+ TRM skin persistence upon topical antigen exposure. Key novelty of the your work lies in generation and use of the CD8+ T cell-specific TGFBR3 knockout model, which allows them to demonstrate the role of TGFBR3 in fine tuning the degree of CD8+ T cell skin persistence and that TGFBR3 expression is promoted by CD8+ TRM encountering their cognate antigen upon initial skin entry. This is an important finding and is supported by convincing evidence. There are concerns about the use of FTY720 and the need to establish active TGFbeta limiting conditions to further test this working model.

Reviewed by eLife

CD4 ⁺ T cells promote fibrosis during metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis

1. Lucía Valenzuela-Pérez
2. Hyun Se Kim Lee
3. Rachel L. Bayer
4. Shravan K. Mishra
5. Alexander M. Washington
6. Qianqian Guo
7. Adam Herman
8. Rondell P. Graham
9. Malaz M. Sidahmed
10. Edward Ssali
11. Adna A. Hassan
12. Ece Janet Dinc
13. Kevin D. Pavelko
14. Gregory J. Gores
15. Patrick Starlinger
16. Xavier S. Revelo
17. Samar H. Ibrahim
18. Enis Kostallari
19. Adebowale O. Bamidele
20. Petra Hirsova

Reviewed by PREreview

Synaptotagmin 1 and Synaptotagmin 7 promote MR1-mediated presentation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens

1. Se-Jin Kim
2. Jessie C Peterson
3. Andrew J Olive
4. Fikadu G Tafesse
5. Corinna A Kulicke
6. Elham Karamooz
7. David M Lewinsohn

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This useful study examines the contribution of synaptotagmin 1 and synaptotagmin 7 to metabolite antigen presentation to mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells; it begins to address a critical gap in our understanding of the antigen presentation mechanisms to these cells. Strengths of the study include the use of Mtb to study the dynamics of antigen presentation to MAIT cells instead of a synthetic antigen. However, the strength of the evidence to support the conclusion is currently incomplete. The conclusions could be enhanced by additional dissection of some of the cell biological events that lead to antigen presentation by MR1.

Reviewed by eLife

The Mac1 ADP-ribosylhydrolase is a therapeutic target for SARS-CoV-2

1. Rahul K Suryawanshi
2. Priyadarshini Jaishankar
3. Galen J Correy
4. Moira M Rachman
5. Patrick C O'Leary
6. Taha Y Taha
7. Yusuke Matsui
8. Francisco J Zapatero-Belinchón
9. Maria McCavitt-Malvido
10. Yagmur U Doruk
11. Maisie GV Stevens
12. Morgan E Diolaiti
13. Manasi P Jogalekar
14. Huadong Chen
15. Alicia L Richards
16. Pornparn Kongpracha
17. Sofia Bali
18. Mauricio Montano
19. Julia Rosecrans
20. Michael Matthay
21. Takaya Togo
22. Ryan L Gonciarz
23. Saumya Gopalkrishnan
24. R Jeffrey Neitz
25. Nevan J Krogan
26. Danielle L Swaney
27. Brian K Shoichet
28. Melanie Ott
29. Adam R Renslo
30. Alan Ashworth
31. James S Fraser

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important study presents the development of a novel inhibitor for SARS-CoV-2 Mac1 that has potential utility both as an antiviral therapeutic and as a tool for probing the molecular mechanisms by which infection-induced ADP-ribosylation triggers robust host antiviral responses. Though minor gaps in understanding the compound's precise molecular mechanism of action and its ability to target Mac1 from other coronaviruses remain, the evidence for its effects on SARS-CoV-2 in relevant biological models is compelling.

Reviewed by eLife

scRNA+TCR-seq reveals the proportion and characteristics of dual TCR Treg cells in mouse lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues

1. Yuanyuan Xu
2. Qi Peng
3. Xiaoping Lu
4. Long Ma
5. Jun Li
6. Xinsheng Yao

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study reanalyzed previously published scRNA-seq and TCR-seq data to examine the proportion and characteristics of dual-TCR-expressing Treg cells in mice, presenting some useful insights into TCR diversity and immune regulation. However, the evidence is incomplete, particularly with respect to data interpretation, statistical rigor, and the functionality of dual -TCR Treg cells. The study is potentially of interest to immunologists studying T-cell biology.

Reviewed by eLife

Shared Immune and Epigenetic Pathways in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Melanoma Immunotherapy: A Cross-Disease Analysis with Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications

1. Basma Shabana
2. Nouraldeen Ali Ramadan
3. Manar Mosad Marey
4. Mervat Mohamed Shaban

Reviewed by PREreview

Type I and type III interferon receptor knockout chickens: Novel models for unraveling interferon dynamics in influenza infection

1. Mohanned Naif Alhussien
2. Hanna-Kaisa Vikkula
3. Romina Klinger
4. Christian Zenner
5. Simon P Früh
6. Rashi Negi
7. Theresa von Heyl
8. Sabrina Schleibinger
9. Milena Brunner
10. Tom VL Berghof
11. Leora Avolio
12. Arne Reich
13. Benjamin Schade
14. Bassel A Abukhadra
15. Silke Rautenschlein
16. Rudolf Preisinger
17. Hicham Sid
18. Benjamin Schusser

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study reports on the development and characterization of chickens with genetic deficiencies in type I or type III interferon receptors, which is an important contribution to the field of avian immunology. The data reflecting the development of the new interferon-receptor-deficient chickens is compelling. However, the characterization of IFN biology and infection responses in these knockout chickens is somewhat incomplete and could be improved by addressing the noted weaknesses.

Reviewed by eLife

Depletion of extracellular asparagine impairs self-reactive T cells and ameliorates autoimmunity in a murine model of multiple sclerosis

1. Peter Georgiev
2. Sheila Johnson
3. Kiran Kurmi
4. Song-Hua Hu
5. SeongJun Han
6. Dillon Patterson
7. Thao H Nguyen
8. Linglin Huang
9. Dan Liang
10. Naomi Goldman
11. Thomas Conway
12. Hannah Creasey
13. Jared Rowe
14. Marcia C Haigis
15. Arlene H Sharpe

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  Non-essential amino acids such as glutamine have been known to be required for T cell general activation through sustaining basic biosynthetic processes, including nucleotide biosynthesis, ATP generation, and protein synthesis. In this important study, the authors found that extracellular asparagine (Asn) is required not only for T cells to generally refuel metabolic reprogramming, but to produce helper T cell lineage-specific cytokine, for instance, IL17. In particular, the importance of Asn in IL17 production was convincingly demonstrated in the mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitei (EAE) model, mimicking human multiple sclerosis disease.

Reviewed by eLife