Immunology

Nora virus proliferates in dividing intestinal stem cells and sensitizes flies to intestinal infection and oxidative stress

1. Adrien Franchet
2. Samantha Haller
3. Miriam Yamba
4. Vincent Barbier
5. Angelica Thomaz-Vieira
6. Vincent Leclerc
7. Stefanie Becker
8. Kwang-Zin Lee
9. Igor Orlov
10. Danièle Spehner
11. Laurent Daeffler
12. Dominique Ferrandon

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important study shows that the Nora virus, a natural Drosophila pathogen that also persistently infects many laboratory fly stocks, infects intestinal stem cells (ISCs), leading to a shorter life span and increased sensitivity to intestinal infection with the Pseudomonas bacterium. The authors provide convincing data to support their conclusions. The paper provides new insights into virus-host interactions in the Drosophila gut and serves as a warning for scientists who use the fruit fly as a model to study gut physiology.

Reviewed by eLife

DHRS7 Integrates NADP ⁺ /NADPH Redox Sensing with Inflammatory Lipid Signalling via the Oxoeicosanoid Pathway

1. Yanan Ma
2. King Lam Hui
3. Yohannes A. Ambaw
4. Tobias C. Walther
5. Robert V. Farese
6. Miklos Lengyel
7. Zaza Gelashvili
8. Dajun Lu
9. Philipp Niethammer

Reviewed by PREreview

The C3-C3aR axis modulates trained immunity in alveolar macrophages

1. Alexander P Earhart
2. Rafael Aponte Alburquerque
3. Marick Starick
4. Aasritha Nallapu
5. Lorena Garnica
6. Ayse Naz Ozanturk
7. Rahul Kumar Maurya
8. Xiaobo Wu
9. Jeffrey A Haspel
10. Hrishikesh S Kulkarni

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study explores how complement protein C3 and its signalling may modulate immune training in alveolar macrophages. The findings are an important contribution to the field of trained immunity. The data presented is mainly solid, but incomplete in parts.

Reviewed by eLife

ImPaqT - A Golden Gate-based Toolkit for Zebrafish Transgenesis

1. Saskia Hurst
2. Christiane Dimmler
3. Mark R Cronan

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study introduces a useful toolkit for zebrafish transgenesis, significantly enhancing the flexibility and efficiency of transgene generation for immunological applications. The authors provide supporting evidence through well-designed experiments, demonstrating the toolkit's utility in generating diverse and functional transgenic lines. While the findings are solid, additional functional validation and broader comparisons to existing systems would strengthen the overall evidence base and ensure broader relevance to the zebrafish field, thereby increasing the significance of the study.

Reviewed by eLife

Sex-dimorphic gene regulation in murine macrophages across niches

1. Cassandra J. McGill
2. Olivia S. White
3. Ryan J. Lu
4. Nirmal K. Sampathkumar
5. Bérénice A. Benayoun

Reviewed by Review Commons

The immunometabolic topography of tuberculosis granulomas governs cellular organization and bacterial control

1. Erin F. McCaffrey
2. Alea C. Delmastro
3. Isobel Fitzhugh
4. Jolene S. Ranek
5. Sarah Douglas
6. Joshua M. Peters
7. Christine Camacho Fullaway
8. Marc Bosse
9. Candace C. Liu
10. Craig Gillen
11. Noah F. Greenwald
12. Sarah Anzick
13. Craig Martens
14. Seth Winfree
15. Yunhao Bai
16. Cameron Sowers
17. Mako Goldston
18. Alex Kong
19. Potchara Boonrat
20. Carolyn L. Bigbee
21. Roopa Venugopalan
22. Pauline Maiello
23. Edwin Klein
24. Mark A. Rodgers
25. Charles A. Scanga
26. Philana Ling Lin
27. Denise Kirschner
28. Sarah Fortune
29. Bryan D. Bryson
30. J. Russell Butler
31. Joshua T. Mattila
32. JoAnne L. Flynn
33. Michael Angelo

Reviewed by PREreview

CXXC-finger protein 1 associates with FOXP3 to stabilize homeostasis and suppressive functions of regulatory T cells

1. Xiaoyu Meng
2. Yezhang Zhu
3. Kuai Liu
4. Yuxi Wang
5. Xiaoqian Liu
6. Chenxin Liu
7. Yan Zeng
8. Shuai Wang
9. Xianzhi Gao
10. Xin Shen
11. Jing Chen
12. Sijue Tao
13. Qianying Xu
14. Linjia Dong
15. Li Shen
16. Lie Wang

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study presents important findings on the role of CXXC-finger protein 1 in regulatory T cell gene regulation and function. The evidence supporting the authors' claims is convincing, with mostly state-of-the-art technology. The work will be of relevance to immunologists interested in regulatory T cell biology and autoimmunity.

Reviewed by eLife

Thrifty wide-context models of B cell receptor somatic hypermutation

1. Kevin Sung
2. Mackenzie M Johnson
3. Will Dumm
4. Noah Simon
5. Hugh Haddox
6. Julia Fukuyama
7. Frederick A Matsen

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study provides an important method to model the statistical biases of hypermutations during the affinity maturation of antibodies. The authors show convincingly that their model outperforms previous methods with fewer parameters; this is made possible by the use of machine learning to expand the context dependence of the mutation bias. They also show that models learned from nonsynonymous mutations and from out-of-frame sequences are different, prompting new questions about germinal center function. Strengths of the study include an open-access tool for using the model, a careful curation of existing datasets, and a rigorous benchmark; it is also shown that current machine-learning methods are currently limited by the availability of data, which explains the only modest gain in model performance afforded by modern machine learning.

Reviewed by eLife

Follicular helper- and peripheral helper-like T cells drive autoimmune disease in human immune system mice

1. Mohsen Khosravi-Maharlooei
2. Andrea Vecchione
3. Nichole Danzl
4. Hao Wei Li
5. Grace Nauman
6. Rachel Madley
7. Elizabeth Waffarn
8. Robert Winchester
9. Amanda Ruiz
10. Xiaolan Ding
11. Georgia Fousteri
12. Megan Sykes

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important study utilizes humanized mice, in which human immune cells are introduced into immune-deficient mice, to provide convincing evidence that two helper CD4 T-cell subsets, T-follicular helper (Tfh) and T-peripheral helper (Tph) cells, are able to drive both autoantibody production and induction of autoimmunity. The work will be of broad interest to medical scientists engaged in deciphering how human immune cells mediate immune responses and contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases.

Reviewed by eLife

Lipid Peroxidation and Type I Interferon Coupling Fuels Pathogenic Macrophage Activation Causing Tuberculosis Susceptibility

1. Shivraj M. Yabaji
2. Vadim Zhernovkov
3. Prasanna Babu Araveti
4. Suruchi Lata
5. Oleksii S. Rukhlenko
6. Salam Al Abdullatif
7. Arthur Vanvalkenburg
8. Yuriy Alekseev
9. Qicheng Ma
10. Gargi Dayama
11. Nelson C. Lau
12. W. Evan Johnson
13. William R. Bishai
14. Nicholas A. Crossland
15. Joshua D. Campbell
16. Boris N. Kholodenko
17. Alexander A. Gimelbrant
18. Lester Kobzik
19. Igor Kramnik

Reviewed by Review Commons