Immunology

Semi-synthetic glycoconjugate vaccine candidate against Cryptococcus neoformans

1. Conor J. Crawford
2. Livia Liporagi-Lopes
3. Carolina Coelho
4. Samuel R. Santos Junior
5. André Moraes Nicola
6. Maggie P. Wear
7. Raghav Vij
8. Stefan Oscarson
9. Arturo Casadevall

Reviewed by Rapid Reviews Infectious Diseases

Broadly inhibitory antibodies to severe malaria virulence proteins

1. Raphael A. Reyes
2. Sai Sundar Rajan Raghavan
3. Nicholas K. Hurlburt
4. Viola Introini
5. Sebastiaan Bol
6. Ikhlaq Hussain Kana
7. Rasmus W. Jensen
8. Elizabeth Martinez-Scholze
9. María Gestal-Mato
10. Borja López-Gutiérrez
11. Silvia Sanz
12. Cristina Bancells
13. Monica Lisa Fernández-Quintero
14. Johannes R. Loeffler
15. James Alexander Ferguson
16. Wen-Hsin Lee
17. Greg Michael Martin
18. Thor G. Theander
19. John P. A. Lusingu
20. Daniel T. R. Minja
21. Isaac Ssewanyana
22. Margaret E. Feeney
23. Bryan Greenhouse
24. Andrew B. Ward
25. Maria Bernabeu
26. Marie Pancera
27. Louise Turner
28. Evelien M. Bunnik
29. Thomas Lavstsen

Reviewed by Rapid Reviews Infectious Diseases

Mast cells promote pathology and susceptibility in tuberculosis

1. Ananya Gupta
2. Vibha Taneja
3. Javier Rangel Moreno
4. Nilofer Naqvi
5. Abhimanyu
6. Yun Tao
7. Mushtaq Ahmed
8. Kuldeep S Chauhan
9. Daniela Trejo-Ponce de León
10. Gustavo Ramírez-Martínez
11. Luis Jiménez-Alvarez
12. Cesar Luna-Rivero
13. Joaquin Zuniga
14. Deepak Kaushal
15. Shabaana A Khader

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  In this useful study, the authors utilize published scRNA-seq data to highlight the potential importance of mast cells (MCs) in TB granulomas, presenting a solid comparative assessment of chymase- and tryptase-expressing MCs in the lungs of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected individuals and non-human primates. While the authors appropriately discussed the inconsistencies across models, adoptive transfer experiments in MC-deficient mice would substantially strengthen the causal link between MCs and TB outcomes, providing more direct functional validation of the proposed role of MCs in TB pathogenesis.

Reviewed by eLife, Arcadia Science

Ly6G+Granulocytes-derived IL-17 limits protective host responses and promotes tuberculosis pathogenesis

1. Priya Sharma
2. Raman Deep Sharma
3. Binayak Sarkar
4. Varnika Panwar
5. Mrinmoy Das
6. Lakshyaveer Singh
7. Neharika Jain
8. Shivam Chaturvedi
9. Lalita Mehra
10. Aditya Rathee
11. Shilpa Sharma
12. Shihui Foo
13. Andrea Lee
14. N Pavan Kumar
15. Prasenjit Das
16. Vijay Viswanathan
17. Hardy Kornfeld
18. Shanshan W Howland
19. Subash Babu
20. Vinay Nandicoori
21. Amit Singhal
22. Dhiraj Kumar

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This valuable study examines the role of IL17-producing Ly6G PMNs as a reservoir for Mycobacterium tuberculosis to evade host killing activated by BCG immunisation. The authors provide solid data reporting that IL17-producing polymorphonuclear neutrophils harbour a significant bacterial load in both wild-type and IFNg-/- mice and that targeting IL17 and Cox2 improved disease outcomes whilst enhancing BCG efficacy. The specific contribution of neutrophil-derived IL-17 to disease pathogenesis remains to be definitively established through direct demonstration of IL-17 production by neutrophils and targeted depletion studies.

Reviewed by eLife

Redirection of SARS-CoV-2 to phagocytes by intranasal sACE2-Fc as a universal decoy confers complete prophylactic protection

1. Jingyi Wang
2. Jiangchuan Li
3. Alex W Chin
4. Bin Luo
5. Junkang Wei
6. Jiale Qiu
7. Jianwei Ren
8. Yin Xia
9. Thomas Braun
10. Leo LM Poon
11. Bo Feng

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This manuscript presents a valuable antiviral approach using an engineered ACE2-Fc fusion protein that demonstrates broad-spectrum neutralization capacity against SARS-CoV-2 variants and achieves significant prophylactic protection in animal models through a novel Fc-mediated phagocytosis mechanism. The study provides convincing evidence for protective efficacy through rigorous in vivo validation in mice, mechanistic characterization via biodistribution studies and macrophage depletion assays, and demonstration of antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis as the primary clearance mechanism. However, there are some gaps that require attention, including the need for comparison with a previously reported ACE2 decamer, inclusion of control molecules, insufficient discussion of potential limitations such as off-target binding and immunogenicity risks, and lack of clarity regarding certain methodological aspects.

Reviewed by eLife

Bivalent mRNA booster encoding virus-like particles elicits potent polyclass RBD antibodies in pre-vaccinated mice

1. Chengcheng Fan
2. Alexander A Cohen
3. Kim-Marie A Dam
4. Annie V Rorick
5. Ange-Célia I Priso Fils
6. Zhi Yang
7. Priyanthi NP Gnanapragasam
8. Luisa N Segovia
9. Kathryn E Huey-Tubman
10. Woohyun J Moon
11. Paulo JC Lin
12. Pamela J Bjorkman
13. Magnus AG Hoffmann

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This report provides useful evidence that EABR mRNA is at least as effective as standard S mRNA vaccines for the SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccine. Although the methodology and the experimental approaches are solid, the inconsistent statistical significance throughout the study presents limitations in interpreting the results. Also, the absence of results showing possible mechanisms underlying the lack of benefit with EABR in the pre-immune makes the findings mostly observational.

Reviewed by eLife

Immunoglobulin M regulates airway hyperresponsiveness independent of T helper 2 allergic inflammation

1. Sabelo Hadebe
2. Anca Flavia Savulescu
3. Jermaine Khumalo
4. Katelyn Jones
5. Sandisiwe Mangali
6. Nontobeko Mthembu
7. Fungai Musaigwa
8. Welcome Maepa
9. Hlumani Ndlovu
10. Amkele Ngomti
11. Martyna Scibiorek
12. Javan Okendo
13. Frank Brombacher

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important study demonstrates a reduction in airway hyperresponsiveness (one of the mechanisms of allergic asthma) in the absence of IgM in a house dust mite-induced mouse model of allergic asthma. While this result suggests a new mechanistic role for IgM, the proposed new function is not as yet robustly supported by the current experiments and thus the evidence remains incomplete. A connection between the findings and human disease is not established so far, but the study will be interest to clinical immunologists.

Reviewed by eLife

Male-Biased Cyp17a2 Governs Antiviral Sexual Dimorphism in Fish via STING Stabilization and Viral Protein Degradation

1. Long-Feng Lu
2. Bao-jie Cui
3. Sheng-Chi Shi
4. Yang-Yang Wang
5. Can Zhang
6. Xiao Xu
7. Meng-Ze Tian
8. Zhen-Qi Li
9. Na Xu
10. Zhuo-Cong Li
11. Dan-Dan Chen
12. Li Zhou
13. Gang Zhai
14. Zhan Yin
15. Shun Li

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This valuable study describes an interesting infection phenotype that differs between adult male and female zebrafish. The authors present data indicating that male-biased expression of Cyp17a2 mediates viral infection through STING and USP8 activity regulation. The authors present solid evidence linking this factor to direct and indirect antiviral outcomes through ubiquitination pathways. These findings raise interesting questions about immune mechanisms that underlie sex dimorphism and the selective pressures that might shape it.

Reviewed by eLife

The Impact of Malaria-Induced Neutrophil Subset Shift and a Link to Burkitt Lymphoma

1. Sharon Akinyi
2. Ronald K. Tonui
3. Titus K. Maina
4. Eddy Agwati
5. Cliff I. Oduor
6. Festus M. Njuguna
7. Kibet K. Keitany
8. Daniel Chepsiror
9. Cyrus Ayieko
10. Ann Moormann
11. Ann W. Kinyua
12. Catherine S. Forconi

Reviewed by PREreview

NK cells undergo transcriptional and functional reprogramming following Streptococcus pneumoniae infection

1. Júlia Torné
2. Claudia Chica
3. Tiphaine Camarasa
4. Bernd Jagla
5. Matilde Diaz Enes
6. Aymeric Zellner
7. Sébastien Mella
8. Valentina Libri
9. Mélanie Anne Hamon

Reviewed by PREreview