Immunology

DNA damage signaling in Drosophila macrophages modulates systemic cytokine levels in response to oxidative stress

1. Fabian Hersperger
2. Tim Meyring
3. Pia Weber
4. Chintan Chhatbar
5. Gianni Monaco
6. Marc S Dionne
7. Katrin Paeschke
8. Marco Prinz
9. Olaf Groß
10. Anne-Kathrin Classen
11. Katrin Kierdorf

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study elucidates the role of a specific hemocyte subpopulation in oxidative damage response by establishing connections between DNA damage response and the JNK-JAK/STAT axis to regulate energy metabolism. The identification of this distinct hemocyte subpopulation through single-cell RNA sequencing analysis and the finding of hemocytes that respond to oxidative stress are important. The method for single-cell RNA sequencing and related analyses are convincing and experiments linking oxidative stress to DNA damage and energy expenditure are solid. The finding of stress-responsive immune cells capable of influencing whole-body metabolism adds insights for cell biologists and developmental biologists in the fields of immunology and metabolism.

Reviewed by eLife

Commensal bacteria maintain a Qa-1b-restricted unconventional CD8+ T population in gut epithelium

1. Jian Guan
2. J David Peske
3. Michael Manoharan Valerio
4. Chansu Park
5. Ellen A Robey
6. Scheherazade Sadegh-Nasseri

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This is an important study that investigates the role of commensal microbes and molecules in the antigen presentation pathway affecting the development and phenotype of an unusual population of T lymphocytes. The authors provide compelling evidence to identify a population of unconventional T cells that exist in the small intestinal epithelium, which appear to depend on commensal microbes, and show that a single commensal microbe (that encodes an antigen capable of weakly stimulating these cells) is sufficient to maintain this T cell population.

Reviewed by eLife

WASP facilitates tumor mechanosensitivity in T lymphocytes

1. Srishti Mandal
2. Mariane Melo
3. Pavlo Gordiichuk
4. Sayanti Acharya
5. Yeh-Chuin Poh
6. Na Li
7. Aereas Aung
8. Eric L. Dane
9. Darrell J. Irvine
10. Sudha Kumari

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This valuable study employs a diverse array of techniques encompassing cell biological manipulations, biophysical measurements, and mouse models to elucidate the impact of target cell stiffness on CD8+ cytotoxic T cell activation, with a particular focus on the actin nucleator protein WASP. The finding that WASP is essential for the stiffness-dependent phosphorylation of ZAP70 in CD8 T cells is convincing. However, the data regarding the role of WASP in mechanosensing within CD8 T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity is incomplete and would benefit from a more rigorous study design. This work would be of interest to cell biologists and investigators studying mechanosensing within the immune system.

Reviewed by eLife

Pulsed ultrasound promotes secretion of anti-inflammatory extracellular vesicles from skeletal myotubes via elevation of intracellular calcium level

1. Atomu Yamaguchi
2. Noriaki Maeshige
3. Hikari Noguchi
4. Jiawei Yan
5. Xiaoqi Ma
6. Mikiko Uemura
7. Dongming Su
8. Hiroyo Kondo
9. Kristopher Sarosiek
10. Hidemi Fujino

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study illuminates the effects of ultrasound-induced extracellular vesicle interactions with macrophages. It provides solid data offering insights that will be potentially useful in exploring therapeutic approaches to inflammation modulation, by suggesting that ultrasound-treated myotube vesicles can suppress macrophage inflammatory responses.

Reviewed by eLife

Molecular features underlying differential SHP1/SHP2 binding of immune checkpoint receptors

1. Xiaozheng Xu
2. Takeya Masubuchi
3. Qixu Cai
4. Yunlong Zhao
5. Enfu Hui

Reviewed by Review Commons

Catalytic activity and autoprocessing of murine caspase-11 mediate noncanonical inflammasome assembly in response to cytosolic LPS

1. Daniel C Akuma
2. Kimberly A Wodzanowski
3. Ronit Schwartz Wertman
4. Patrick M Exconde
5. Víctor R Vázquez Marrero
6. Chukwuma E Odunze
7. Daniel Grubaugh
8. Sunny Shin
9. Cornelius Taabazuing
10. Igor E Brodsky

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  Brodsky and colleagues report here an unexpected cis-activation mechanism of caspase-11. The authors use cellular imaging methods and cleavage site mutants to show that the LPS-induced speck formation by caspase-11 depends on the autoprocessing between two subdomains. This new finding opens multiple doors for further investigating how this non-canonical inflammasome is regulated and activated at the molecular level.

Reviewed by eLife

Fatty acid synthesis promotes inflammasome activation through NLRP3 palmitoylation

1. Stuart Leishman
2. Najd M. Aljadeed
3. Liyunhe Qian
4. Shamshad Cockcroft
5. Jacques Behmoaras
6. Paras K. Anand

Reviewed by Arcadia Science

Concurrent Administration of COVID-19 and Influenza Vaccines Enhances Spike-Specific Antibody Responses

1. Susanna E Barouch
2. Taras M Chicz
3. Ross Blanc
4. Domenic R Barbati
5. Lily J Parker
6. Xin Tong
7. Wenjun Li
8. Ryan P McNamara

Reviewed by PREreview

Sustained store-operated calcium entry utilizing activated chromatin state leads to instability in iTregs

1. Huiyun Lyu
2. Guohua Yuan
3. Xinyi Liu
4. Xiaobo Wang
5. Shuang Geng
6. Tie Xia
7. Xuyu Zhou
8. Yinqing Li
9. Xiaoyu Hu
10. Yan Shi

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study presents the valuable finding that sustained calcium signaling in induced-Treg (iTreg) cells can lead to the loss of Foxp3 expression and iTreg identity by altering the chromatin landscape. The evidence supporting the claims of the authors is convincing. The work will be of interest to immunologists working on Treg cell therapy.

Reviewed by eLife

Apoptotic signaling clears engineered Salmonella in an organ-specific manner

1. Taylor J Abele
2. Zachary P Billman
3. Lupeng Li
4. Carissa K Harvest
5. Alexia K Bryan
6. Gabrielle R Magalski
7. Joseph P Lopez
8. Heather N Larson
9. Xiao-Ming Yin
10. Edward A Miao

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  Host cell death is an effective strategy to protect against infection, and is believed to function primarily by the elimination of the intracellular niche for pathogen replication. Abele and colleagues address an important question: does the mode of cell death affect its effectiveness in pathogen clearance? Consistent with prior observations, the authors provide compelling new evidence that the answer can depend on the cell type and/or tissue involved.

Reviewed by eLife