Immunology

T-follicular helper cell profiles differ by malaria antigen and for children compared to adults

1. Catherine Suzanne Forconi
2. Christina Nixon
3. Hannah W Wu
4. Boaz Odwar
5. Sunthorn Pond-Tor
6. John M Ong'echa
7. Jonathan D Kurtis
8. Ann M Moormann

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This descriptive study used multiparameter spectral flow cytometry and clustering analysis of a subset of CD4 T cells, termed circulating T follicular helper (cTfh), responding to Plasmodium falciparum antigens, PfSEA -1A and PfGARP. The results from this comprehensive study provide valuable information regarding differences in cTfh response profiles between children and adults living in malaria-endemic Kenya and thus offer a potential usefulness towards improving choices of antigen candidates for malaria vaccines. However, the analysis and interpretation of antigen-specific CD4 cTfh responses remain incomplete.

Reviewed by eLife

Temporal dynamics of viral fitness and the adaptive immune response in HCV infection

1. Melanie Rose Walker
2. Preston Leung
3. Elizabeth Keoshkerian
4. Mehdi R Pirozyan
5. Andrew Lloyd
6. Fabio Luciani
7. Rowena A Bull

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  The authors examined the evolution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in a cohort of 14 subjects with recent HCV infections. They showed that viral fitness declines as the virus mutates to escape the immune response and can rebound later in infection as HCV accumulates additional mutations. The study contributes to an important aspect of viral evolution. The combination of approaches contributes to a convincing study.

Reviewed by eLife

A host enzyme reduces metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) by inactivating intestinal lipopolysaccharide

1. Zhiyan Wang
2. Nore Ojogun
3. Yiling Liu
4. Lu Gan
5. Zeling Xiao
6. Jintao Feng
7. Wei Jiang
8. Yeying Chen
9. Benkun Zou
10. ChengYun Yu
11. Changshun Li
12. Asha Ashuo
13. Xiaobo Li
14. Mingsheng Fu
15. Jian Wu
16. Yiwei Chu
17. Robert S Munford
18. Mingfang Lu

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important study highlights the key role of the gut-liver axis mediated by LPS in causing hepatic steatosis. The authors provide solid evidence, in vivo, in vitro, and in silico, for the role of acyloxyacyl hydrolase in mediating this effect using KO mice subjected to MASD-inducing diets. The findings are significant for the liver research community and others interested in the gut-liver axis.

Reviewed by eLife

Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies arise during affinity maturation of germline antibodies to carbamylated proteins in rheumatoid arthritis

1. Marta Escarra-Senmarti
2. Michael Chungyoun
3. Dylan Ferris
4. Jeffrey J. Gray
5. Felipe Andrade

Reviewed by Arcadia Science

DHRS7 Integrates NADP ⁺ /NADPH Redox Sensing with Inflammatory Lipid Signalling via the Oxoeicosanoid Pathway

1. Yanan Ma
2. King Lam Hui
3. Yohannes A. Ambaw
4. Tobias C. Walther
5. Robert V. Farese
6. Miklos Lengyel
7. Zaza Gelashvili
8. Dajun Lu
9. Philipp Niethammer

Reviewed by PREreview

The C3-C3aR axis modulates trained immunity in alveolar macrophages

1. Alexander P Earhart
2. Rafael Aponte Alburquerque
3. Marick Starick
4. Aasritha Nallapu
5. Lorena Garnica
6. Ayse Naz Ozanturk
7. Rahul Kumar Maurya
8. Xiaobo Wu
9. Jeffrey A Haspel
10. Hrishikesh S Kulkarni

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study explores how complement protein C3 and its signalling may modulate immune training in alveolar macrophages. The findings are an important contribution to the field of trained immunity. The data presented is mainly solid, but incomplete in parts.

Reviewed by eLife

Sex‐dimorphic gene regulation in murine macrophages across niches

1. Cassandra J McGill
2. Olivia S White
3. Ryan J Lu
4. Nirmal K Sampathkumar
5. Bérénice A Benayoun

Reviewed by Review Commons

CXXC-finger protein 1 associates with FOXP3 to stabilize homeostasis and suppressive functions of regulatory T cells

1. Xiaoyu Meng
2. Yezhang Zhu
3. Kuai Liu
4. Yuxi Wang
5. Xiaoqian Liu
6. Chenxin Liu
7. Yan Zeng
8. Shuai Wang
9. Xianzhi Gao
10. Xin Shen
11. Jing Chen
12. Sijue Tao
13. Qianying Xu
14. Linjia Dong
15. Li Shen
16. Lie Wang

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study presents important findings on the role of CXXC-finger protein 1 in regulatory T cell gene regulation and function. The evidence supporting the authors' claims is convincing, with mostly state-of-the-art technology. The work will be of relevance to immunologists interested in regulatory T cell biology and autoimmunity.

Reviewed by eLife

Follicular helper- and peripheral helper-like T cells drive autoimmune disease in human immune system mice

1. Mohsen Khosravi-Maharlooei
2. Andrea Vecchione
3. Nichole Danzl
4. Hao Wei Li
5. Grace Nauman
6. Rachel Madley
7. Elizabeth Waffarn
8. Robert Winchester
9. Amanda Ruiz
10. Xiaolan Ding
11. Georgia Fousteri
12. Megan Sykes

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important study utilizes humanized mice, in which human immune cells are introduced into immune-deficient mice, to provide convincing evidence that two helper CD4 T-cell subsets, T-follicular helper (Tfh) and T-peripheral helper (Tph) cells, are able to drive both autoantibody production and induction of autoimmunity. The work will be of broad interest to medical scientists engaged in deciphering how human immune cells mediate immune responses and contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases.

Reviewed by eLife

The antigenic landscape of N1 neuraminidase in human influenza A virus strains isolated between 2009 and 2020

1. João Paulo Portela Catani
2. Anouk Smet
3. Tine Ysenbaert
4. Laura Amelinck
5. Yvonne Chan
6. Dan Tadmor
7. Philip Davidson
8. Satyajit Ray
9. Eric Camire
10. Liqun Han
11. Jianxin Zhang
12. Guadalupe Cortés
13. Katherine Roebke
14. Bianca Baum
15. John Hamberger
16. Maryann Giel-Moloney
17. Xavier Saelens
18. Thorsten U Vogel

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  Catani and colleagues provide data on antigenic properties of neuraminidase proteins of pandemic H1N1 and show that antigenic diversity of the neuraminidase from 2009 to 2020 largely falls into two groups. These antigenic groups map to two phylogenetic groups, and substitutions at positions 432 and 321 are likely associated with the antigenic change. These data and results allow useful insights into the antigenic properties of N1 influenza and the evidence supporting the conclusions is solid.

Reviewed by eLife