Immunology

A humoral immune response to parasitoid wasps in Drosophila is regulated by JAK/STAT, NF-κB and GATA

1. Shuyu Olivia Zhou
2. Jonathan P Day
3. Bart Deplancke
4. Alexandre B Leitão
5. Francis M Jiggins

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This valuable study reports an extensive analysis of the way a humoral immune response to parasitoid wasp is expressed and regulated, building on previous work from the authors on an anti-parasitoid effector lectin. The solid evidence uses two complementary approaches to show which innate immune pathways are involved in the regulation of the anti-parasitoid response. The evidence would be stronger if some analytical and related concerns can be addressed. The work will be of relevance to the community of investigators studying insect immune cells as well as researchers interested in host defense against parasitism.

Reviewed by eLife

Use of equine H3N8 hemagglutinin as a broadly protective influenza vaccine immunogen

1. David Verhoeven
2. Brett A. Sponseller
3. James E. Crowe
4. Sandhya Bangaru
5. Richard J. Webby
6. Brian Lee

Reviewed by PREreview

Human airway macrophages are metabolically reprogrammed by IFN-γ resulting in glycolysis-dependent functional plasticity

1. Donal J Cox
2. Sarah A Connolly
3. Cilian Ó Maoldomhnaigh
4. Aenea AI Brugman
5. Olivia Sandby Thomas
6. Emily Duffin
7. Karl M Gogan
8. Oisin Ó Gallchobhair
9. Dearbhla M Murphy
10. Sinead A O'Rourke
11. Finbarr O'Connell
12. Parthiban Nadarajan
13. James J Phelan
14. Laura E Gleeson
15. Sharee A Basdeo
16. Joseph Keane

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  In this valuable study, the authors investigate how inflammatory priming and exposure to irradiated Mycobacterium tuberculosis or the bacterial endotoxin LPS impact the metabolism of primary human airway macrophages and monocyte-derived macrophages. The work shows that metabolic plasticity is greater in monocyte-derived macrophages than alveolar macrophages, with solid experimental methods and overall evidence. The findings are relevant to the field of immunometabolism.

Reviewed by eLife

Ly6G+Granulocytes-derived IL-17 limits protective host responses and promotes tuberculosis pathogenesis

1. Priya Sharma
2. Raman Deep Sharma
3. Mrinmoy Das
4. Binayak Sarkar
5. Lakshyaveer Singh
6. Neharika Jain
7. Shivam Chaturvedi
8. Lalita Mehra
9. Aditya Rathee
10. Shilpa Sharma
11. Shihui Foo
12. Andrea Lee
13. N Pavan kumar
14. Prasenjit Das
15. Vijay Viswanathan
16. Hardy Kornfeld
17. Shanshan W Howland
18. Subash Babu
19. Vinay Nandicoori
20. Amit Singhal
21. Dhiraj Kumar

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This potentially valuable study examines the role of IL17-producing Ly6G PMNs as a reservoir for Mycobacterium tuberculosis to evade host killing activated by BCG immunisation. The authors report that IL17-producing polymorphonuclear neutrophils harbour a significant bacterial load in both wild-type and IFNg-/- mice and that targeting IL17 and Cox2 improved disease outcomes whilst enhancing BCG efficacy. Although the authors suggest that targeting these pathways may improve disease outcomes in humans, the evidence as it stands is incomplete and requires additional experimentation for the study to realise its full impact.

Reviewed by eLife

A novel bioinformatics pipeline for the identification of immune inhibitory receptors as potential therapeutic targets

1. Akashdip Singh
2. Alberto Miranda Bedate
3. Helen J von Richthofen
4. Saskia V Vijver
5. Michiel van der Vlist
6. Raphael Kuhn
7. Alexander Yermanos
8. Jürgen J Kuball
9. Can Kesmir
10. M Ines Pascoal Ramos
11. Linde Meyaard

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  The authors presented a valuable bioinformatics pipeline for screening and identifying inhibitory receptors for potential drug targets. They provided solid evidence showing a sequential reduction in the search space through various screening tools and algorithms and demonstrated that this pipeline can be used to "rediscover" known targets. Further experimental validation on putative and unknown inhibitory receptors will strengthen the evidence reported in this work. This study will be of interest to bioinformaticians and computational biologists working on immune regulation, sequence screening, and target identification of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Reviewed by eLife

Chemokine expression profile of an innate granuloma

1. Megan E Amason
2. Cole J Beatty
3. Carissa K Harvest
4. Daniel R Saban
5. Edward A Miao

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This valuable study advances the understanding of granuloma formation by identifying a key chemokine receptors in containing infection by a specific species of bacteria. The evidence supporting this is solid, providing a spatial transcriptomic dataset spanning granuloma formation and resolution by a specific species of bacteria. The work should be of interest to microbiologists and immunologists.

Reviewed by eLife

Cell state and transcription factor modulation during extended ex vivo CD8 ⁺ T-cell expansion

1. Yuan Lui
2. Edward Jenkins
3. Emily Zhi Qing Ng
4. Mateusz Kotowski
5. Sydney J Mullin
6. Joseph Clarke
7. Simon J Davis
8. Ana Mafalda Santos
9. Sumana Sharma

Reviewed by PREreview

Resting natural killer cells promote the progress of colon cancer liver metastasis by elevating tumor-derived stem cell factor

1. Chenchen Mao
2. Yanyu Chen
3. Dong Xing
4. Teming Zhang
5. Yangxuan Lin
6. Cong Long
7. Jiaye Yu
8. Yunhui Luo
9. Tao Ming
10. Wangkai Xie
11. Zheng Han
12. Dianfeng Mei
13. Dan Xiang
14. Mingdong Lu
15. Xian Shen
16. Xiangyang Xue

Reviewed by eLife

Exposure to live saprophytic Leptospira before challenge with a pathogenic serovar prevents severe leptospirosis and promotes kidney homeostasis

1. Suman Kundu
2. Advait Shetty
3. Maria Gomes-Solecki

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This important study contributes to our understanding on how prior exposure to a non-pathogenic Leptospira strain could prime the host to prevent severe leptospirosis following infection with a pathogenic strain. The work described is solid and broadly supports the claims, with minor weaknesses that could be addressed in future studies. The work will be of interest to scientists interested in host-pathogen interactions and leptospirosis.

Reviewed by eLife

Target-agnostic identification of human antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum sexual forms reveals cross-stage recognition of glutamate-rich repeats

1. Axelle Amen
2. Randy Yoo
3. Amanda Fabra-García
4. Judith Bolscher
5. William JR Stone
6. Isabelle Bally
7. Sebastián Dergan-Dylon
8. Iga Kucharska
9. Roos M de Jong
10. Marloes de Bruijni
11. Teun Bousema
12. C Richter King
13. Randall S MacGill
14. Robert W Sauerwein
15. Jean-Philippe Julien
16. Pascal Poignard
17. Matthijs M Jore

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study reports important results and new insights into humoral immune responses to Plasmodium falciparum sexual stage proteins. The experiments are based on the use of target-agnostic memory B cell sorting and screening approaches as well as several state-of-the-art technologies. The authors present compelling evidence that one antibody, B1E11K, is cross-reactive with multiple proteins containing glutamate-rich repeats through homotypic interactions, a process similar to what has been observed for Plasmodium circumsporozoite protein repeat-directed antibodies.

Reviewed by eLife