eLife

Latest preprint reviews

1. IRAK1-dependent Regnase-1-14-3-3 complex formation controls Regnase-1-mediated mRNA decay

   This article has 10 authors:

   1. Kotaro Akaki
   2. Kosuke Ogata
   3. Yuhei Yamauchi
   4. Noriki Iwai
   5. Ka Man Tse
   6. Fabian Hia
   7. Atsushi Mochizuki
   8. Yasushi Ishihama
   9. Takashi Mino
   10. Osamu Takeuchi

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     Evaluation Summary:

     This is an important study that describes a new mechanism by which Regnase-1 is inhibited upon immune activation, which mediates the efficient synthesis of inflammatory mediators whose mRNAs are normally degraded by Regnase-1. The interaction with 14-3-3 presented here was not known before. This provides an alternative mechanism by which inflammatory mRNAs are upregulated by inhibiting degradation via Regnase-1.

     (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

   Reviewed by eLife

2. Determinants shaping the nanoscale architecture of the mouse rod outer segment

   This article has 6 authors:

   1. Matthias Pöge
   2. Julia Mahamid
   3. Sanae S Imanishi
   4. Jürgen M Plitzko
   5. Krzysztof Palczewski
   6. Wolfgang Baumeister

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     Evaluation Summary:

     Pöge at al. present a study of the rod outer segment (ROS). These are specialised cilia of rod photoreceptor cells, essential for sensing light cues and initiating the vision process. The authors apply cryo-FIB milling to generate highly preserved rod samples and report high-quality cryo-tomographic data providing new insights into the ultrastructure of the ROS. The work reveals potential molecular scaffolds both in the lumen of the membrane stacks and on the surface of the stack providing the structural basis for ROS crucial ordered ultrastructure. The data presented here will be highly valuable for the field of phototransduction.

     (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

   Reviewed by eLife

3. Exposure to landscape fire smoke reduced birthweight in low- and middle-income countries: findings from a siblings-matched case-control study

   This article has 8 authors:

   1. Jiajianghui Li
   2. Tianjia Guan
   3. Qian Guo
   4. Guannan Geng
   5. Huiyu Wang
   6. Fuyu Guo
   7. Jiwei Li
   8. Tao Xue

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     Evaluation Summary:

     This paper reports the results of an analysis of the association between maternal exposure to landscape fire smoke during pregnancy and low birthweight of the offspring. Given the increasing number, intensity, and duration of landscape fires across the globe as well as the impact of low birthweight on public health, the manuscript will be of interest to both scientists and policymakers. The size of the study population drawn from 54 low and middle-income countries makes the paper an important contribution to the literature on the adverse health effects of biomass fire smoke.

     (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

   Reviewed by eLife

4. Development and genetics of red coloration in the zebrafish relative Danio albolineatus

   This article has 6 authors:

   1. Delai Huang
   2. Victor M Lewis
   3. Tarah N Foster
   4. Matthew B Toomey
   5. Joseph C Corbo
   6. David M Parichy

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     Evaluation Summary:

     Huang et al. address an intriguing question of pigment cell diversification in vertebrates, namely what is the relationship between (yellow) xanthophores and (red) erythrophores. Their data point to a very close relationship between the two cell types, consistent with the view that they are similar cell types differing principally in the details of their pigment biochemistry. The paper will be of interest to scientists across across a range of the many disciplines within pigmentary biology, including developmental biologists, evolutionary biologists, and those who study the chemistry of pigmentation.

     (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

   Reviewed by eLife

5. Neuronal activity in dorsal anterior cingulate cortex during economic choices under variable action costs

   This article has 2 authors:

   1. Xinying Cai
   2. Camillo Padoa-Schioppa

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     Evaluation Summary:

     This manuscript examines how effort is integrated into economic decisions by recording neural activity from the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in monkeys, while requiring animals to choose between different juice types offered in variable amounts and with different action costs. The ACC is a relevant area because some theories have suggested it is important for evaluating or selecting among potential actions during decision-making, although evidence supporting this idea has been inconsistent. The main results provide evidence against the notion that ACC contributes to evaluation of potential actions. Instead, neurons predominantly coded for post-decision variables, such as cost of the chosen target and the juice type of the chosen offer, but not pre-decision variables, such as offer values. This is in contrast to OFC encoding in the same task (and same subjects), in which neurons encoded the effort associated with choice options. The authors conclude that ACC is unique in representing more post-decision variables than OFC, and in its encoding of outcomes in several reference frames (chosen juice, chosen cost, and chosen action). Together, the results are convincing and highlight potentially unique roles of ACC neurons in learning and decision making.

     (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #2 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

   Reviewed by eLife

6. Neurotoxin-mediated potent activation of the axon degeneration regulator SARM1

   This article has 17 authors:

   1. Andrea Loreto
   2. Carlo Angeletti
   3. Weixi Gu
   4. Andrew Osborne
   5. Bart Nieuwenhuis
   6. Jonathan Gilley
   7. Elisa Merlini
   8. Peter Arthur-Farraj
   9. Adolfo Amici
   10. Zhenyao Luo
   11. Lauren Hartley-Tassell
   12. Thomas Ve
   13. Laura M Desrochers
   14. Qi Wang
   15. Bostjan Kobe
   16. Giuseppe Orsomando
   17. Michael P Coleman

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     Evaluation Summary:

     This paper explores the mechanism of vacor toxicity in neurons. The authors provide exciting and definitive data that vacor drives neurodegeneration by direct binding and activation of SARM1, a potent regulator of axon death. The work elucidates the vacor mechanism of action, provides strong in vitro and in vivo data that toxicity is entirely dependent on SARM1, and will advance the field in terms of how we understand vacor-induced toxicity, and provides a new model for testing anti-SARM1 therapeutics.

     (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #2 and Reviewer #3 agreed to share their names with the authors.)

   Reviewed by eLife

7. Aminoglycoside Antibiotics Inhibit Phage Infection by Blocking an Early Step of the Infection Cycle

   This article has 11 authors:

   1. Larissa Kever
   2. Aël Hardy
   3. Tom Luthe
   4. Max Hünnefeld
   5. Cornelia Gätgens
   6. Lars Milke
   7. Johanna Wiechert
   8. Johannes Wittmann
   9. Cristina Moraru
   10. Jan Marienhagen
   11. Julia Frunzke

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     Evaluation Summary:

     Earlier work demonstrated the inhibition of phage infection by aminoglycosides in Mycobacteria. Following up on this prior work, the authors demonstrate that the acetylated form of apramycin retains its anti-phage activity while blocking its antibacterial activity. The authors observed that MgCl abrogated the anti-phage effects of aminoglycosides and that MgCl can inhibit aminoglycoside uptake leading to the conclusion that antibiotic uptake was likely important for the anti-phage effects. Consistent with this conclusion, the initial stages of phage infection (adsorption and DNA injection) were not impacted by the antibiotics.

     (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

   Reviewed by eLife

8. Developmental stage-specific spontaneous activity contributes to callosal axon projections

   This article has 5 authors:

   1. Yuta Tezuka
   2. Kenta M Hagihara
   3. Kenichi Ohki
   4. Tomoo Hirano
   5. Yoshiaki Tagawa

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     Evaluation Summary:

     The manuscript adds to an emerging story about the role of activity in the formation of callosal connections across the brain. Previous research of the authors' and other labs had shown that overexpressing the potassium channel Kir2.1, which reduces activity levels in the developing cortical network, blocks the formation of callosal connections almost entirely. Here, the authors show that they can use a TET system to switch off the activity of an Kir2.1 to probe when activity might be necessary or sufficient for the formation of callosal connections. The authors find that artificial restoration of activity with DREADS is sufficient to rescue the formation of callosal connections, and that there is a critical period (somewhere between P5-P15) where activity must occur in order for the connections to form within the cortex. Finally, the authors show that when the potassium channel is removed during the critical period, the cortex exhibits activity, but few highly synchronous events. These results indicate that it is activity in general and not specifically highly synchronous activity that is necessary for the final innervation of the callosal cortex.

     (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 and Reviewer #2 agreed to share their names with the authors.)

   Reviewed by eLife

9. Growth-dependent signals drive an increase in early G1 cyclin concentration to link cell cycle entry with cell growth

   This article has 4 authors:

   1. Robert A Sommer
   2. Jerry T DeWitt
   3. Raymond Tan
   4. Douglas R Kellogg

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     Evaluation Summary:

     This paper examines how cells control their size and will be interesting to scientists studying sizing mechanisms throughout biology. Using yeast cells as a model system, the authors show that an activator of the cell division cycle accumulates as cells grow until a threshold level of activator is achieved. The experiments are performed well, and the high-quality data will be useful for others in the field studying this signaling pathway.

     (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

   Reviewed by eLife

10. Lactate is an energy substrate for rodent cortical neurons and enhances their firing activity

    This article has 18 authors:

    1. Anastassios Karagiannis
    2. Thierry Gallopin
    3. Alexandre Lacroix
    4. Fabrice Plaisier
    5. Juliette Piquet
    6. Hélène Geoffroy
    7. Régine Hepp
    8. Jérémie Naudé
    9. Benjamin Le Gac
    10. Richard Egger
    11. Bertrand Lambolez
    12. Dongdong Li
    13. Jean Rossier
    14. Jochen F Staiger
    15. Hiromi Imamura
    16. Susumu Seino
    17. Jochen Roeper
    18. Bruno Cauli

    This article has been curated by 1 group:

    • Curated by eLife

      Evaluation Summary:

      This is a rigorous study that confirms the existence of functional KATP and dominant oxidative metabolism in several types of juvenile somatosensory cortical neurons. The authors present multiple lines of experimental results examining the effects of lactate on neocortical neuron types. They also report a mechanism by which lactate is likely to enhance neuronal firing. The data is convincing in supporting the conclusions in the manuscript.

      (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

    Reviewed by eLife