eLife

Latest preprint reviews

1. Neurovascular anatomy of dwarf dinosaur implies precociality in sauropods

   This article has 5 authors:

   1. Marco Schade
   2. Nils Knötschke
   3. Marie K Hörnig
   4. Carina Paetzel
   5. Sebastian Stumpf

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     eLife assessment

     This paper describes the anatomy of important fossil remains of the dwarf dinosaur Europasaurus, providing compelling evidence for precociality. Only a handful of papers provide detailed information on sauropod neuroanatomy - as such this paper will be of interest to a relatively wide range of researchers, in particular vertebrate palaeontologists, and comparative anatomists.

   Reviewed by eLife

2. Nanobodies combined with DNA-PAINT super-resolution reveal a staggered titin nanoarchitecture in flight muscles

   This article has 8 authors:

   1. Florian Schueder
   2. Pierre Mangeol
   3. Eunice HoYee Chan
   4. Renate Rees
   5. Jürgen Schünemann
   6. Ralf Jungmann
   7. Dirk Görlich
   8. Frank Schnorrer

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     eLife assessment

     The manuscript is of broad interest in the field of muscle physiology and structure. The authors developed nanobodies against different domains of the giant Drosophila proteins Sallimus and Projectin, which are titin homologs, and used them to define their organization along sarcomeres of distinct fly muscles. This is an important contribution to understand the functional architecture of the muscle; it suggests that in invertebrates two proteins fulfil the role of the vertebrate titin in bridging the A-band and the I-band.

     This manuscript was co-submitted with: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.04.13.488177v1

   Reviewed by eLife

3. Efficacy of ultra-short, response-guided sofosbuvir and daclatasvir therapy for hepatitis C in a single-arm mechanistic pilot study

   This article has 29 authors:

   1. Barnaby Flower
   2. Le Manh Hung
   3. Leanne Mccabe
   4. M Azim Ansari
   5. Chau Le Ngoc
   6. Thu Vo Thi
   7. Hang Vu Thi Kim
   8. Phuong Nguyen Thi Ngoc
   9. Le Thanh Phuong
   10. Vo Minh Quang
   11. Thuan Dang Trong
   12. Thao Le Thi
   13. Tran Nguyen Bao
   14. Cherry Kingsley
   15. David Smith
   16. Richard M Hoglund
   17. Joel Tarning
   18. Evelyne Kestelyn
   19. Sarah L Pett
   20. Rogier van Doorn
   21. Jennifer Ilo Van Nuil
   22. Hugo Turner
   23. Guy E Thwaites
   24. Eleanor Barnes
   25. Motiur Rahman
   26. Ann Sarah Walker
   27. Jeremy N Day
   28. Nguyen VV Chau
   29. Graham S Cooke

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     eLife assessment

     This work provides valuable knowledge to the ongoing research to establish an algorithm to shorten the duration of hepatitis C therapy with direct-acting antivirals. This is an important study that is a nice addition to previous reports evaluating the utility of response-guided therapy for shortening the duration of HCV treatment. Given the disease burden and the high costs of treatment, especially in low-income countries, this is a major goal that was also advocated by the WHO. Although the main objective (shortening therapy to 4 weeks) was not adequately achieved (<90% success rate), the study's results may suggest that re-treatment in case of failure is safe and efficient, although further studies with a larger number of patients are needed for confirmation.

   Reviewed by eLife

4. Dysregulated H19/Igf2 expression disrupts cardiac-placental axis during development of Silver-Russell syndrome-like mouse models

   This article has 11 authors:

   1. Suhee Chang
   2. Diana Fulmer
   3. Stella K Hur
   4. Joanne L Thorvaldsen
   5. Li Li
   6. Yemin Lan
   7. Eric A Rhon-Calderon
   8. Nicolae Adrian Leu
   9. Xiaowen Chen
   10. Jonathan A Epstein
   11. Marisa S Bartolomei

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     eLife assessment

     Igf2 and H19 are the two best-studied imprinted genes in mice. Taking advantage of the varying levels of H19 and Igf2 expression in three existing mouse models, the authors dissect the role of H19 and Igf2 in cardiac and placental development. Their findings suggest that an accurate dosage of both H19 and Igf2 is critical for normal embryonic development, especially the development of the heart and placenta. The work is of interest to colleagues studying imprinting as well as mammalian development.

   Reviewed by eLife

5. MYC overrides HIF-1α to regulate proliferating primary cell metabolism in hypoxia

   This article has 8 authors:

   1. Courtney A Copeland
   2. Benjamin A Olenchock
   3. David Ziehr
   4. Sarah McGarrity
   5. Kevin Leahy
   6. Jamey D Young
   7. Joseph Loscalzo
   8. William M Oldham

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     eLife assessment

     The authors find a significant and unexpected consequence of hypoxia in lung fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells - decreased lactate production - a finding that is important in the field of pulmonary hypertension. Additional orthogonal assessments of lactate production will strengthen the conclusions put forward.

   Reviewed by eLife

6. Tenotomy-induced muscle atrophy is sex-specific and independent of NFκB

   This article has 4 authors:

   1. Gretchen A Meyer
   2. Stavros Thomopoulos
   3. Yousef Abu-Amer
   4. Karen C Shen

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     eLife assessment

     The purpose of the study was to evaluate the transcription factor NF-kB, a common transcription factor that is thought to mediate muscle atrophy, in the setting of a rotator cuff injury. The authors used gain of function and loss of function NF-kB inhibitors to show that, surprisingly, NF-kB does not seem to be a major mediator of muscle atrophy in this model (as compared to other atrophy models), but there are sex-related differences. They found that male mice were more likely to have atrophy regulated by autophagy, both of which are interesting, novel findings.

   Reviewed by eLife

7. Contrasting action and posture coding with hierarchical deep neural network models of proprioception

   This article has 6 authors:

   1. Kai J Sandbrink
   2. Pranav Mamidanna
   3. Claudio Michaelis
   4. Matthias Bethge
   5. Mackenzie Weygandt Mathis
   6. Alexander Mathis

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     eLife assessment

     This manuscript presents a valuable framework and blueprint for the study, in artificial systems, of the principles and mechanisms that underlie proprioception in biological systems. Using artificial neural networks trained on synthetic hand movement data, the authors present solid, albeit incomplete, evidence that action recognition can explain important features of the mechanisms that underlie proprioception in biological systems. Experiments with architectures trained using losses that, in addition to action, take into account velocity and/or other states, could strengthen the authors' findings.

   Reviewed by eLife

8. Transcriptional drifts associated with environmental changes in endothelial cells

   This article has 14 authors:

   1. Yalda Afshar
   2. Feyiang Ma
   3. Austin Quach
   4. Anhyo Jeong
   5. Hannah L Sunshine
   6. Vanessa Freitas
   7. Yasaman Jami-Alahmadi
   8. Raphael Helaers
   9. Xinmin Li
   10. Matteo Pellegrini
   11. James A Wohlschlegel
   12. Casey E Romanoski
   13. Miikka Vikkula
   14. M Luisa Iruela-Arispe

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     eLife assessment’

     This paper is of interest to a broad audience of cell biologists, and researchers who work with cultured endothelial cells. The work uncovers the impact of culture conditions on transcriptional changes of endothelial cells and demonstrates that some of these changes can be recovered by sheer forces or coculture. The authors provide valuable datasets which will be a good resource for the community.

   Reviewed by eLife

9. Quantifying the impact of immune history and variant on SARS-CoV-2 viral kinetics and infection rebound: A retrospective cohort study

   This article has 25 authors:

   1. James A Hay
   2. Stephen M Kissler
   3. Joseph R Fauver
   4. Christina Mack
   5. Caroline G Tai
   6. Radhika M Samant
   7. Sarah Connolly
   8. Deverick J Anderson
   9. Gaurav Khullar
   10. Matthew MacKay
   11. Miral Patel
   12. Shannan Kelly
   13. April Manhertz
   14. Isaac Eiter
   15. Daisy Salgado
   16. Tim Baker
   17. Ben Howard
   18. Joel T Dudley
   19. Christopher E Mason
   20. Manoj Nair
   21. Yaoxing Huang
   22. John DiFiori
   23. David D Ho
   24. Nathan D Grubaugh
   25. Yonatan H Grad

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     eLife assessment

     This manuscript provides a valuable and policy-relevant contribution to our understanding of SARS-CoV-2 viral kinetics in the Omicron era. The authors exploit a rich and unique dataset from the National Basketball Association to describe post-infection viral kinetics and explore evidence for differential kinetics by immune history and demographics. The authors show (as others have) that most people remain with high viral loads 5 days post positive test (though less so in groups who are tested in a more realistic manner), and that older individuals and those who were boosted (but had a poor initial response to the primary vaccine series) were more likely to remain with high viral loads longer after an Omicron infection, while also describing rebound frequencies after Omicron infections.

   Reviewed by eLife, ScreenIT

10. The injured sciatic nerve atlas (iSNAT), insights into the cellular and molecular basis of neural tissue degeneration and regeneration

    This article has 17 authors:

    1. Xiao-Feng Zhao
    2. Lucas D Huffman
    3. Hannah Hafner
    4. Mitre Athaiya
    5. Matthew C Finneran
    6. Ashley L Kalinski
    7. Rafi Kohen
    8. Corey Flynn
    9. Ryan Passino
    10. Craig N Johnson
    11. David Kohrman
    12. Riki Kawaguchi
    13. Lynda JS Yang
    14. Jeffery L Twiss
    15. Daniel H Geschwind
    16. Gabriel Corfas
    17. Roman J Giger

    This article has been curated by 1 group:

    • Curated by eLife

      eLife assessment

      In peripheral nerve injury, an immune response occurs to ensure debris clean-up and potential repair, however, there has not yet been a census of cell types and gene expression as these lesions undergo clearance and eventual repair. Zhao et al generate a transcriptional resource by performing scRNAseq on both the naive, injured, and repairing sciatic nerve. They identify the composition of different cell types, gene signatures, and cell-cell communication and contrast these with signatures from the blood, and compare the injured site with distal nerve segments after injury. To dissociate the immune response from injury versus Wallerian degeneration, they use SARM1 KO mice (which exhibits delayed neurodegeneration) and observe that there is still injury-induced immune influx. Overall, this is a convincing study and useful resource for the field of neuronal repair and neural-immune interactions with a clear presentation of the animals and time points, with some follow-up experiments and validation.

    Reviewed by eLife