Neuroscience

Microglia replacement by ER-Hoxb8 conditionally immortalized macrophages provides insight into Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome neuropathology

1. Kelsey M. Nemec
2. Genevieve Uy
3. V. Sai Chaluvadi
4. Freddy S. Purnell
5. Bilal Elfayoumi
6. Leila Byerly
7. Micaela L. O’Reilly
8. Carleigh A. O’Brien
9. William H. Aisenberg
10. Sonia I. Lombroso
11. Xinfeng Guo
12. Niklas Blank
13. Chet Huan Oon
14. Fazeela Yaqoob
15. Brian Temsamrit
16. Priyanka Rawat
17. Christoph A. Thaiss
18. Will Bailis
19. Adam P. Williamson
20. Qingde Wang
21. Mariko L. Bennett
22. F. Chris Bennett

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study describes a valuable new model for in vivo manipulation of microglia, exploring how mutations in the Adar1 gene within microglia contribute to Aicardi-Goutières Syndome. The methodology is validated with solid data, supporting the authors' conclusions. The paper underscores both the advantages and limitations of using transplanted cells as a surrogate for microglia, making it a resource that is of value for biologists studying macrophages and microglia.

Reviewed by eLife

Neural adaptation to the eye’s optics through phase compensation

1. Antoine Barbot
2. John T Pirog
3. Cherlyn J Ng
4. Geunyoung Yoon

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This paper shows convincingly that the human visual system can recalibrate itself to compensate for phase alterations in an image induced by optical blur. This phenomenon is studied using state-of-the-art adaptive optics approaches that allow the manipulation of the eye's optics while making concurrent psychophysical measurements. The findings are broadly important because they highlight a neural mechanism by which flawed information is used to create seemingly accurate perceptions of the visual environment.

Reviewed by eLife

Compressed sensing based approach identifies modular neural circuitry driving learned pathogen avoidance

1. Timothy Hallacy
2. Abdullah Yonar
3. Niels Ringstad
4. Sharad Ramanathan

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important study describes a neural circuit contributing to two behavioral processes affecting pathogen avoidance in the nematode C. elegans. The method used to identify specific contributing neurons is innovative and the experimental evidence supporting the major claims is solid. This study will be of interest to neuroscientists studying behavior, in particular in C. elegans.

Reviewed by eLife

Supralinear dendritic integration in murine dendrite-targeting interneurons

1. Simonas Griesius
2. Amy Richardson
3. Dimitri Michael Kullmann

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  In this manuscript, Griesius et al analyze the dendritic integration properties of NDNF and OLM interneurons, and suggest that the supralinear NMDA receptor-dependent synaptic integration may be associated with dendritic calcium transients only in NDNF interneurons. These findings are important because they suggest there might be functional heterogeneities in the mechanisms underlying synaptic integration in different classes of interneurons of the mouse neocortex and hippocampus. The revised work remains incomplete due to remaining concerns about experimental methodology, cell health, and lack of dendritic Na-spikes which have been recorded in previous works.

Reviewed by eLife

Spike Rate Inference from Mouse Spinal Cord Calcium Imaging Data

1. Peter Rupprecht
2. Wei Fan
3. Steve J. Sullivan
4. Fritjof Helmchen
5. Andrei D. Sdrulla

Reviewed by PREreview

Activity-dependent lateral inhibition enables the synchronization of olfactory bulb projection neurons

1. Tal Dalal
2. Rafi Haddad

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important study uses optogenetics in combination with single cell recordings to selectively activate sensory input channels within the olfactory bulb, providing direct evidence for activity-dependent and distance-independent enhancement of stimulus-evoked gamma oscillations via lateral interactions between input channels, most likely via granule cells. The article presents solid evidence to support the main conclusions.

Reviewed by eLife

The effects of 17α-estradiol treatment on endocrine system revealed by single-nucleus transcriptomic sequencing of hypothalamus

1. Lei Li
2. Guanghao Wu
3. Xiaolei Xu
4. Junling Yang
5. Lirong Yi
6. Ziqing Yang
7. Zheng Mo
8. Li Xing
9. Ying Shan
10. Zhuo Yu
11. Yinchuan Li

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study demonstrates the potential role of 17α-estradiol in modulating neuronal gene expression in the aged hypothalamus of male rats, identifying key pathways and neuron subtypes affected by the drug. While the findings are useful and provide a foundation for future research, the strength of supporting evidence is incomplete due to the lack of female comparison, a young male control group, unclear link to 17α-estradiol lifespan extension in rats, and insufficient analysis of glial cells and cellular stress in CRH neurons.

Reviewed by eLife

Prefoldin 5 is a microtubule-associated protein that suppresses Tau-aggregation and neurotoxicity

1. Anjali Bisht
2. Srikanth Pippadpally
3. Snehasis Majumder
4. Athulya T Gopi
5. Abhijit Das
6. Chandan Sahi
7. Mani Ramaswami
8. Vimlesh Kumar

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study uncovers and characterizes a role for Pfdn5 in stabilizing axonal microtubules and synaptic morphology in the Drosophila peripheral nervous system. Although the mechanisms remain unresolved, the phenotypic characterization is an important contribution with solid evidence. The work also aims to address a potential interaction between Pfdn5/6 and Tau-mediated mechanisms of neurodegeneration; here, the evidence is partially incomplete.

Reviewed by eLife

Removal of developmentally regulated microexons has a minimal impact on larval zebrafish brain morphology and function

1. Caleb CS Calhoun
2. Mary ES Capps
3. Kristie Muya
4. William C Gannaway
5. Verdion Martina
6. Claire L Conklin
7. Morgan C Klein
8. Jhodi M Webster
9. Emma G Torija-Olson
10. Summer B Thyme

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important work examines how microexons contribute to brain activity, structure, and behavior. The authors find that loss of microexon sequences generally has subtle impacts on these metrics in larval zebrafish, with few exceptions. The evidence is still partially incomplete and needs to be strengthened by key experiments or more precise data descriptions. Overall, this work will be of interest to neuroscientists and generate further studies of interest to the field.

Reviewed by eLife

Different serotonergic neurons regulate appetite for sucrose and hunger for proteins

1. Katharina Dorn
2. Magdalena Gompert
3. Jianzheng He
4. Henrike Scholz

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study presents the state-dependent role of serotonin for the protein and sugar intake of Drosophila by expressing a dominant-negative serotonin transporter in subsets of serotoninergic neurons. This paper is valuable for neuroscientists working on neuromodulation and the effects of internal states such as hunger, however the characterization of behavioral and neuroanatomical data is incomplete.

Reviewed by eLife