Neuroscience

Complex opioid-driven modulation of glutamatergic and cholinergic neurotransmission in a GABAergic brain nucleus associated with emotion, reward, and addiction

1. Ramesh Chittajallu
2. Anna Vlachos
3. Adam P Caccavano
4. Xiaoqing Yuan
5. Steven Hunt
6. Daniel Abebe
7. Edra London
8. Kenneth A Pelkey
9. Chris J McBain

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study presents important information about the role of mu opioid receptors in neurotransmission between the medial habenula and the interpeduncular nucleus. The authors provide convincing evidence that mu opioid receptor activation has differential effects on transmission from substance P neurons and cholinergic neurons, and that blockade of potassium channels can unmask a nicotinic cholinergic synaptic response. This work will be of high interest to those studying this brain region, and potentially to the larger neuroscience community studying motivated behavior.

Reviewed by eLife

Differential destinations, dynamics, and functions of high- and low-order features in the feedback signal during object processing

1. Wenhao Hou
2. Sheng He
3. Jiedong Zhang

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study reports important findings about the nature of feedback to primary visual cortex (V1) during object recognition. The state-of-the-art functional MRI evidence for the main claims is solid, and the combination of high-resolution fMRI with MEG yields significant insight into neural mechanisms. The findings presented here are relevant to a number of scientific fields such as object recognition, categorisation and predictive coding.

Reviewed by eLife

Deep neural networks to register and annotate cells in moving and deforming nervous systems

1. Adam A Atanas
2. Alicia Kun-Yang Lu
3. Brian Goodell
4. Jungsoo Kim
5. Saba N Baskoylu
6. Di Kang
7. Talya S Kramer
8. Eric Bueno
9. Flossie K Wan
10. Karen L Cunningham
11. Brandon Weissbourd
12. Steven W Flavell

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  Whole-brain imaging of neuronal activity in freely behaving animals holds great promise for neuroscience, but numerous technical challenges limit its use. In this important study, the authors describe a new set of deep learning-based tools to track and identify the activity of head neurons in freely moving nematodes (C. elegans) and jellyfish (Clytia hemisphaerica). While the tools convincingly enable high tracking speed and accuracy in the settings in which the authors have evaluated them, the claim that these tools should be easily generalizable to a wide variety of datasets is incompletely supported.

Reviewed by eLife

Combinatorial protein barcodes enable self-correcting neuron tracing with nanoscale molecular context

1. Sung Yun Park
2. Arlo Sheridan
3. Bobae An
4. Erin Jarvis
5. Julia Lyudchik
6. William Patton
7. Jun Y. Axup
8. Stephanie W. Chan
9. Hugo G.J. Damstra
10. Daniel Leible
11. Kylie S. Leung
12. Clarence A. Magno
13. Aashir Meeran
14. Julia M. Michalska
15. Franz Rieger
16. Claire Wang
17. Michelle Wu
18. George M. Church
19. Jan Funke
20. Todd Huffman
21. Kathleen G.C. Leeper
22. Sven Truckenbrodt
23. Johan Winnubst
24. Joergen M.R. Kornfeld
25. Edward S. Boyden
26. Samuel G. Rodriques
27. Andrew C. Payne

Reviewed by Arcadia Science

Haploinsufficiency of lysosomal enzyme genes in Alzheimer’s disease

1. Bruno A. Benitez
2. Clare E. Wallace
3. Maulikkumar Patel
4. Niko-Petteri Nykanen
5. Carla M. Yuede
6. Samantha L. Eaton
7. Cyril Pottier
8. Arda Cetin
9. Matthew Johnson
10. Mia T. Bevan
11. Woodrow D. Gardiner
12. Hannah M. Edwards
13. Brookelyn M. Doherty
14. Ryan T. Harrigan
15. Dominic Kurian
16. Thomas M. Wishart
17. Colin Smith
18. John R. Cirrito
19. Mark S. Sands

Reviewed by Arcadia Science

Targeting Lysosomal Dysfunction to Alleviate Plaque Deposition in an Alzheimer Disease Model

1. Leigh Ellen Fremuth
2. Diantha van de Vlekkert
3. Huimin Hu
4. Jason Andrew Weesner
5. Ida Annunziata
6. Gouri Yogalingam
7. Alessandra d’Azzo

Reviewed by PREreview

Neural representation of action symbols in primate frontal cortex

1. Lucas Y. Tian
2. Kedar Garzón Gupta
3. Daniel J. Hanuska
4. Adam G. Rouse
5. Mark A. G. Eldridge
6. Marc H. Schieber
7. Xiao-Jing Wang
8. Joshua B. Tenenbaum
9. Winrich A. Freiwald

Reviewed by PREreview

Asymmetric cortical projections to striatal direct and indirect pathways distinctly control actions

1. Jason R Klug
2. Xunyi Yan
3. Hilary Hoffman
4. Max D Engelhardt
5. Fumitaka Osakada
6. Edward M Callaway
7. Xin Jin

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This manuscript presents an important finding that D1- and D2-striatal neurons receive distinct cortical inputs, offering key insights into corticostriatal function. For instance, in the context of striatal-dependent learning, this distinction is highly informative for interpreting synaptic physiology data, particularly when inputs to one neuron subtype may change independently of the other. The strength of the evidence is solid, with anatomical and electrophysiological findings aligning well with results from optogenetic and behavioral studies. The study would be of interest to neuroscientists studying basal ganglia circuits in health and disease.

Reviewed by eLife

A deep learning approach for the analysis of birdsong

1. Therese MI Koch
2. Ethan S Marks
3. Todd F Roberts

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This work introduces a new Python package, Avian Vocalization Analysis (AVN) that provides several key analysis pipelines for birdsong research. This tool is likely to prove useful to researchers in neuroscience and beyond, as demonstrated by convincing experiments using a wide range of publicly available birdsong data.

Reviewed by eLife

Newly trained navigation and verbal memory skills in humans elicit changes in task-related networks but not brain structure

1. Li Zheng
2. Zachary Boogaart
3. Andrew McAvan
4. Joshua Garren
5. Stephanie G Doner
6. Bradley J Wilkes
7. Will Groves
8. Ece Yuksel
9. Lucia Cherep
10. Arne Ekstrom
11. Steven M Weisberg

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This work presents a useful investigation of functional and structural brain changes following navigation and verbal memory training. The analyses of whole-brain volumetric changes are convincing and support the study's main conclusion regarding the lack of a volumetric whole-brain plasticity effects. Some analyses are compelling in demonstrating the presence of longitudinal behavioural effects, the presence of functional activation changes, and the lack of hippocampal volume changes.

Reviewed by eLife