Immunology

Early acquisition of S-specific Tfh clonotypes after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is associated with the longevity of anti-S antibodies

1. Xiuyuan Lu
2. Hiroki Hayashi
3. Eri Ishikawa
4. Yukiko Takeuchi
5. Julian Vincent Tabora Dychiao
6. Hironori Nakagami
7. Sho Yamasaki

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This important study by Lu et al aimed to determine the key factors of T cell responses associated with durable antibody responses following the initial two shots of COVID-19 mRNA vaccinations. By comparing the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S)-specific T cell subsets between "Ab sustainers" and "Ab decliners" that were present post-vaccination, the authors concluded that S-specific CD4+ T cells in "Ab sustainers" were enriched with Tfh cells. There is solid evidence as the authors applied multiple methods and approaches to address the key questions, and the presented data are robust.

Reviewed by eLife

The antigenic landscape of human influenza N2 neuraminidases from 2009 until 2017

1. João Paulo Portela Catani
2. Anouk Smet
3. Tine Ysenbaert
4. Marnik Vuylsteke
5. Guy Bottu
6. Janick Mathys
7. Alexander Botzki
8. Guadalupe Cortes-Garcia
9. Tod Strugnell
10. Raul Gomila
11. John Hamberger
12. John Catalan
13. Irina V Ustyugova
14. Timothy Farrell
15. Svetlana Stegalkina
16. Satyajit Ray
17. Lauren LaRue
18. Xavier Saelens
19. Thorsten U Vogel

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study presents valuable data on the antigenic properties of neuraminidase proteins of human A/H3N2 influenza viruses sampled between 2009 and 2017. The antigenic properties are found to be generally concordant with genetic groups. Compared to a previous version, additional analyses have strengthened the work, with solid evidence supporting the claims of the authors.

Reviewed by eLife

RIPK3 coordinates RHIM domain-dependent inflammatory transcription in neurons

1. Sigal B. Kofman
2. Lan H. Chu
3. Joshua M. Ames
4. Suny Dayane Chavarria
5. Katrina Lichauco
6. Brian P. Daniels
7. Andrew Oberst

Reviewed by preLights

Transposable elements regulate thymus development and function

1. Jean-David Larouche
2. Céline M Laumont
3. Assya Trofimov
4. Krystel Vincent
5. Leslie Hesnard
6. Sylvie Brochu
7. Caroline Côté
8. Juliette F Humeau
9. Éric Bonneil
10. Joel Lanoix
11. Chantal Durette
12. Patrick Gendron
13. Jean-Philippe Laverdure
14. Ellen R Richie
15. Sébastien Lemieux
16. Pierre Thibault
17. Claude Perreault

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This important study shows, based on analyses of single-cell RNA-seq data sets of thymus cells, that transposable elements (TEs) are broadly expressed in thymic stromal cells, especially in medullary thymic epithelial cells and plasamacytoid dendritic cells. The authors also show that at least some TE-derived peptides are presented by MHC-I molecules in the thymus. The study provides solid findings supporting a role of TEs in thymic T-cell selection and immune self-tolerance.

Reviewed by eLife

Non-canonical NF-κB signaling promotes intestinal inflammation by restraining the tolerogenic β-catenin-Raldh2 axis in dendritic cells

1. Alvina Deka
2. Naveen Kumar
3. Meenakshi Chawla
4. Namrata Bhattacharya
5. Sk Asif Ali
6. Swapnava Basu
7. Bhawna
8. Upasna Madan
9. Shakti Kumar
10. Bhabatosh Das
11. Debarka Sengupta
12. Amit Awasthi
13. Soumen Basak

Reviewed by Review Commons

Pneumocystis murina Promotes Inflammasome Formation and NETosis during Pneumocystis Pneumonia

1. Steven G. Sayson
2. Alan Ashbaugh
3. Aleksey Porollo
4. Melanie T. Cushion

Reviewed by Rapid Reviews Infectious Diseases

Crosstalk between the RNA-binding proteins Regnase-1 and -3 shapes mast cell survival and cytokine expression

1. Marian Bataclan
2. Cristina Leoni
3. Simone G Moro
4. Matteo Pecoraro
5. Elaine H Wong
6. Vigo Heissmeyer
7. Silvia Monticelli

Reviewed by Review Commons

Spatial transcriptomics elucidates medulla niche supporting germinal center response in myasthenia gravis thymoma

1. Yoshiaki Yasumizu
2. Makoto Kinoshita
3. Martin Jinye Zhang
4. Daisuke Motooka
5. Koichiro Suzuki
6. Daisuke Okuzaki
7. Satoshi Nojima
8. Soichiro Funaki
9. Yasushi Shintani
10. Naganari Ohkura
11. Eiichi Morii
12. Tatsusada Okuno
13. Hideki Mochizuki

Reviewed by preLights

Combining mutation and recombination statistics to infer clonal families in antibody repertoires

1. Natanael Spisak
2. Gabriel Athènes
3. Thomas Dupic
4. Thierry Mora
5. Aleksandra M Walczak

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This important study provides a new, apparently high-performance algorithm for B cell clonal family inference. The new algorithm is highly innovative and based on a rigorous probabilistic analysis of the relevant biological processes and their imprint on the resulting sequences, however, the strength of evidence regarding the algorithm's performance is incomplete, due to (1) a lack of clarity regarding how different data sets were used for different steps during algorithm development and validation, resulting in concerns of circularity, (2) a lack of detail regarding the settings for competitor programs during benchmarking, and (3) method development, data simulation for method validation, and empirical analyses all based on the B cell repertoire of a single subject. With clarity around these issues and application to a more diverse set of real samples, this paper could be fundamental to immunologists and important to any researcher or clinician utilizing B cell receptor repertoires in their field (e.g., cancer immunology).

Reviewed by eLife

Semi-synthetic glycoconjugate vaccine candidate against Cryptococcus neoformans

1. Conor J. Crawford
2. Livia Liporagi-Lopes
3. Carolina Coelho
4. Samuel R. Santos Junior
5. André Moraes Nicola
6. Maggie P. Wear
7. Raghav Vij
8. Stefan Oscarson
9. Arturo Casadevall

Reviewed by Rapid Reviews Infectious Diseases