Immunology

IL-27 limits HSPC differentiation during infection and protects from stem cell exhaustion

1. Daniel L Aldridge
2. Zachary Lanzar
3. Anthony T Phan
4. David A Christian
5. Ryan Pardy
6. Booki Min
7. Ross M Kedl
8. Christopher A Hunter

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  The article presents important findings describing the role of IL27 in maintaining HSCs at steady state, and in emergency haematopoiesis in response to T. goodii by limiting the inflammatory monocyte outcomes. However, the evidence is still incomplete, as not enough evidence is provided to support that IL27 only acts at the level of HSCs and not downstream. This study will be of interest to immunologists and hematologists, as well as infectious disease researchers.

Reviewed by eLife

Genetic Reinstatement of RIG-I in Chickens Reveals Insights into Avian Immune Evolution and Influenza Interaction

1. Hicham Sid
2. Theresa von Heyl
3. Sabrina Schleibinger
4. Romina Klinger
5. Leah Heymelot Nabel
6. Hanna Vikkula
7. Rodrigo Guabiraba
8. Vanaique Guillory
9. Mohanned Naif Alhussien
10. Brigitte Böhm
11. Benjamin Schade
12. Daniel Elleder
13. Samantha Sives
14. Lonneke Vervelde
15. Sascha Trapp
16. Benjamin Schusser

Reviewed by PREreview

Deconstructing Complexity: A Computational Topology Approach to Trajectory Inference in the Human Thymus with tviblindi

1. Jan Stuchly
2. David Novak
3. Nadezda Brdickova
4. Petra Hadlova
5. Vojen Sadilek
6. Ahmad Iksi
7. Daniela Kuzilkova
8. Michael Svaton
9. George Alehandro Saad
10. Pablo Engel
11. Herve Luche
12. Ana E Sousa
13. Afonso RM Almeida
14. Tomas Kalina

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  The authors present an algorithm and workflow for the inference of developmental trajectories from single-cell data, including a mathematical approach to increase computational efficiency. In this latest version, the authors addressed the benchmarking of the novel method, but the absence of quantitative comparisons to state-of-the-art methods still make this study incomplete. Based on the shown validation approaches, one can neither ultimately judge if the shown method will be an advance over previous work nor whether the approach will be of general useful applicability.

Reviewed by eLife

β-glucan reprograms alveolar macrophages via neutrophil/IFNγ axis to promote lung injury

1. Renaud Prével
2. Erwan Pernet
3. Kim A Tran
4. Abderrahmane Sadek
5. Mina Sadeghi
6. Elizabeth Lapshina
7. Leonardo Jurado
8. Arnold S Kristof
9. Mohieddine Moumni
10. Jérémie Poschmann
11. Maziar Divangahi

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important study advances our understanding of maladaptive innate immune training. The experimental evidence supporting the conclusions is convincing and the expert reviewers strongly endorse the manuscript. The work will be of high interest to both researchers in the trained immunity field and clinician scientists.

Reviewed by eLife

PIM kinase control of CD8 T cell protein synthesis and cell trafficking

1. Julia M Marchingo
2. Laura Spinelli
3. Shalini Pathak
4. Doreen A Cantrell

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  These important findings detail the role of Pim1 and Pim2 in controlling the behaviour and activity of 'killer' T cells; a vital cell within of our immune system. The authors capitalized on high resolution quantitative analysis of the proteomes and transcriptomes of Pim1/Pim2-deficient CD8 T cells to provide compelling evidence for how the PIM1/2 kinases control TCR-driven activation and IL-2/IL-15-driven proliferation and differentiation into effector T cells. It's also noteworthy that Pim1/Pim2 impact is better revealed through quantitative proteomics than transcriptomics.

Reviewed by eLife

Re-programming of GM-CSF-dependent alveolar macrophages through GSK3 activity modulation

1. Israel Ríos
2. Cristina Herrero
3. Mónica Torres-Torresano
4. Baltasar López-Navarro
5. María Teresa Schiaffino
6. Francisco Díaz-Crespo
7. Alicia Nieto-Valle
8. Rafael Samaniego
9. Yolanda Sierra-Palomares
10. Eduardo Oliver
11. Fernando Revuelta-Salgado
12. Ricardo García-Luján
13. Paloma Sánchez-Mateos
14. Rafael Delgado
15. Amaya Puig-Kröger
16. Ángel L Corbí

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important study provides compelling data from in vitro models and patient-derived samples to demonstrate how modulation of GSK3 activity can reprogram macrophages, revealing potential therapeutic applications in inflammatory diseases such as severe COVID-19. The study stands out for its clear and systematic presentation, convincing experimental approach, and the relevance of its findings to the field of immunology.

Reviewed by eLife

Comprehensive analysis of nasal IgA antibodies induced by intranasal administration of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein

1. Kentarou Waki
2. Hideki Tani
3. Eigo Kawahara
4. Yumiko Saga
5. Takahisa Shimada
6. Emiko Yamazaki
7. Seiichi Koike
8. Yoshitomo Morinaga
9. Masaharu Isobe
10. Nobuyuki Kurosawa

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This work provides important insights into mucosal antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 following intranasal immunization by characterizing a large number of monoclonal antibodies at both mucosal and non-mucosal sites. The evidence supporting the claims is solid. The demonstrated in vitro antiviral activity of antibodies characterized provides a rationale for developing mucosal vaccines, especially if confirmed in vivo and benchmarked against antibodies generated following intramuscular vaccination.

Reviewed by eLife

Structure-Guided Loop Grafting Improves Expression and Stability of Influenza Neuraminidase for Vaccine Development

1. Pramila Rijal
2. Leiyan Wei
3. Guido C Paesen
4. David I Stuart
5. Mark R Howarth
6. Kuan-Ying A Huang
7. Thomas A Bowden
8. Alain RM Townsend

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  The authors developed a methodology to graph antigenic surface loops on influenza virus neuraminidases. The hybrid proteins retained the structure of the neuraminidase scaffold and the antigenicity of the grafted loops. This fundamental work should help in developing novel neuraminidase constructs for use in influenza virus vaccines. The paper presents compelling evidence supporting the conclusions arrived at by the authors.

Reviewed by eLife

RAG suppresses group 2 innate lymphoid cells

1. Aaron M Ver Heul
2. Madison Mack
3. Lydia Zamidar
4. Masato Tamari
5. Ting-Lin Yang
6. Anna M Trier
7. Do-Hyun Kim
8. Hannah Janzen-Meza
9. Steven J Van Dyken
10. Chyi-Song Hsieh
11. Jenny M Karo
12. Joseph C Sun
13. Brian S Kim

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study provides new insights into the expression profile of ILCs that demonstrate a history of RAG expression. It examines in part the potential intrinsic regulation of RAG expression and seeks to understand how the epigenetic state of ILCs is established, although a full understanding of intrinsic factors is only partially supported. The work provides a convincing and important molecular dataset, and strengthens our understanding of intrinsic regulation, and would be of interest more broadly to cell biologists seeking to understand immune cell development.

Reviewed by eLife

HERV activation segregates ME/CFS from fibromyalgia while defining a novel nosologic entity

1. Karen Giménez-Orenga
2. Eva Martín-Martínez
3. Lubov Nathanson
4. Elisa Oltra

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important study substantially expands observations of HERV expression in the clinical settings. The evidence provided by the authors that HERV activity is an underlying etiological factor in ME/CFS and fibromyalgia is compelling and suggests further investigation into mechanisms. This work will be of broad interest to clinicians and researchers alike.

Reviewed by eLife