Immunology

Uncovering the Heterogeneity and Ontogeny of Mouse Thymic Macrophages Reveals an Unexpected Early Checkpoint Role

1. Helen Wang
2. Vinothkumar Rajan
3. Anthony Wong
4. Slava Epelman
5. Juan Carlos Zúñiga-Pflücker

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study characterizes the heterogeneity and developmental origins of macrophages in the thymus and offers tantalizing evidence of their potential involvement in the first step of T cell selection. The macrophage characterisation is interesting, although the evidence for the specific involvement of macrophages in beta-selection is incomplete, as alternative explanations have not been ruled out. These results provide an important advance that further our understanding of thymus biology, especially in view of the contribution of heterogenous thymic macrophage subpopulations.

Reviewed by eLife

Clonal stochasticity in early NK cell response to mouse cytomegalovirus is generated by mature subsets of varying proliferative ability

1. Darren Wethington
2. Saeed Ahmad
3. Marc Potempa
4. Giuseppe Giuliani
5. Oscar A Aguilar
6. Maheshwor Poudel
7. Simon Grassmann
8. William Stewart
9. Nicholas M Adams
10. Joseph C Sun
11. Lewis L Lanier
12. Jayajit Das

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study combines mathematical models and experimental data to analyse the emergence of heterogeneity within clonal NK cell responses during antigen-specific cell expansion. It comprises different experimental data and extensively explores various mathematical models, to study NK cell turnover during acute immune responses and homeostatic turnover within murine cytomegalovirus infection (MCMV). This solid study presents valuable findings and provides relevant insights on heterogeneous NK cell development.

Reviewed by eLife

Reprogramming of host energy metabolism mediated by the TNF-iNOS-HIF-1α axis plays a key role in host resistance to Plasmodium infection

1. Kely C Matteucci
2. Nathalia PS Leite
3. Patricia A Assis
4. Isabella C Hirako
5. Francielle Pioto
6. Ogooluwa Ojelabi
7. Juliana E Toller-Kawahisa
8. Leonardo G Vaz
9. Diego I Costa
10. João S Da Silva
11. José C Alves-Filho
12. Ricardo T Gazzinelli

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important study examines the role of TNF in modulating energy metabolism during parasite infection. The authors perform an elegant set of studies combining genetics, small molecule perturbation, and phenotypic experiments to highlight a role for glycolysis and glucose transport in control of parasitemia. This solid work integrates an interesting set of observations that will be of interest to the Plasmodium and pathogenesis communities with an expanded set of experiments.

Reviewed by eLife

Deubiquitinase USP-14 controls intestinal distension-induced immune activation in Caenorhabditis elegans via Wnt/β-catenin signaling

1. Annesha Ghosh
2. Jogender Singh

Reviewed by Review Commons

TGF-β drives the conversion of conventional NK cells into uterine tissue-resident NK cells to support murine pregnancy

1. Josselyn D Barahona
2. Liping Yang
3. D Michael Nelson
4. Wayne M Yokoyama

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  The importance of uterine natural killer (NK) cells in reproductive success has been demonstrated in mice and humans; however, it is still unclear how uterine NK cells are developed. In this important manuscript, the authors provide convincing evidence that TGF-b signaling in NK cells supports normal pregnancy in mice by the conversion of conventional NK cells into uterine tissue-resident NK cells. Previous concerns have been addressed in this revised version.

Reviewed by eLife

Depletion of extracellular asparagine impairs self-reactive T cells and ameliorates autoimmunity in a murine model of multiple sclerosis

1. Peter Georgiev
2. Sheila Johnson
3. Kiran Kurmi
4. Song-Hua Hu
5. SeongJun Han
6. Dillon Patterson
7. Thao H Nguyen
8. Linglin Huang
9. Dan Liang
10. Naomi Goldman
11. Thomas Conway
12. Hannah Creasey
13. Jared Rowe
14. Marcia C Haigis
15. Arlene H Sharpe

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  Non-essential amino acids such as glutamine have been known to be required for T cell general activation through sustaining basic biosynthetic processes, including nucleotide biosynthesis, ATP generation, and protein synthesis. In this important study, the authors found that extracellular asparagine (Asn) is required not only for T cells to generally refuel metabolic reprogramming, but to produce helper T cell lineage-specific cytokine, for instance, IL17. In particular, the importance of Asn in IL17 production was convincingly demonstrated in the mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitei (EAE) model, mimicking human multiple sclerosis disease.

Reviewed by eLife

Constitutive Interferon Epsilon Expression Shapes Antiviral Epithelial States in the Female Reproductive Tract and Intestine

1. Rebecca L. Casazza
2. Samantha Skavicus
3. David Hare
4. Kaila A. Cooley
5. Nicholas S. Heaton
6. Carolyn B. Coyne

Reviewed by PREreview

Deciphering interferon functions in avian influenza: Insights from receptor knockout models in the natural host

1. Mohanned Naif Alhussien
2. Hanna-Kaisa Vikkula
3. Romina Klinger
4. Christian Zenner
5. Simon P Früh
6. Rashi Negi
7. Theresa von Heyl
8. Sabrina Schleibinger
9. Milena Brunner
10. Tom VL Berghof
11. Leora Avolio
12. Arne Reich
13. Benjamin Schade
14. Bassel A Abukhadra
15. Silke Rautenschlein
16. Rudolf Preisinger
17. Hicham Sid
18. Benjamin Schusser

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study reports on the development and characterization of chickens with genetic deficiencies in type I or type III interferon receptors, which is an important contribution to the field of avian immunology. The data reflecting the development of the new interferon-receptor-deficient chickens is compelling. The initial characterization of IFN biology and infection responses in these knockout chickens provides a solid foundation for future studies on the distinct contributions of type I and type III interferon signaling to antiviral responses.

Reviewed by eLife

CD4 T cells and CD8α+ lymphocytes are necessary for intravenous BCG-induced protection against tuberculosis in macaques

1. Andrew W. Simonson
2. Joseph J. Zeppa
3. Allison N. Bucsan
4. Michael C. Chao
5. Supriya Pokkali
6. Forrest Hopkins
7. Michael R. Chase
8. Andrew J. Vickers
9. Matthew S. Sutton
10. Caylin G. Winchell
11. Amy J. Myers
12. Cassaundra L. Ameel
13. Ryan Kelly
14. Ben Krouse
15. Luke E. Hood
16. Jiaxiang Li
17. Chelsea C. Lehman
18. Megha Kamath
19. Jaime Tomko
20. Mark A. Rodgers
21. Rachel Donlan
22. Harris Chishti
23. H. Jacob Borish
24. Edwin Klein
25. Charles A. Scanga
26. Sarah Fortune
27. Philana Ling Lin
28. Pauline Maiello
29. Mario Roederer
30. Patricia A. Darrah
31. Robert A. Seder
32. JoAnne L. Flynn

Reviewed by Rapid Reviews Infectious Diseases

Broadly inhibitory antibodies to severe malaria virulence proteins

1. Raphael A. Reyes
2. Sai Sundar Rajan Raghavan
3. Nicholas K. Hurlburt
4. Viola Introini
5. Sebastiaan Bol
6. Ikhlaq Hussain Kana
7. Rasmus W. Jensen
8. Elizabeth Martinez-Scholze
9. María Gestal-Mato
10. Borja López-Gutiérrez
11. Silvia Sanz
12. Cristina Bancells
13. Monica Lisa Fernández-Quintero
14. Johannes R. Loeffler
15. James Alexander Ferguson
16. Wen-Hsin Lee
17. Greg Michael Martin
18. Thor G. Theander
19. John P. A. Lusingu
20. Daniel T. R. Minja
21. Isaac Ssewanyana
22. Margaret E. Feeney
23. Bryan Greenhouse
24. Andrew B. Ward
25. Maria Bernabeu
26. Marie Pancera
27. Louise Turner
28. Evelien M. Bunnik
29. Thomas Lavstsen

Reviewed by Rapid Reviews Infectious Diseases