Immunology

An IL-21R hypomorph circumvents functional redundancy to define STAT1 signaling in germinal center responses

1. Christoph Jandl
2. Joanna Warren
3. Samantha Owens
4. Marcel Batten
5. Howard Wang
6. Cecile King

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  IL21R, being a key cytokine receptor for shaping the T follicular helper and B cell functions, utilizes two STAT family members, STAT1 and STAT3. The authors utilize the IL21R ENU-induced mutant, together with relevant in vitro and in vivo experiments, to dissect the function of STAT1 and STAT3. The approach by itself sounds reasonable, but the main conclusions are incompletely supported by the data presented in this manuscript.

Reviewed by eLife

Innate immune responses to Plasmodium falciparum disrupt the blood-brain barrier

1. Alina Batzilla
2. Pia Dernick
3. Jon Bezney
4. Andreas R. Gschwind
5. Fumio Nakaki
6. Mireia Altadill
7. Hannah Fleckenstein
8. Livia Piatti
9. Silvia Sanz Sender
10. Manuel Fiegl
11. Olawunmi Rashidat Oyerinde
12. Borja Lopez Gutierrez
13. Miguel Lopez-Botet
14. James Sharpe
15. Lars Steinmetz
16. Gemma Moncunill
17. Maria Bernabeu

Reviewed by Rapid Reviews Infectious Diseases

Drosophila host defense mechanisms against filamentous fungal pathogens with diverse lifestyles

1. Guiqing Liu
2. Yao Tian
3. Mark Austin Hanson
4. Prince Kumar Sah
5. Jun Li
6. Bruno Lemaitre

Reviewed by Review Commons

The long non-coding RNA Dreg1 is required for optimal ILC2 development

1. Sara Quon
2. Adelynn Tang
3. Nadia Iannarella
4. Kael Schoffer
5. Wing Fuk Chan
6. Timothy M Johanson
7. Ajithkumar Vasanthakumar
8. Rhys S Allan

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This is a useful study that investigates the role of the long non-coding RNA Dreg1 for the development, differentiation, or maintenance of group 2 ILC (ILC2). The authors generate Dreg1-/- mice and show a reduction of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2). However, the strength of evidence supporting the impact of Dreg1 on Gata3 expression, a transcription factor required for ILC2 cell fate decisions, and the cell-intrinsic requirement of Dreg1 for ILC2 remain incomplete. This study will be of interest to immunologists.

Reviewed by eLife

PDL-1+ Neutrophils mediate susceptibility during endotoxemia in Metabolically Dysfunctional-Associated Fatty Liver Disease

1. Cleyson da Cruz Oliveira Barros
2. Alexandre Kanashiro
3. Gabriel Victor Lucena da Silva
4. Paulo Sérgio de Almeida Augusto
5. Guilherme Cesar Martelossi Cebinelli
6. Luiz Osório Leiria
7. Thiago Mattar Cunha
8. José Carlos Alves Filho
9. Fernando Queiroz Cunha

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This valuable study highlights the key role of NK cells and PD-L1+ neutrophils in worsening sepsis responses in the context of MASH (metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis). It focused on the role of neutrophils in mediating this effect, which is based on a choline-deficient high-fat diet model of various knockouts or selective ablation of immune cell types. While the data presented are of great interest, there are concerns around the reliability of the strength of the evidence provided, which is currently considered incomplete. The study may be of interest to researchers in immunopathological disease mechanisms once confirmatory studies have been completed.

  [Editors' note: the authors no longer have access to the original flow cytometry data and plan to compile new datasets for further consideration.]

Reviewed by eLife

Natural Killer Cell Receptor Signaling and Activation Depend on Cell Cycle Stages

1. Darren Wethington
2. Indrani Nayak
3. Helle Jensen
4. William C. Stewart
5. Oscar A. Aguilar
6. Shih-Yu Chen
7. Garry P. Nolan
8. Gregory K. Behbehani
9. Lewis L. Lanier
10. Jayajit Das

Reviewed by Review Commons

A single microRNA miR-195 rescues the arrested B cell development induced by EBF1 deficiency

1. Yuji Miyatake
2. Takeshi Kamakura
3. Tomokatsu Ikawa
4. Ryo Yanagiya
5. Ryutaro Kotaki
6. Kazuaki Kameda
7. Ryo Koyama Nasu
8. Kazuki Okuyama
9. Ken-ichi Hirano
10. Hiroyuki Hosokawa
11. Katsuto Hozumi
12. Masato Ohtsuka
13. Takahiro Kisikawa
14. Chikako Shibata
15. Motoyuki Otsuka
16. Reo Maruyama
17. Kiyoshi Ando
18. Tomohiro Kurosaki
19. Hiroshi Kawamoto
20. Ai Kotani

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This useful study reports that the exogenous expression of the microRNA miR-195 can partially compensate in early B cell development for the loss of EBF1, one of the key transcription factors in B cells. While this finding will be of interest to those studying lymphocyte development, the evidence, particularly with regard to the molecular mechanisms that underpin the effect of miR-195, is currently incomplete.

Reviewed by eLife

Male-Biased Cyp17a2 Orchestrates Antiviral Sexual Dimorphism in Fish via STING Stabilization and Viral Protein Degradation

1. Long-Feng Lu
2. Bao-jie Cui
3. Sheng-Chi Shi
4. Yang-Yang Wang
5. Can Zhang
6. Xiao Xu
7. Meng-Ze Tian
8. Zhen-Qi Li
9. Na Xu
10. Zhuo-Cong Li
11. Dan-Dan Chen
12. Li Zhou
13. Gang Zhai
14. Zhan Yin
15. Shun Li

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This valuable study describes an interesting infection phenotype that differs between adult male and female zebrafish. The authors present data indicating that male-biased expression of Cyp17a2 appears to mediate viral infection through STING and USP8 activity regulation. Through experimentation on male fish, the authors present solid evidence linking this factor to direct and indirect antiviral outcomes through ubiquitination pathways. These findings raise interesting questions about immune mechanisms that underlie sex-dimorphism and the selective pressures that might shape it.

Reviewed by eLife

Thymic self-recognition-mediated TCR signal strength modulates antigen- specific CD8+ T cell pathogenicity in non-obese diabetic mice

1. Chia-Lo Ho
2. Li-Tzu Yeh
3. Yu-Wen Liu
4. Jia-Ling Dong
5. Huey-Kang Sytwu

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This valuable study addresses T cell receptor activation during autoreactive T cell development and how the strength of T cell receptor engagement in naïve cells can predispose T cells to develop into effector/memory T cells. The authors lead with solid results that are largely consistent with data in the field suggesting that, in comparison to their counterparts with relatively lower basal self-reactivity, naive CD5hi CD8 T cells in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice are poised for activation. They propose that diabetogenic T cells are preferentially found among the naive CD5hi CD8 T cell population. While the evidence does not fully support all the authors' conclusions, the data provide a foundation that sets up future studies.

Reviewed by eLife

Divergent ontogeny of Tissue Resident Memory and Tissue Resident Exhausted CD8 ⁺ T cells underlies distinct functional potential

1. Simone L. Park
2. Mark M. Painter
3. Sasikanth Manne
4. Victor Alcalde
5. Maura McLaughlin
6. Matthew A. Sullivan
7. Divij Mathew
8. Leonel Torres
9. Yinghui J. Huang
10. David B. Reeg
11. Naomi R. Douek
12. Trenton Campos
13. Max Klapholz
14. Maria A. Cardenas
15. Victoria Fang
16. Shin Foong Ngiow
17. KC Wumesh
18. Rishi R. Goel
19. Amy E. Baxter
20. Jennifer E. Wu
21. Melody Tan
22. Corbett T. Berry
23. Christoph T. Ellebrecht
24. Alexander C. Huang
25. Emily Papazian
26. Ying Liu
27. Karthik Rajasekaran
28. Robert M. Brody
29. Erica R. Thaler
30. Devraj Basu
31. Ahmed Diab
32. Josephine R. Giles
33. E. John Wherry

Reviewed by PREreview