Epidemiology

Understanding the implementation of antimicrobial resistance policies in Vietnam: a multilayer analysis of the veterinary drug value chain

1. Chloé Bâtie
2. Nguyen Van Duy
3. Nguyen Thi Minh Khue
4. Marisa Peyre
5. Marion Bordier
6. Nguyen Thi Dien
7. Vu Dinh Ton
8. Flavie Goutard

Reviewed by Peer Community in Animal Science

A decade of shifting cholera burden in Africa and its implications for control: a statistical mapping analysis

1. Javier Perez-Saez
2. Qulu Zheng
3. Joshua Kaminsky
4. Kaiyue Zou
5. Maya N. Demby
6. Christina Alam
7. Daniel Landau
8. Rachel DePencier
9. Jose Paulo M. Langa
10. Roma Chilengi
11. Placide Welo Okitayemba
12. Godfrey Bwire
13. Linda Esso
14. Armelle Viviane Ngomba
15. Nicole Fouda Mbarga
16. Emmanuel Wandera Okunga
17. Sebastian Yennan
18. Fred Kapaya
19. Stephen Ogirima Ohize
20. Adive Joseph Seriki
21. Sonia T. Hegde
22. Mustafa Sikder
23. Justin Lessler
24. Abhirup Datta
25. Andrew S. Azman
26. Elizabeth C. Lee

Reviewed by PREreview

Protection afforded by post-infection SARS-CoV-2 vaccine doses: A cohort study in Shanghai

1. Bo Zheng
2. Bronner P Gonçalves
3. Pengfei Deng
4. Weibing Wang
5. Jie Tian
6. Xueyao Liang
7. Ye Yao
8. Caoyi Xue

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This important work by Zheng and colleagues uses a large cohort database from Shanghai to identify that post-infection vaccination among previously vaccinated individuals provides significant low to moderate protection against re-infection. The evidence supporting the conclusion is convincing with some limitations, e.g., lack of symptom severity as an outcome, and no inclusion of time since infection as an independent variable). This study will be of interest to vaccinologists, public health officials and clinicians.

Reviewed by eLife

Systematic evaluation of multifactorial causal associations for Alzheimer’s disease and an interactive platform MRAD developed based on Mendelian randomization analysis

1. Tianyu Zhao
2. Hui Li
3. Meishuang Zhang
4. Yang Xu
5. Ming Zhang
6. Li Chen

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This important study introduces the MRAD database, an advancement in Alzheimer's disease research that provides a powerful tool for evaluating risk and protective factors through Mendelian randomization analysis. The evidence supporting the database's utility is solid, with findings backed by robust data, though addressing methodological concerns and ensuring more rigorous validation of associations would further strengthen its impact. This resource represents a significant leap forward in the field, offering unprecedented opportunities for researchers and clinicians to uncover key insights into Alzheimer's etiology, potentially revolutionizing how Alzheimer's research is approached and accelerating the discovery of new prevention strategies and treatments.

Reviewed by eLife

Antigenic drift and subtype interference shape A(H3N2) epidemic dynamics in the United States

1. Amanda C Perofsky
2. John Huddleston
3. Chelsea L Hansen
4. John R Barnes
5. Thomas Rowe
6. Xiyan Xu
7. Rebecca Kondor
8. David E Wentworth
9. Nicola Lewis
10. Lynne Whittaker
11. Burcu Ermetal
12. Ruth Harvey
13. Monica Galiano
14. Rodney Stuart Daniels
15. John W McCauley
16. Seiichiro Fujisaki
17. Kazuya Nakamura
18. Noriko Kishida
19. Shinji Watanabe
20. Hideki Hasegawa
21. Sheena G Sullivan
22. Ian G Barr
23. Kanta Subbarao
24. Florian Krammer
25. Trevor Bedford
26. Cécile Viboud

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This paper explores the relationships among evolutionary and epidemiological quantities in influenza, and presents fundamental findings that substantially advance our understanding of the drivers of influenza epidemics. The authors use a rich set of data sources to gather and analyze compelling evidence on the roles of genetic distance, other influenza dynamics and epidemiological indicators in predicting influenza epidemics. The central findings highlight the significant influence of genetic distance on A(H3N2) virus epidemiology and emphasize the role of A(H1N1) virus incidence in shaping A(H3N2) epidemics, suggesting subtype interference as a key factor. This paper also makes relevant data available to the research community.

Reviewed by eLife

Disentangling the relationship between cancer mortality and COVID-19 in the US

1. Chelsea L Hansen
2. Cécile Viboud
3. Lone Simonsen

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This valuable work explores death coding data to understand the impact of COVID-19 on cancer mortality. The work provides solid evidence that deaths with cancer as a contributing cause were not above what would be expected during pandemic waves, suggesting that cancer did not strongly increase the risk of dying of COVID-19. These results are an interesting exploration into the coding of causes of death that can be used to make sense of how deaths are coded during a pandemic in the presence of other underlying diseases, such as cancer.

Reviewed by eLife

Hybrid immunity from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection and vaccination in Canadian adults: A cohort study

1. Patrick E Brown
2. Sze Hang Fu
3. Leslie Newcombe
4. Xuyang Tang
5. Nico Nagelkerke
6. H Chaim Birnboim
7. Aiyush Bansal
8. Karen Colwill
9. Geneviève Mailhot
10. Melanie Delgado-Brand
11. Tulunay Tursun
12. Freda Qi
13. Anne-Claude Gingras
14. Arthur S Slutsky
15. Maria D Pasic
16. Jeffrey Companion
17. Isaac I Bogoch
18. Ed Morawski
19. Teresa Lam
20. Angus Reid
21. Prabhat Jha
22. Ab-C Study Collaborators

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study assessed antibody levels, which are indicative of protection, resulting from both COVID-19 vaccination and natural infection in a representative sample of the Canadian population. The work provides solid evidence that Individuals who received a booster vaccination and had a prior infection had the highest antibody levels, particularly when either the vaccination or natural infection had occurred within the past six months. These findings are of fundamental importance in supporting the value of booster vaccination in populations vulnerable to severe COVID-19.

Reviewed by eLife

Higher ratio of plasma omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids is associated with greater risk of all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular mortality: A population-based cohort study in UK Biobank

1. Yuchen Zhang
2. Yitang Sun
3. Qi Yu
4. Suhang Song
5. J Thomas Brenna
6. Ye Shen
7. Kaixiong Ye

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  The manuscript provides convincing evidence that both circulating omega-6 and omega-3 PUFAs are associated with lower all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular mortality in the UK BioBank population and that omega-3s have a stronger effect than omega-6s. The findings have important public health implications.

Reviewed by eLife

Design of the HPV-automated visual evaluation (PAVE) study: Validating a novel cervical screening strategy

1. Silvia de Sanjosé
2. Rebecca B Perkins
3. Nicole Campos
4. Federica Inturrisi
5. Didem Egemen
6. Brian Befano
7. Ana Cecilia Rodriguez
8. Jose Jerónimo
9. Li C Cheung
10. Kanan Desai
11. Paul Han
12. Akiva P Novetsky
13. Abigail Ukwuani
14. Jenna Marcus
15. Syed Rakin Ahmed
16. Nicolas Wentzensen
17. Jayashree Kalpathy-Cramer
18. Mark Schiffman
19. On behalf of the PAVE Study Group

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This important study will provide evidence about a novel screen-triage-treat strategy for cervical cancer prevention. The trial will generate convincing evidence regarding the efficacy, effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, feasibility and acceptability in a range of geographically spread low-resource settings. The strategy should contribute to improving access to cervical cancer prevention to vulnerable women with low access to health care, and, therefore, at the highest risk of cervical cancer.

Reviewed by eLife

Modeling resource allocation strategies for insecticide-treated bed nets to achieve malaria eradication

1. Nora Schmit
2. Hillary M Topazian
3. Matteo Pianella
4. Giovanni D Charles
5. Peter Winskill
6. Michael T White
7. Katharina Hauck
8. Azra C Ghani

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study presents a valuable finding on the optimal prioritization in different malaria transmission settings for the distribution of insecticide-treated nets to reduce the malaria burden. The evidence supporting the claims of the authors is solid. The work will be of interest from a global funder perspective, though somewhat less relevant for individual countries.

Reviewed by eLife