Epidemiology

Higher ratio of plasma omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids is associated with greater risk of all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular mortality: A population-based cohort study in UK Biobank

1. Yuchen Zhang
2. Yitang Sun
3. Qi Yu
4. Suhang Song
5. J Thomas Brenna
6. Ye Shen
7. Kaixiong Ye

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  The manuscript provides convincing evidence that both circulating omega-6 and omega-3 PUFAs are associated with lower all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular mortality in the UK BioBank population and that omega-3s have a stronger effect than omega-6s. The findings have important public health implications.

Reviewed by eLife

Design of the HPV-automated visual evaluation (PAVE) study: Validating a novel cervical screening strategy

1. Silvia de Sanjosé
2. Rebecca B Perkins
3. Nicole Campos
4. Federica Inturrisi
5. Didem Egemen
6. Brian Befano
7. Ana Cecilia Rodriguez
8. Jose Jerónimo
9. Li C Cheung
10. Kanan Desai
11. Paul Han
12. Akiva P Novetsky
13. Abigail Ukwuani
14. Jenna Marcus
15. Syed Rakin Ahmed
16. Nicolas Wentzensen
17. Jayashree Kalpathy-Cramer
18. Mark Schiffman
19. On behalf of the PAVE Study Group

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This important study will provide evidence about a novel screen-triage-treat strategy for cervical cancer prevention. The trial will generate convincing evidence regarding the efficacy, effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, feasibility and acceptability in a range of geographically spread low-resource settings. The strategy should contribute to improving access to cervical cancer prevention to vulnerable women with low access to health care, and, therefore, at the highest risk of cervical cancer.

Reviewed by eLife

Modeling resource allocation strategies for insecticide-treated bed nets to achieve malaria eradication

1. Nora Schmit
2. Hillary M Topazian
3. Matteo Pianella
4. Giovanni D Charles
5. Peter Winskill
6. Michael T White
7. Katharina Hauck
8. Azra C Ghani

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study presents a valuable finding on the optimal prioritization in different malaria transmission settings for the distribution of insecticide-treated nets to reduce the malaria burden. The evidence supporting the claims of the authors is solid. The work will be of interest from a global funder perspective, though somewhat less relevant for individual countries.

Reviewed by eLife

Sleep regularity and mortality: a prospective analysis in the UK Biobank

1. Lachlan Cribb
2. Ramon Sha
3. Stephanie Yiallourou
4. Natalie A Grima
5. Marina Cavuoto
6. Andree-Ann Baril
7. Matthew P Pase

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This manuscript provides fundamental findings on the association between sleep regularity and mortality in the UK Biobank, which is a popular topic in recent sleep and circadian research in population-based studies. The study is based on a large accelerometer study with validated follow-up of incident diseases and deaths, and the data quality and large sample size are convincing and strengthen the credibility of the conclusion. This will be of wide interest to researchers in the sleep study field, epidemiologists, practicing clinicians and the general public.

Reviewed by eLife

United States Influenza 2022–2023 Season Characteristics as Inferred from Wastewater Solids, Influenza Hospitalization, and Syndromic Data

1. Mary E. Schoen
2. Amanda L. Bidwell
3. Marlene K. Wolfe
4. Alexandria B. Boehm

Reviewed by Rapid Reviews Infectious Diseases

Identifying metabolic features of colorectal cancer liability using Mendelian randomization

1. Caroline Bull
2. Emma Hazelwood
3. Joshua A Bell
4. Vanessa Tan
5. Andrei-Emil Constantinescu
6. Carolina Borges
7. Danny Legge
8. Kimberley Burrows
9. Jeroen R Huyghe
10. Hermann Brenner
11. Sergi Castellvi-Bel
12. Andrew T Chan
13. Sun-Seog Kweon
14. Loic Le Marchand
15. Li Li
16. Iona Cheng
17. Rish K Pai
18. Jane C Figueiredo
19. Neil Murphy
20. Marc J Gunter
21. Nicholas J Timpson
22. Emma E Vincent

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  The manuscript by Bull et al provides valuable information on the relationship between metabolic features, in particular different lipoproteins and fatty acids, and colorectal cancer. They use solid methods and combine different data sources to analyze forward and reverse Mendelian Randomizations that support their claims.

Reviewed by eLife

Changes in stillbirths and child and youth mortality in 2020 and 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic

1. Enrique Acosta
2. Lucia Hug
3. Helena Cruz-Castanheira
4. David Sharrow
5. José Henrique Monteiro da Silva
6. Danzhen You

Reviewed by PREreview

The impact of the UK COVID-19 lockdown on the screening, diagnostics and incidence of breast, colorectal, lung and prostate cancer in the UK: a population-based cohort study

1. Nicola L. Barclay
2. Marta Pineda Moncusí
3. Annika M. Jödicke
4. Daniel Prieto-Alhambra
5. Berta Raventós
6. Danielle Newby
7. Antonella Delmestri
8. Wai Yi Man
9. Xihang Chen
10. Marti Català

Reviewed by PREreview

Effect of an enhanced public health contact tracing intervention on the secondary transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in educational settings: The four-way decomposition analysis

1. Olivera Djuric
2. Elisabetta Larosa
3. Mariateresa Cassinadri
4. Silvia Cilloni
5. Eufemia Bisaccia
6. Davide Pepe
7. Laura Bonvicini
8. Massimo Vicentini
9. Francesco Venturelli
10. Paolo Giorgi Rossi
11. Patrizio Pezzotti
12. Alberto Mateo Urdiales
13. Emanuela Bedeschi
14. The Reggio Emilia Covid-19 Working Group

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study provides a potentially useful assessment of the effect of testing contacts of cases in school classes when identified, rather than at the end of quarantine, on both the number of secondary infections and other outcomes including tracing delay and identification of the possible source of infection. The authors find that the intervention likely led to a decrease in tracing delay and an increase in the number of possible sources of infection, though were unable to determine whether secondary transmission decreased, due in part to unmeasured confounding. While the surveillance system described provides a solid dataset appropriate for this analysis, the description of methods, study outcomes, and consideration of potential confounding factors is incomplete.

Reviewed by eLife

Risk of second primary cancers after a diagnosis of first primary cancer: A pan-cancer analysis and Mendelian randomization study

1. Xiaohao Ruan
2. Da Huang
3. Yongle Zhan
4. Jingyi Huang
5. Jinlun Huang
6. Ada Tsui-Lin Ng
7. James Hok-Leung Tsu
8. Rong Na

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study presents a valuable finding on the associations and causal relationship between second primary cancers and the initial diagnosis of a primary cancer via using a large database. The evidence supporting the claims of the authors is solid. The work will be of interest to cancer clinicians.

Reviewed by eLife