Physiology

Cardiac electrophysiological remodeling associated with enhanced arrhythmia susceptibility in a canine model of elite exercise

1. Alexandra Polyák
2. Leila Topal
3. Noémi Zombori-Tóth
4. Noémi Tóth
5. János Prorok
6. Zsófia Kohajda
7. Szilvia Déri
8. Vivien Demeter-Haludka
9. Péter Hegyi
10. Viktória Venglovecz
11. Gergely Ágoston
12. Zoltán Husti
13. Péter Gazdag
14. Jozefina Szlovák
15. Tamás Árpádffy-Lovas
16. Muhammad Naveed
17. Annamária Sarusi
18. Norbert Jost
19. László Virág
20. Norbert Nagy
21. István Baczkó
22. Attila S Farkas
23. András Varró

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study presents valuable comprehensive data that underpin the enhanced ventricular arrhythmogenesis in elite trained athletes. The study is logistical challenge and the multiscale approaches used is a strength of the study. The data presented are strong and support most of the authors' claims.

Reviewed by eLife

Specific targeting of inflammatory osteoclastogenesis by the probiotic yeast S. boulardii CNCM I-745 reduces bone loss in osteoporosis

1. Maria-Bernadette Madel
2. Julia Halper
3. Lidia Ibáñez
4. Lozano Claire
5. Matthieu Rouleau
6. Antoine Boutin
7. Adrien Mahler
8. Rodolphe Pontier-Bres
9. Thomas Ciucci
10. Majlinda Topi
11. Christophe Hue
12. Jerome Amiaud
13. Salvador Iborra
14. David Sancho
15. Dominique Heymann
16. Henri-Jean Garchon
17. Dorota Czerucka
18. Florence Apparailly
19. Isabelle Duroux-Richard
20. Abdelilah Wakkach
21. Claudine Blin-Wakkach

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  In this work, the authors provide convincing evidence about the existence of two distinct osteoclast populations with specific expression profiles and properties and show that the probiotic yeast S. boulardii may be useful in managing inflammation-mediated bone loss, including estrogen deprivation-mediated osteoporosis. The reported study aims to bring the concept of heterogeneous osteoclasts into a proof-of-principle therapeutic application, which may mean that the use of probiotics might combat osteoporosis towards a better bone quality than current therapies. The molecular mechanism of how the probiotic yeast S. boulardii treatment acts via the receptors remains obscure since it might act via changes in the gut permeability or by components directly released by the fungus.

Reviewed by eLife

The differential regulation of placenta trophoblast bisphosphoglycerate mutase in fetal growth restriction: preclinical study in mice and observational histological study of human placenta

1. Sima Stroganov
2. Talia Harris
3. Liat Fellus-Alyagor
4. Lital Ben Moyal
5. Romina Plitman Mayo
6. Ofra Golani
7. Dana Hirsch
8. Shifra Ben-Dor
9. Alexander Brandis
10. Tevie Mehlman
11. Michal Kovo
12. Tal Biron-Shental
13. Nava Dekel
14. Michal Neeman

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study presents a valuable finding of the role of under investigated pathway associated with development of placental oxygenation during pregnancy. The evidence supporting the claims of the authors is incomplete, although inclusion of a larger number of patient samples and an animal model have strengthened the study. The work will be of interest to developmental biologists working on placental function.

Reviewed by eLife

Impaired iron recycling from erythrocytes is an early hallmark of aging

1. Patryk Slusarczyk
2. Pratik Kumar Mandal
3. Gabriela Zurawska
4. Marta Niklewicz
5. Komal Chouhan
6. Raghunandan Mahadeva
7. Aneta Jończy
8. Matylda Macias
9. Aleksandra Szybinska
10. Magdalena Cybulska-Lubak
11. Olga Krawczyk
12. Sylwia Herman
13. Michal Mikula
14. Remigiusz Serwa
15. Małgorzata Lenartowicz
16. Wojciech Pokrzywa
17. Katarzyna Mleczko-Sanecka

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  Slusarczyk et al demonstrate that red pulp macrophages (RPM), specialized splenic cells that clear senescent red blood cells through erythrophagocytosis, show diminished function in aging mice. This impairment leads to retention of hemolytic red blood cells and formation of extracellular aggregates which further exacerbate RPM demise. Iron restriction alleviates most of these symptoms in aging RPMs. They propose RPM collapse as an early indicator of aging that could be reversed through iron limitation.

Reviewed by eLife

Vitamin B2 enables regulation of fasting glucose availability

1. Peter M Masschelin
2. Pradip Saha
3. Scott A Ochsner
4. Aaron R Cox
5. Kang Ho Kim
6. Jessica B Felix
7. Robert Sharp
8. Xin Li
9. Lin Tan
10. Jun Hyoung Park
11. Liping Wang
12. Vasanta Putluri
13. Philip L Lorenzi
14. Alli M Nuotio-Antar
15. Zheng Sun
16. Benny Abraham Kaipparettu
17. Nagireddy Putluri
18. David D Moore
19. Scott A Summers
20. Neil J McKenna
21. Sean M Hartig

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  Masschelin et al. investigate the role of Vitamin B2 (riboflavin), an essential cofactor for FAD and FMN coenzymes involved in the electron transport chain and TCA cycle, in fasting glucose metabolism. This study phenotypes B2-deficient mice liver and provides valuable data on genes and metabolites that are changed with B2 depletion +/- Fenofibrate administration. The work employs solid methodology and will be of interest to liver physiologists interested in fasting in the context of PPAR.

Reviewed by eLife

An automated feeding system for the African killifish reveals the impact of diet on lifespan and allows scalable assessment of associative learning

1. Andrew McKay
2. Emma K Costa
3. Jingxun Chen
4. Chi-Kuo Hu
5. Xiaoshan Chen
6. Claire N Bedbrook
7. Rishad C Khondker
8. Mike Thielvoldt
9. Param Priya Singh
10. Tony Wyss-Coray
11. Anne Brunet

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  McKay, et al. describe development of a new wireless, network-enabled automated feeder system with which diet amount and schedule can be controlled across individually housed killifish. The system is constructed using open-source components and software and is amenable to manufacture by individual research groups and is highly scalable. The authors then use this system to explore dietary restriction effects on killifish lifespan and to develop an associative learning assay, two important goals in the KF /longevity field. The authors demonstrate that precise control of food allows automated investigation of lifespan extension under calorie restriction conditions. Secondly, they show an exciting modification of the system that involves only addition of a simple LED light. This modification allows use of the system in an associative learning / conditioning paradigm. Finally, using this paradigm, they demonstrate an age-dependent decline in learning.

Reviewed by eLife

Age-associated sleep-wake patterns are altered with Prdm13 signaling in the dorsomedial hypothalamus and dietary restriction in mice

1. Shogo Tsuji
2. Cynthia S Brace
3. Ruiqing Yao
4. Yoshitaka Tanie
5. Hirobumi Tada
6. Nicholas Rensing
7. Seiya Mizuno
8. Julio Almunia
9. Yingyi Kong
10. Kazuhiro Nakamura
11. Noboru Ogiso
12. Shinya Toyokuni
13. Satoru Takahashi
14. Michael Wong
15. Shin-ichiro Imai
16. Akiko Satoh

Reviewed by Review Commons, PREreview

Tenotomy-induced muscle atrophy is sex-specific and independent of NFκB

1. Gretchen A Meyer
2. Stavros Thomopoulos
3. Yousef Abu-Amer
4. Karen C Shen

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  The purpose of the study was to evaluate the transcription factor NF-kB, a common transcription factor that is thought to mediate muscle atrophy, in the setting of a rotator cuff injury. The authors used gain of function and loss of function NF-kB inhibitors to show that, surprisingly, NF-kB does not seem to be a major mediator of muscle atrophy in this model (as compared to other atrophy models), but there are sex-related differences. They found that male mice were more likely to have atrophy regulated by autophagy, both of which are interesting, novel findings.

Reviewed by eLife

A prebiotic diet modulates microglial states and motor deficits in α-synuclein overexpressing mice

1. Reem Abdel-Haq
2. Johannes CM Schlachetzki
3. Joseph C Boktor
4. Thaisa M Cantu-Jungles
5. Taren Thron
6. Mengying Zhang
7. John W Bostick
8. Tahmineh Khazaei
9. Sujatha Chilakala
10. Livia H Morais
11. Greg Humphrey
12. Ali Keshavarzian
13. Jonathan E Katz
14. Matthew Thomson
15. Rob Knight
16. Viviana Gradinaru
17. Bruce R Hamaker
18. Christopher K Glass
19. Sarkis K Mazmanian

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  The complex mechanisms through which diet impact Parkinson's Disease are unclear, limiting the ability to guide patients to an optimal diet. Here, researchers use a mouse model to test the impact of dietary fiber, revealing changes in gut microbes and immune cells in the brain. This study raises intriguing hypotheses about how diet-induced changes in the microbiome could lead to changes in brain function.

Reviewed by eLife

Mechanosensitive pore opening of a prokaryotic voltage-gated sodium channel

1. Peter R Strege
2. Luke M Cowan
3. Constanza Alcaino
4. Amelia Mazzone
5. Christopher A Ahern
6. Lorin S Milescu
7. Gianrico Farrugia
8. Arthur Beyder

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment:

  This manuscript presents a biophysical study of the nature of the mechanosensitivity of voltage-gated sodium channels. The identification of a voltage-independent mechanosensitive step is well founded, the proposal that this step is the intracellular gate is plausible speculation. It is expected to be of interest to scientists studying the physical basis of mechanosensitivity in electrophysiology.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife