Neuroscience

Different serotonergic neurons regulate appetite for sucrose and hunger for proteins

1. Katharina Dorn
2. Magdalena Gompert
3. Jianzheng He
4. Henrike Scholz

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study presents the state-dependent role of serotonin for the protein and sugar intake of Drosophila by expressing a dominant-negative serotonin transporter in subsets of serotoninergic neurons. This paper is valuable for neuroscientists working on neuromodulation and the effects of internal states such as hunger, however the characterization of behavioral and neuroanatomical data is incomplete.

Reviewed by eLife

Unique longitudinal contributions of sulcal interruptions to reading acquisition in children

1. Florence Bouhali
2. Jessica Dubois
3. Fumiko Hoeft
4. Kevin S Weiner

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This valuable study relating brain anatomy to reading ability in children studied longitudinally finds that a difference in sulcal anatomy is more predictive of reading ability than cognitive measures. The evidence that this anatomical difference is predictive and confers some benefit in the connectivity between brain areas is based on careful analyses and is solid. The findings would be of interest to researchers studying brain and cognitive development.

Reviewed by eLife

Assessing the balance between excitation and inhibition in chronic pain through the aperiodic component of EEG

1. Cristina Gil Avila
2. Elisabeth S May
3. Felix S Bott
4. Laura Tiemann
5. Vanessa Hohn
6. Henrik Heitmann
7. Paul Theo Zebhauser
8. Joachim Gross
9. Markus Ploner

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  Gil Ávila et al. evaluated the aperiodic component in the medial prefrontal cortex using resting-state EEG recordings from 149 individuals with chronic pain and 115 healthy participants. The authors present compelling evidence that the aperiodic component of the EEG does not differentiate between those with chronic pain and healthy individuals. The study was well-designed and rigorously conducted, and the clear and conclusive results provide important insights that can guide future research in the field of pain neuroscience.

Reviewed by eLife

Bridging the 3D geometrical organisation of white matter pathways across anatomical length scales and species

1. Hans Martin Kjer
2. Mariam Andersson
3. Yi He
4. Alexandra Pacureanu
5. Alessandro Daducci
6. Marco Pizzolato
7. Tim Salditt
8. Anna-Lena Robisch
9. Marina Eckermann
10. Mareike Töpperwien
11. Anders Bjorholm Dahl
12. Maria Louise Elkjær
13. Zsolt Illes
14. Maurice Ptito
15. Vedrana Andersen Dahl
16. Tim B Dyrby

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This valuable study presents new observations on white matter organisation at the micron scale, using a combination of synchrotron imaging and diffusion MRI across two species. Notably, the authors provide solid evidence for the fasciculation of axons within major fibre bundles into laminar structures, though these structures are not consistently observed across modalities or species. The study will be of general interest to neuroanatomists and those interested in white matter imaging.

Reviewed by eLife

Nutritional state-dependent modulation of insulin-producing cells in Drosophila

1. Rituja S Bisen
2. Fathima Mukthar Iqbal
3. Federico Cascino-Milani
4. Till Bockemühl
5. Jan M Ache

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  With compelling electrophysiological and behavioural evidence, this work establishes that the activity of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) depends on the nutritional state in Drosophila and that, like in mammals, there is also an incretin-like effect with IPCs responding to glucose feeding but not to glucose perfusion. Moreover, the authors demonstrate that DH44 neurons respond to glucose perfusion and, together with IPCs, modulate locomotor activity. This important study on the neuronal regulation of metabolic homeostasis will be of interest to both neuroscience and to medical research in diabetes.

Reviewed by eLife

Outer hair cells stir cochlear fluids

1. Choongheon Lee
2. Mohammad Shokrian
3. Kenneth S Henry
4. Laurel H Carney
5. J Christopher Holt
6. Jong-Hoon Nam

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  Although others have proposed that OHC electromotility subserves cochlear amplification by acting as a "fluid pump", and evidence for this has been found using electrical stimulation of excised cochleae, this important study substantially advances our understanding of cochlear homeostasis. This is the first report to test the pumping effect in vivo and consider its implications for cochlear homeostasis and drug delivery. The manuscript provides convincing evidence for OHC-based fluid flow within the cochlea.

Reviewed by eLife

Psychological stress disturbs bone metabolism via miR-335-3p/Fos signaling in osteoclast

1. Jiayao Zhang
2. Juan Li
3. Jiehong Huang
4. Xuerui Xiang
5. Ruoyu Li
6. Yun Zhai
7. Shuxian Lin
8. Weicai Liu

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  The manuscript presents valuable findings of bone remodeling under chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). This is an interesting work on mental stress on bone health and osteoporosis, and the authors offer solid evidence of decreased bone mass mediated by miR-335-3p/Fos signaling in osteoclasts that are involved in the induction of bone loss caused by CUMS. This revised version provided new data that improved the quality of the manuscript and addressed the reviewers' concerns.

Reviewed by eLife

Circadian control of a sex-specific behaviour in Drosophila

1. Sabrina Riva
2. M Fernanda Ceriani
3. Sebastián Risau-Gusman
4. D Lorena Franco

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important study used an automated system to collect eggs laid over the course of multiple days by individual female Drosophila to successfully reveal a robust yet noisy circadian rhythm of egg-laying. Their results show that the neural control of this rhythm is entirely different from the one that controls locomotor activity rhythmicity. Preliminary connectome-based analyses provide evidence for connections between the relevant clock neurons and neurons involved in oviposition. The evidence provided is solid, although using an independent tool for targeted knockdown of clock genes and including the time series of representative individuals for all genotypes tested would help interpret the results.

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Boundary conditions for synaptic homeodynamics during the sleep-wake cycle

1. Fukuaki L. Kinoshita
2. Rikuhiro G. Yamada
3. Koji L. Ode
4. Hiroki R. Ueda

Reviewed by Review Commons

Tachykinin1-expressing neurons in the parasubthalamic nucleus control active avoidance learning

1. Ruining Hu
2. Nannan Wu
3. Tong Liu
4. Liuting Zou
5. Songjie Lv
6. Xiao Huang
7. Rongfeng K Hu

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This useful work identifies a key role for Tachykinin-1 parasubthalamic neurons in avoidance learning. At present, the evidence for the conclusions regarding fiber photometry, viral transfection, reporting of behavioral outcomes, and pathway-specificity is incomplete. This work will be of interest to neuroscientists studying neural mechanisms for avoidance and aversion.

Reviewed by eLife