Neuroscience

Comparative fMRI reveals differences in the functional organization of the visual cortex for animacy perception in dogs and humans

1. Eszter Borbála Farkas
2. Raúl Hernández-Pérez
3. Laura Veronica Cuaya
4. Eduardo Rojas-Hortelano
5. Márta Gácsi
6. Attila Andics

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This useful study presents a comparative investigation of category selectivity in dogs and humans. The study compares brain representations of animate and inanimate objects, replicating and extending previous reports in this nascent field of dog FMRI. The methods and results seem to lack sufficient detail, appropriate controls, or statistical evidence, so at this stage of the review process, the strength of evidence is deemed incomplete.

Reviewed by eLife

On CA1 ripple oscillations: reevaluating asynchronicity evidence

1. Robson Scheffer-Teixeira
2. Adriano Tort

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This valuable study provides new insights into the synchronization of ripple oscillations in the hippocampus, both within and across hemispheres. Using carefully designed statistical methods, it presents convincing evidence that synchrony is significantly higher within a hemisphere than across. However, further controlling for potential confounds related to differences in animal behavior will help clarify whether this effect is influenced by memory processing. This study will be of interest to neuroscientists studying the hippocampus and memory.

Reviewed by eLife

Task‐specific topology of brain networks supporting working memory and inhibition

1. Timofey Adamovich
2. Victoria Ismatullina
3. Nadezhda Chipeeva
4. Ilya Zakharov
5. Inna Feklicheva
6. Sergey Malykh

Reviewed by PREreview

Dissociable memory modulation mechanisms facilitate fear amnesia at different timescales

1. Yinmei Ni
2. Ye Wang
3. Zijian Zhu
4. Jingchu Hu
5. Daniela Schiller
6. Jian Li

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  The valuable findings in this study reveal an intricate pattern of memory expression following retrieval extinction at different intervals from retrieval-extinction to test. They document that immediately after extinction there is a nonselective impairment in memory, which leads to no impairment at a 6-hour interval. At a 24-hour interval, there is a selective impairment. The evidence supporting the claims is incomplete and there are inconsistencies in the analyses reported that obscure the interpretation.

Reviewed by eLife

MLCK/MLCP regulates mammalian axon regeneration and redistributes the growth cone F-actin

1. Saijilafu
2. Wei-Hua Wang
3. Jin-Jin Ma
4. Yin Yin
5. Yan-Xia Ma

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  Saijilafu et al. describe valuable findings suggesting that MLCK and MLCP bidirectionally regulate NMII phosphorylation ultimately impinging on axonal growth during regeneration in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Solid evidence is collected from culture and in vivo models, and through pharmacologic and genetic loss-of-function approaches. However, how MLCK and MLCP regulates NMII activity is not fully addressed or discussed. In sum, this knowledge is of potential interest for the field due to the relevance of identifying mechanistic details that regulate axonal regeneration

Reviewed by eLife

A novel method (RIM-Deep) for enhancing imaging depth and resolution stability of deep cleared tissue in inverted confocal microscopy

1. Yisi Liu
2. Pu Wang
3. Junjie Zou
4. Hongwei Zhou

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study describes a useful technique to improve imaging depth using confocal microscopy for imaging large, cleared samples. The work is supported by solid findings and will be of broad interest to many microscopical researchers in different fields who want a cost effective way to image deep into samples.

Reviewed by eLife

Pervasive neurovascular dysfunction in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex of female depressed suicides with a history of childhood abuse

1. Marina Wakid
2. Daniel Almeida
3. Ryan Denniston
4. Anjali Chawla
5. Zahia Aouabed
6. Maria Antonietta Davoli
7. Kristin Ellerbeck
8. Reza Rahimian
9. Volodymyr Yerko
10. Elena Leonova-Erko
11. Gustavo Turecki
12. Naguib Mechawar

Reviewed by PREreview

Enhanced neural speech tracking through noise indicates stochastic resonance in humans

1. Björn Herrmann

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study presents an important contribution to the understanding of neural speech tracking, demonstrating how minimal background noise can enhance the neural tracking of the amplitude-onset envelope. The evidence, through a well-designed series of EEG experiments, is convincing. This work will be of interest to auditory scientists, particularly those investigating biological markers of speech processing.

Reviewed by eLife

Rab10 inactivation promotes AMPAR trafficking and spine enlargement during long-term potentiation

1. Jie Wang
2. Jun Nishiyama
3. Paula Parra-Bueno
4. Elwy Okaz
5. Goksu Oz
6. Xiaodan Liu
7. Tetsuya Watabe
8. Irena Suponitsky-Kroyter
9. Timothy E McGraw
10. Erzsebet M Szatmari
11. Ryohei Yasuda

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This is an important study that describes the development of optical biosensors for various Rab GTPases and explores the contributions of Rab10 and Rab4 to structural and functional plasticity at hippocampal synapses during glutamate uncaging. The evidence supporting the conclusions of the paper is solid, and several improvements were noted by the reviewers upon revision, although some persisting inconsistencies would benefit from further clarification.

Reviewed by eLife

Elevated pyramidal cell firing orchestrates arteriolar vasoconstriction through COX-2-derived prostaglandin E2 signaling

1. Benjamin Le Gac
2. Marine Tournissac
3. Esther Belzic
4. Sandrine Picaud
5. Isabelle Dusart
6. Hédi Soula
7. Dongdong Li
8. Serge Charpak
9. Bruno Cauli

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study presents important findings on the role of pyramidal cells driving vasoconstriction in brain arteries through a COX-2/PGE2 pathway, with additional contributions from NPY (interneurons) and 20-HETE (astrocytes). Optogenetic stimulation of cortical pyramidal neurons induces vasoconstriction, potentially leading to oxygen and nutrient undersupply in regions with sustained activation - a mechanism potentially relevant under pathological conditions. The authors provide convincing evidence from brain slice experiments and some in vivo data from anesthetized animals, carefully discussing the strengths and limitations of both approaches.

Reviewed by eLife