Neuroscience

Co-release of opposing signaling molecules controls the escalation and release of aggression

1. Rachel E. Gatlin
2. Jordyn Gagon
3. Damhyeon Kwak
4. Sewon Park
5. Hailee Walker
6. Lo Kronheim
7. Thomas Everett
8. Ashley Covington
9. Michaela M. Fluck
10. Tobias Zickmund
11. Nicholas A. Frost
12. Moriel Zelikowsky

Reviewed by PREreview

Morphology and ultrastructure of pharyngeal sense organs of Drosophila larvae

1. Vincent Richter
2. Tilman Triphan
3. Albert Cardona
4. Andreas S Thum

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  In this fundamental manuscript, Richter et al. present a thorough anatomical characterization of the Drosophila melanogaster larval pharyngeal sensory system, which is involved in taste-guided behaviors. This study fills a major gap in the larval sensory map, providing a compelling neuroanatomical foundation for future investigations into sensory circuits and behavior. The data presented here are of exceptional quality and will be of interest to the Drosophila neurobiology community.

Reviewed by eLife

From cognition to compensation: Neurocomputational mechanisms of guilt-driven and shame-driven altruistic behavior

1. Ruida Zhu
2. Huanqing Wang
3. Chunliang Feng
4. Linyuan Yin
5. Ran Zhang
6. Chao Liu

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important work provides convincing evidence of the cognitive and neural mechanisms that give rise to feelings of shame and guilt, as well as their transformation into compensatory behavior. The authors combine well-designed manipulations of responsibility and harm with computational cognitive modeling and neuroimaging to provide a comprehensive account of how emotions are experienced and acted upon.

Reviewed by eLife

Eye-specific active zone clustering underlies synaptic competition in the developing visual system

1. Chenghang Zhang
2. Tarlan Vatan
3. Colenso M Speer

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This is a useful analysis of STORM data that characterizes the clustering of active zones in retinogeniculate terminals across ages and in the absence of retinal waves. The design makes it possible to relate fixed time point structural data to a known outcome of activity-dependent remodeling. However, the evidence is incomplete, weakening the claims the authors make regarding how activity influences the clustering of these synapses. This basic criticism has not improved with revisions.

Reviewed by eLife

Remote automated delivery of mechanical stimuli coupled to brain recordings in behaving mice

1. Justin Burdge
2. Anissa Jhumka
3. Ashar Khan
4. Simon Ogundare
5. Nicholas Baer
6. Sasha Fulton
7. Alexander Kaplan
8. Brittany Bistis
9. William Foster
10. Joshua Thackray
11. Andre Toussaint
12. Miao Li
13. Yosuke M Morizawa
14. Jacob Nazarian
15. Leah Yadessa
16. Arlene J George
17. Abednego Delinois
18. Wadzanayi Mayiseni
19. Noah Loran
20. Guang Yang
21. David J Margolis
22. Victoria E Abraira
23. Ishmail Abdus-Saboor

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important study describes the development and validation of an Automated Reproducible Mechano-stimulator (ARM), a tool for standardizing and automating tactile behavior experiments. The data supporting the use of the ARM system are compelling, and demonstrate that by removing experimenter effects on animals, it reduces variability in various parameters of stimulus application. Moreover, the authors demonstrate that any noise emitted from the ARM does not induce an increased stress state. Once commercially available, the ARM system has the potential to increase experimental reproducibility between laboratories in the somatosentation and pain fields.

Reviewed by eLife

RubyACRs Enable Red-Shifted Optogenetic Inhibition in Freely Behaving Drosophila

1. Daniel Bushey
2. Hiroshi Shiozaki
3. Yichun Shuai
4. Jihong Zheng
5. Vivek Jayaraman
6. Jeremy P Hasseman
7. Ilya Kolb
8. GENIE Project Team
9. Glenn C Turner

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important work describes the adaptation and evaluation of two red-shifted anion channelrhodopsins (RubyACRs) for optogenetic inhibition in Drosophila. The study provides convincing evidence for the effectiveness of RubyACRs in fly neurons, including electrophysiology, calcium imaging, and behavioral analysis. With minor revisions to address potential toxicity and compatibility with 2-photon imaging, this paper and the publicly available fly lines it describes will be resources that are of value to the neuroscience community.

Reviewed by eLife

Misclassification in memory modification in AppNL-G-F knock-in mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

1. Mei-Lun Huang
2. Yusuke Suzuki
3. Hiroki Sasaguri
4. Takashi Saito
5. Takaomi C Saido
6. Itaru Imayoshi

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This valuable study employs a formalized computational model of learning to assess memory deficits in Alzheimer's Disease with the goal of developing an early diagnosis tool. Using an established mouse model of the disease, the authors studied multiple behavioral tasks and ages with the goal of showing similarities in behavioral deficits across tasks. Using the model, the authors indicate specific deficits in memory (overgeneralization and over differentiation) in mice with the transgene for the disease. The evidence presented is solid, yet certain concerns remain regarding the interpretation of the results of the modeling.

Reviewed by eLife

Decision-making components and times revealed by the single-trial electro-encephalogram

1. Gabriel Weindel
2. Jelmer P Borst
3. Leendert van Maanen

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important study applies a novel signal decomposition method to disentangle distinct signals contributing to the decision-making process, and provides convincing evidence for the operation of separate sensory encoding, attentional orienting, and ramping evidence accumulation signals. These findings are consistent with previous work, except for the absence of a motor component, which may relate to limitations of the analysis approach.

Reviewed by eLife

A conserved Arf-GEF modulates axonal integrity through RAB-35 by altering neuron-epidermal attachment

1. Igor Bonacossa-Pereira
2. Sean Coakley
3. Massimo A. Hilliard

Reviewed by Review Commons

iGABASnFR2: Improved genetically encoded protein sensors of GABA

1. Ilya Kolb
2. Jeremy P Hasseman
3. Akihiro Matsumoto
4. Thomas P Jensen
5. Olga Kopach
6. Benjamin J Arthur
7. Yan Zhang
8. Arthur Tsang
9. Daniel Reep
10. Getahun Tsegaye
11. Jihong Zheng
12. Ronak H Patel
13. Loren L Looger
14. Jonathan S Marvin
15. Wyatt L Korff
16. Dmitri A Rusakov
17. Keisuke Yonehara
18. GENIE Project Team
19. Glenn C Turner

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This manuscript reports the development and characterization of iGABASnFR2, a genetically encoded GABA sensor that demonstrates substantially improved performance compared to its predecessor, iGABASnFR1. The work is comprehensive and methodologically rigorous, combining high-throughput mutagenesis, functional screening, structural analysis, biophysical characterization, and in vivo validation. The significance of the findings is fundamental, and the supporting evidence is compelling. iGABASnFR2 represents a notable advance in GABA sensor engineering, enabling enhanced imaging of GABA transmission both in brain slices and in vivo, and constitutes a timely, technically robust addition to the molecular toolkit for neuroscience research.

Reviewed by eLife, PREreview