Neuroscience

IL-37 expression reduces acute and chronic neuroinflammation and rescues cognitive impairment in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model

1. Niklas Lonnemann
2. Shirin Hosseini
3. Melanie Ohm
4. Robert Geffers
5. Karsten Hiller
6. Charles A Dinarello
7. Martin Korte

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This study will be of interest to scientists studying neuroinflammation and searching for potential therapeutic targets. The findings here have revealed the effects of an anti-inflammatory cytokine, human IL-37 (hIL-37), in the central nervous system of mice. The data support the conclusions within the current mouse models. Since hIL-37 is not naturally expressed in mice, more evidence related to human cells or tissues would strengthen the physiological significance.

  This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.

Reviewed by eLife

Fast, high-throughput production of improved rabies viral vectors for specific, efficient and versatile transsynaptic retrograde labeling

1. Anton Sumser
2. Maximilian Joesch
3. Peter Jonas
4. Yoav Ben-Simon

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  Rabies-mediated monosynaptic retrograde tracing is a powerful method to characterize the connectivity of neural circuits. The CVS-N2c strain of rabies virus shows significantly higher efficiency of transsynaptic spread and less toxicity than the more commonly used SAD B19 strain but has been limited in use by an arduous and lengthy packaging process and low resultant titers. Here, Sumser et al. present a method that significantly speeds up the production process while reducing off-target expression. They also introduce a suite of novel reagents (34 novel plasmids) for monosynaptic tracing with the CVS-N2c strain that they commendably, have already deposited with Addgene. The work is an important advance that will reinvigorate rabies-mediated circuit tracing.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #2 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Development of visual cortex in human neonates is selectively modified by postnatal experience

1. Mingyang Li
2. Tingting Liu
3. Xinyi Xu
4. Qingqing Wen
5. Zhiyong Zhao
6. Xixi Dang
7. Yi Zhang
8. Dan Wu

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  Overall, this study will make significant contributions to developmental neuroscience and vision science as they attempt to study how prenatal and postnatal maturation influence structural-functional measurements in the early and high-level visual cortex. These results will be of broad interest as it is a novel attempt to study processes that might be innate or genetically wired and those that emerge due to worldly experiences within the sensory systems. The authors are addressing an important and timely question based on a large and impressive infant database.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #2 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Ultrafast simulation of large-scale neocortical microcircuitry with biophysically realistic neurons

1. Viktor J Oláh
2. Nigel P Pedersen
3. Matthew JM Rowan

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This paper demonstrates that artificial neural networks can be used to accurately predict the responses of biologically-detailed neuron models to synaptic inputs, and hence to approximate the behaviour of networks of such neurons. This study potentially opens the door to massively reduced simulation times for biologically-detailed neuronal network simulations without recourse to supercomputers and hence will be of broad interest to computational neuroscientists.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #3 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Channel-independent function of UNC-9/Innexin in spatial arrangement of GABAergic synapses in C. elegans

1. Ardalan Hendi
2. Long-Gang Niu
3. Andrew William Snow
4. Richard Ikegami
5. Zhao-Wen Wang
6. Kota Mizumoto

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This paper describes novel insights into the potential function of innexin proteins, which are electrical synapse-forming proteins with often quite enigmatic in vivo functions. The authors describe here potential functions in synapse tiling. The paper should be of interest to researchers with interests in molecular mechanisms governing nervous system development.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #3 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

NaV1.1 is essential for proprioceptive signaling and motor behaviors

1. Cyrrus M Espino
2. Cheyanne M Lewis
3. Serena Ortiz
4. Miloni S Dalal
5. Snigdha Garlapalli
6. Kaylee M Wells
7. Darik A O'Neil
8. Katherine A Wilkinson
9. Theanne N Griffith

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This study provides insight into the identity of the sodium channel controlling excitability in proprioceptors. Using pharmacology, gene KO, behavior, and histology, the authors show quite convincingly that NaV1.1 in sensory neurons is essential for normal motor behavior and contributes to proprioceptor excitability. The work has interesting implications for human subjects with inherited variants of Nav1.1.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 and Reviewer #2 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

A transcriptome atlas of leg muscles from healthy human volunteers reveals molecular and cellular signatures associated with muscle location

1. Tooba Abbassi-Daloii
2. Salma el Abdellaoui
3. Lenard M Voortman
4. Thom TJ Veeger
5. Davy Cats
6. Hailiang Mei
7. Duncan E Meuffels
8. Ewoud van Arkel
9. Peter AC 't Hoen
10. Hermien E Kan
11. Vered Raz

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This extensive study dissects the different gene expression patterns in a large set of different human lower limb muscles. It is an extensive transcriptome study. Its potential importance is that it points out insights into their differing changes in particular muscle diseases associated with specific gene defects.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Mesoscale cortex-wide neural dynamics predict self-initiated actions in mice several seconds prior to movement

1. Catalin Mitelut
2. Yongxu Zhang
3. Yuki Sekino
4. Jamie D Boyd
5. Federico Bollanos
6. Nicholas V Swindale
7. Greg Silasi
8. Shreya Saxena
9. Timothy H Murphy

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  The neural correlates of voluntary action is one of the most intriguing questions in neuroscience, but studying it at laboratory settings is incredibly difficult. Here, the authors have used an impressive range of methods and analyses approaches in mice to investigate the neural activity preceding voluntary action in mice. Using widefield calcium imaging in mice to study volition is novel and welcome but the great strength of this paper is its wide range of analyses approaches. There remains a question to what extent the findings reveal specific properties of 'voluntary action,'.

  This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.

Reviewed by eLife

Low and high frequency intracranial neural signals match in the human associative cortex

1. Corentin Jacques
2. Jacques Jonas
3. Sophie Colnat-Coulbois
4. Louis Maillard
5. Bruno Rossion

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This paper can provide novel basic science insights into how brain responses at different frequencies signal sensory information. An analysis of intracranial recordings in 121 human participants shows that low-frequency local field potentials and high-frequency (>30 Hz) broadband activity in response to face stimuli have largely similar spatial, functional, and timing properties. However, it is essential to show that the two response types can be reliably disambiguated and to critically discuss the generalizability of the findings.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Direct fluorescent labeling of NF186 and NaV1.6 in living primary neurons using bioorthogonal click chemistry

1. Nevena Stajković
2. Yuanyuan Liu
3. Aleksandra Arsić
4. Ning Meng
5. Hang Lyu
6. Nan Zhang
7. Dirk Grimm
8. Holger Lerche
9. Ivana Nikić-Spiegel

Reviewed by Review Commons