Neuroscience

Neuron-derived Thioredoxin-80: a novel regulator of type-I interferon response in microglia

1. Julen Goikolea
2. Jean-Pierre Roussarie
3. Gorka Gerenu
4. Raul Loera-Valencia
5. Maria Latorre-Leal
6. Angel Cedazo-Minguez
7. Patricia Rodriguez-Rodriguez
8. Silvia Maioli

Reviewed by Review Commons

Necroptosis inhibition counteracts neurodegeneration, memory decline, and key hallmarks of aging, promoting brain rejuvenation

1. Macarena S. Arrázola
2. Matías Lira
3. Felipe Véliz‐Valverde
4. Gabriel Quiroz
5. Somya Iqbal
6. Samantha L. Eaton
7. Douglas J. Lamont
8. Hernán Huerta
9. Gonzalo Ureta
10. Sebastián Bernales
11. J. César Cárdenas
12. Waldo Cerpa
13. Thomas M. Wishart
14. Felipe A. Court

Reviewed by Review Commons

Disruption in structural–functional network repertoire and time-resolved subcortical fronto-temporoparietal connectivity in disorders of consciousness

1. Rajanikant Panda
2. Aurore Thibaut
3. Ane Lopez-Gonzalez
4. Anira Escrichs
5. Mohamed Ali Bahri
6. Arjan Hillebrand
7. Gustavo Deco
8. Steven Laureys
9. Olivia Gosseries
10. Jitka Annen
11. Prejaas Tewarie

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary

  This study aims to characterise the brain dynamics of different disorders of consciousness by studying patients in a minimally conscious state and those with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome, along with healthy controls. The authors apply elegant analyses to the dynamics of brain functional connectivity to successfully discriminate between healthy controls and patients, revealing reduced metastability and a contracted network repertoire in disorders of consciousness. Overall, the study provides important new information on the mechanisms of disorders of consciousness and the functional brain networks involved.

  This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.

Reviewed by eLife

Cortical layer‐specific modulation of neuronal activity after sensory deprivation due to spinal cord injury

1. Marta Zaforas
2. Juliana M. Rosa
3. Elena Alonso‐Calviño
4. Elena Fernández‐López
5. Claudia Miguel‐Quesada
6. Antonio Oliviero
7. Juan Aguilar

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  Zaforas et al. conducted a high-quality study on a very complex topic, using advanced layer-specific neuronal recording techniques. Their findings might be especially interesting for pre-clinical and clinical researchers as well as clinicians in the field of SCI-related sensory pathologies such as neuropathic pain. However, methodological limitations prevent clear mechanistic insight into the underlying causes of their effects.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #3 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Awareness-Dependent Normalization Framework of Visual Bottom-up Attention

1. Shiyu Wang
2. Ling Huang
3. Qinglin Chen
4. Jingyi Wang
5. Siting Xu
6. Xilin Zhang

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  The study claims to demonstrate an interplay between awareness and bottom-up attention and explains their joint effects within an established normalization framework. How awareness fits into current computational theory is an important and timely undertaking that has a far-reaching impact on our understanding of visual and cognitive function. Although the study uses control experiments and analyses to reinforce their claims, shortcomings in their experimental approach require further clarification and data to adequately support the study's conclusions.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Alpha Oscillations Shape Sensory Representation and Perceptual Sensitivity

1. Ying Joey Zhou
2. Luca Iemi
3. Jan-Mathijs Schoffelen
4. Floris P. de Lange
5. Saskia Haegens

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This work investigates how prestimulus alpha neural oscillations differentially modulate sensory signal and noise during visual detection and demonstrates that alpha power correlates with the subject's perceptual discriminability but not with decision criterion, supporting that alpha power modulates sensory signals more strongly than noise. The key conceptual claim is directly related to existing claims in the literature, although this is an unusually elegant experimental demonstration of the phenomenon.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Predictive Feedback, Early Sensory Representations, and Fast Responses to Predicted Stimuli Depend on NMDA Receptors

1. Sounak Mohanta
2. Mohsen Afrasiabi
3. Cameron P. Casey
4. Sean Tanabe
5. Michelle J. Redinbaugh
6. Niranjan A. Kambi
7. Jessica M. Phillips
8. Daniel Polyakov
9. William Filbey
10. Joseph L. Austerweil
11. Robert D. Sanders
12. Yuri B. Saalmann

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  In this study, the authors investigated how predictions modulate performance using a combination of pharmacological experiments, high-density EEG, Bayesian modeling, and machine learning. This is an interesting study with a complex set of analyses. The detailed assessment and interpretation of all the findings could be strengthened by providing a more unified and hypotheses-driven approach.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Mutations affecting the N-terminal domains of SHANK3 point to different pathomechanisms in neurodevelopmental disorders

1. Daniel Woike
2. Emily Wang
3. Debora Tibbe
4. Fatemeh Hassani Nia
5. Antonio Virgilio Failla
6. Maria Kibæk
7. Tinett Martesen Overgård
8. Martin J. Larsen
9. Christina R. Fagerberg
10. Igor Barsukov
11. Hans-Jürgen Kreienkamp

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This study identifies a novel Shank3 mutation from individuals with ADHD-like syndrome and tests the impacts of this mutation together with other known Shank3 mutations on inter- and intramolecular protein-protein interactions of Shank3 involving the N-terminal SPN and Ank repeats. The results indicate that Shank3 mutations have diverse impacts on the intramolecular SPN-Ank domains and the interaction of Shank3 with other proteins including delta-catenin, fodrin, and CaMKIIa. Overall, the results of the study are novel and of high quality. Considering the lack of detailed biochemical understanding on various Shank3 mutations associated with PMS, ASD, and schizophrenia, this study is a meaningful step forward in the basic understanding of Shank3 functions and related pathophysiology.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Motor cortical output for skilled forelimb movement is selectively distributed across projection neuron classes

1. Junchol Park
2. James W. Phillips
3. Jian-Zhong Guo
4. Kathleen A. Martin
5. Adam W. Hantman
6. Joshua T. Dudman

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  Park and colleagues examined the activity and function of different projection neuron types, pyramidal tract (PT) and intratelencephalic (IT) neurons, in the primary motor cortex using a joystick manipulation task in mice. During forelimb movements, the activity of IT neurons was more correlated with movement kinematics than that of PT neurons was, and inactivation of IT neurons caused larger effects on movement kinematics (amplitude and velocity). The results highlight different activity patterns and functions between PT and IT neurons. Discussion among reviewers focused on two main issues. One centered on the interpretation of the PT neural activity; the second on the evidence underlying the claim of a dissociation between the PT and IT neurons.

  “(This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)”

Reviewed by eLife

Quantifying dynamic facial expressions under naturalistic conditions

1. Jayson Jeganathan
2. Megan Campbell
3. Matthew Hyett
4. Gordon Parker
5. Michael Breakspear

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary

  This paper describes the development and validation of an automatic approach that leverages machine vision and learning techniques to quantify dynamic facial expressions of emotion. The potential clinical and translational significance of this automated approach is then examined in a "proof-of-concept" follow-on study, which leveraged video recordings of depressed individuals watching humorous and sad video clips.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 and Reviewer #2 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife