Neuroscience

Non-Hebbian plasticity transforms transient experiences into lasting memories

1. Islam Faress
2. Valentina Khalil
3. Wen-Hsien Hou
4. Andrea Moreno
5. Niels Andersen
6. Rosalina Fonseca
7. Joaquin Piriz
8. Marco Capogna
9. Sadegh Nabavi

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study presents important novel findings on how heterosynaptic plasticity can transform a weak associative memory into a stronger one, or produce a memory when stimuli were not paired. This work expands our views on the role of temporal- and input-specific plasticity in shaping learning and memory processes. The evidence, based on state-of-the-art in vivo manipulations, activity recordings, and behavioral analysis, is convincing. Findings will be of broad interest to neuroscience community, and especially those studying synaptic plasticity and associative memory.

Reviewed by eLife

Axon arrival times and physical occupancy establish visual projection neuron integration on developing dendrites in the Drosophila optic glomeruli

1. Brennan W. McFarland
2. HyoJong Jang
3. Natalie Smolin
4. Bryce W. Hina
5. Michael J. Parisi
6. Kristen C. Davis
7. Timothy J. Mosca
8. Tanja A. Godenschwege
9. Aljoscha Nern
10. Yerbol Z. Kurmangaliyev
11. Catherine R. von Reyn

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study establishes a two distinct feature-encoding visual projection neurons in Drosophila as a model for the development of synaptic specificity. The comprehensive description of connectivity development in this system is valuable to a more general understanding of principles that underlie neural circuit development. The high-quality supporting evidence is convincing.

Reviewed by eLife

Fetal brain response to maternal inflammation requires microglia

1. Bridget Elaine LaMonica Ostrem
2. Nuria Domínguez-Iturza
3. Jeffrey A. Stogsdill
4. Tyler Faits
5. Kwanho Kim
6. Joshua Z. Levin
7. Paola Arlotta

Reviewed by preLights

Neural representations of predicted events: Evidence from time-resolved EEG decoding

1. Ai-Su Li
2. Jan Theeuwes
3. Dirk van Moorselaar

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This valuable study investigates how a predicted - but not presented - stimulus within a sequence is represented in the brain using time-resolved EEG decoding. The results demonstrate that when the predicted stimulus is omitted, it is still represented at the expected space and time, although at present they provide only incomplete support given some alternative explanations. The findings will have implications for researchers across domains who are interested in learning and perception.

Reviewed by eLife

Does early-stage Alzheimer’s disease affect the dynamics of motor adaptation?

1. K Sutter
2. Wijdenes L Oostwoud
3. RJ van Beers
4. JAHR Claassen
5. RPC Kessels
6. WP Medendorp

Reviewed by PREreview

Cell-autonomous role of leucine-rich repeat kinase in the protection of dopaminergic neuron survival

1. Jongkyun Kang
2. Guodong Huang
3. Long Ma
4. Youren Tong
5. Anu Shahapal
6. Phoenix Chen
7. Jie Shen

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This current revision builds on observations in validated conditional double KO (cDKO) mice for LRRK1 and LRRK2 that will be useful for the field, given that LRRK2 is widely expressed in the brain and periphery, and many divergent phenotypes have been attributed previously to LRRK2 expression. The manuscript presents solid data demonstrating that it is the loss of LRRK1 and LRRK2 expression within the SNpc DA cells that is not well tolerated, as it was previously unclear from past work whether neurodegeneration in the LRRK double Knock Out (DKO) was cell autonomous or the result of loss of LRRK1/LRRK2 expression in other types of cells. Future studies may pursue the biochemical mechanisms underlying the reason for the apoptotic cells noted in this study, as here, the LRRK1/LRRK2 KO mice did not replicate the dramatic increase in autophagic vacuole numbers previously noted in the germline global LRRK1/LRRK2 KO mice.

Reviewed by eLife

Cell non-autonomous signaling through the conserved C. elegans glycopeptide hormone receptor FSHR-1 regulates cholinergic neurotransmission

1. Morgan Buckley
2. William P. Jacob
3. Letitia Bortey
4. Makenzi McClain
5. Alyssa L. Ritter
6. Amy Godfrey
7. Allyson S. Munneke
8. Shankar Ramachandran
9. Signe Kenis
10. Julie C. Kolnik
11. Sarah Olofsson
12. Ryan Adkins
13. Tanner Kutoloski
14. Lillian Rademacher
15. Olivia Heinecke
16. Alexandra Alva
17. Isabel Beets
18. Michael M. Francis
19. Jennifer R. Kowalski

Reviewed by Review Commons

The Switchmaze: an open-design device for measuring motivation and drive switching in mice

1. Clara Hartmann
2. Ambika Mahajan
3. Vinicius Borges
4. Lotte Razenberg
5. Yves Thönnes
6. Mahesh Miikael Karnani

Reviewed by Peer Community in Neuroscience

A new ‘CFS tracking’ paradigm reveals uniform suppression depth regardless of target complexity or salience

1. David Alais
2. Jacob Coorey
3. Randolph Blake
4. Matthew J Davidson

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This valuable study introduces an innovative method for measuring interocular suppression depth, which implicates mechanisms underlying subconscious visual processing. The evidence is solid in suggesting that the new method yields provocative uniform suppression depth results across image categories that differ from conventional bCFS threshold. It will be of interest not only to cognitive psychologists and neuroscientists who study sensation and perception but also to philosophers who work on theories of consciousness.

Reviewed by eLife

Functional diversity of dopamine axons in prefrontal cortex during classical conditioning

1. Kenta Abe
2. Yuki Kambe
3. Kei Majima
4. Zijing Hu
5. Makoto Ohtake
6. Ali Momennezhad
7. Hideki Izumi
8. Takuma Tanaka
9. Ashley Matunis
10. Emma Stacy
11. Takahide Itokazu
12. Takashi R Sato
13. Tatsuo Sato

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This important study shows that distinct midbrain dopaminergic axons in the medial prefrontal cortex respond to aversive and rewarding stimuli and suggest that they are biased toward aversive processing. The use of innovative microprism based two-photon calcium imaging to study single axon heterogeneity is convincing, although the experimental design makes it difficult to definitively distinguish aversive valence from stimulus salience in this dopamine projection. This work will be of interest to neuroscientists working on neuromodulatory systems, cortical function and decision making.

Reviewed by eLife