Neuroscience

Morphogenesis and morphometry of brain folding patterns across species

1. Sifan Yin
2. Chunzi Liu
3. Gary PT Choi
4. Yeonsu Jung
5. Katja Heuer
6. Roberto Toro
7. L Mahadevan

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important study presents a cross-species and cross-disciplinary analysis of cortical folding. The authors use a combination of physical gel models, computational simulations, and morphometric analysis, extending prior work in human brain development to macaques and ferrets. The findings support the hypothesis that mechanical forces driven by differential growth can account for major aspects of gyrification. The evidence presented is overall strong and convincingly supports the central claims; the findings will be of broad interest in developmental neuroscience.

Reviewed by eLife

Canonical neurodevelopmental trajectories of structural and functional manifolds

1. Alicja Monaghan
2. Richard. AI Bethlehem
3. Danyal Akarca
4. Daniel Margulies
5. the CALM Team
6. Duncan E Astle

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important study provides insights into the neurodevelopmental trajectories of structural and functional connectivity gradients in the human brain and their potential associations with behaviour and psychopathology. The evidence supporting the findings is solid. This study will be of interest to neuroscientists interested in understanding functional connectivity across development.

Reviewed by eLife

Developmental prosopagnosics have normal spatial integration in posterior ventral face-selective regions

1. Daniel A Stehr
2. Yiyuan Zhang
3. Anusha Patgiri
4. Alexis Kidder
5. Kendrick Kay
6. Bradley Duchaine

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This functional MRI study critically tests the hypothesis that poor face recognition in developmental prosopagnosia in humans is driven by reduced spatial integration and smaller receptive fields in face-selective brain regions. The evidence provided is compelling as it is well-powered, uses state-of-the-art functional brain imaging, eye tracking, and computational analyses. The observed lack of difference in population receptive field sizes between face-selective brain regions of individuals with and without prosopagnosia, though a null result, has important implications for the field, and specifically, for theories of face recognition.

Reviewed by eLife

Maturation of the glymphatic system confers innate resistance of the brain to Zika virus infection

1. Jhulimar Guilherme Doerl
2. Emanuelly Karine Campos Chaves
3. Vivian Antonielly Becker dos Santos
4. Bruna Lorena de Melo Marcelino
5. Diego Marques Coelho
6. Leo Morita Miyakoshi
7. Josélio Maria Galvão de Araújo
8. Selma Maria Bezerra Jerônimo
9. Eduardo Bouth Sequerra

Reviewed by preLights

Neuroinflammation in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) as assessed by [11C]PBR28 PET correlates with vascular disease measures

1. Michael B. VanElzakker
2. Hannah F. Bues
3. Ludovica Brusaferri
4. Minhae Kim
5. Deena Saadi
6. Eva-Maria Ratai
7. Darin D. Dougherty
8. Marco L. Loggia

Reviewed by Rapid Reviews Infectious Diseases

Caveolin-1 mediates neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in SARS-CoV-2 infection

1. Troy N. Trevino
2. Avital B. Fogel
3. Richard Minshall
4. Justin M. Richner
5. Sarah E. Lutz

Reviewed by Rapid Reviews Infectious Diseases, PREreview

Inhibitory circuits control leg movements during Drosophila grooming

1. Durafshan Sakeena Syed
2. Primoz Ravbar
3. Julie H Simpson

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  Using a combination of connectomics, optogenetics, behavioral analysis and modeling, this study provides important findings on the role of inhibitory neurons in the generation of leg grooming movements in Drosophila. The data as presented provide convincing evidence that the identified neuronal populations are key in the generation of rhythmic leg movements. Based on reconstructions from ventral nerve cord electron microscopy data, the authors uncover distinct pathways to the motor neurons, which they propose inhibit and disinhibit antagonistic sets of motor neurons. This results in an alternation of flexion and extension. By analyzing limb kinematics upon silencing of specific populations of premotor inhibitory neurons and using computational modelling, they show the potential role of these neurons in rhythmic leg movement. The work will interest neuroscientists and particularly those working on motor control.

Reviewed by eLife

Dynamic fMRI networks of emotion

1. Niels Janssen
2. Uriel KA Elvira
3. Joost Janssen
4. Theo GM van Erp

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This manuscript provides important information on the neurodynamics of emotional processing while participants were watching movie clips. This work provides convincing results in deciphering the temporal-spatial dynamics of emotional processing. This work will be of interest to affective neuroscientists and fMRI researchers in general.

Reviewed by eLife

Computational modelling identifies key determinants of subregion-specific dopamine dynamics in the striatum

1. Aske L Ejdrup
2. Jakob K Dreyer
3. Matthew D Lycas
4. Søren H Jørgensen
5. Trevor W Robbins
6. Jeffrey W Dalley
7. Freja Herborg
8. Ulrik Gether

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  The conclusions of this work are based on valuable simulations of a detailed model of striatal dopamine dynamics. Establishing that lower dopamine uptake rate can lead to a "tonic" level of dopamine in the ventral but not dorsal striatum, and that dopamine concentration changes at short delays can be tracked by D1 but not D2 receptor activation, is invaluable and will be of interest to the community, particularly those studying dopamine. The model simulations provide convincing evidence for differences between dorsal and ventral striatum dopamine concentrations, while evidence for differential tracking of dopamine changes by D1 vs D2 receptors is solid.

Reviewed by eLife

Comparative neuroimaging of the carnivoran brain: Neocortical sulcal anatomy

1. Magdalena Boch
2. Katrin Karadachka
3. Kep Kee Loh
4. R Austin Benn
5. Lea Roumazeilles
6. Mads F Bertelsen
7. Paul R Manger
8. Ethan Wriggelsworth
9. Simon Spiro
10. Muhammad A Spocter
11. Philippa J Johnson
12. Kamilla Avelino-de-Souza
13. Nina Patzke
14. Claus Lamm
15. Karla L Miller
16. Jérôme Sallet
17. Alexandre A Khrapitchev
18. Benjamin C Tendler
19. Rogier B Mars

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This valuable study presents the first detailed and comprehensive description of brain sulcus anatomy of a range of carnivoran species based on a robust manual labeling model allowing species comparisons. The database and method for reconstructing cortical surfaces are compelling, and the evidence supporting the conclusions is solid. Despite the additional specimen, the evaluation of intra-species variations remains limited, but an insight into the inter-individual variability is now available for certain species. Exploring the associations between sulcal length and behavioral characteristics further suggests the potential of sulci as a proxy of functional organization. Setting an instructive foundation for comparative anatomy, this study will be of interest to neuroscientists and neuroimaging researchers interested in that field, as well as in brain morphology and sulcal patterns, their phylogeny and ontogeny in relation to functional development and behaviour.

Reviewed by eLife