Neuroscience

Hierarchical Bayesian modeling of multi-region brain cell count data

1. Sydney Dimmock
2. Benjamin MS Exley
3. Gerald Moore
4. Lucy Menage
5. Alessio Delogu
6. Simon R Schultz
7. E Clea Warburton
8. Conor Houghton
9. Cian O’Donnell

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study proposes an important new approach to analyzing cell-count data, which are often undersampled and cannot be accurately assessed using traditional statistical methods. The case studies presented in the article provide compelling evidence of the superiority of the proposed methodology over existing approaches, which could promote the use of Bayesian statistics among neuroscientists. The authors have taken steps to make the methodology accessible, although some implementation difficulties are likely to remain.

Reviewed by eLife

The Dual Molecular Identity of Vestibular Kinocilia: Bridging Structural and Functional Traits of Primary and Motile Cilia

1. Zhenhang Xu
2. Amirrasoul Tavakoli
3. Samadhi Kulasooriya
4. Huizhan Liu
5. Shu Tu
6. Celia Bloom
7. Yi Li
8. Tirone D. Johnson
9. Jian Zuo
10. Litao Tao
11. Bechara Kachar
12. David Z. He

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  Using single-cell transcriptomic data from adult mouse inner ear hair cells, the authors identify the differences and similarities of the four hair cell types. They make an important finding: that vestibular hair cells can express many ciliary motility-related genes. Some hair cell kinocilia display motility, suggesting that the kinocilium of vestibular hair cells may function as an active force generator to increase sensitivity. The evidence is incomplete as to whether all kinocilia beat and what the function of kinocilia movement is.

Reviewed by eLife

BetaII-Spectrin Gaps and Patches Emerge from the Patterned Assembly of the Actin/Spectrin Membrane Skeleton in Human Motor Neuron Axons

1. Nahir Guadalupe Gazal
2. Maria Jose Castellanos-Montiel
3. Guillermina Bruno
4. Anna Kristina Franco-Flores
5. Sarah Lépine
6. Lale Gursu
7. Ghazal Haghi
8. Gilles Maussion
9. Agustín Anastasía
10. Mariano Bisbal
11. Ezequiel Axel Gorostiza
12. Thomas M. Durcan
13. Nicolás Unsain

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This valuable study characterizes the emergence of the membrane-associated periodic cytoskeleton (MPS) in the axons of human motor neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. Super-resolution imaging of beta-II spectrin provides convincing evidence for the patterned assembly of spectrin-poor gaps and spectrin-rich MPS in the medial region of the axons and its enhancement by the kinase inhibitor staurosporine. The data advocates against gap formation by cytoskeleton disassembly in a continuous MPS. Instead, a continuous MPS may result from nascent MPS patches and their maturation, a model that would benefit from live imaging for validation.

Reviewed by eLife

A novel rhodopsin-based voltage indicator for simultaneous two-photon optical recording with GCaMP in vivo

1. Vincent Villette
2. Shang Yang
3. Rosario Valenti
4. John J. Macklin
5. Jonathan Bradley
6. Benjamin Mathieu
7. Alberto Lombardini
8. Kaspar Podgorski
9. Stéphane Dieudonné
10. Eric R. Schreiter
11. Ahmed S. Abdelfattah

Reviewed by PREreview

Observational activation of anterior cingulate cortical neurons coordinates hippocampal replay in social learning

1. Xiang Mou
2. Daoyun Ji

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study provides convincing evidence of coordinated spiking activity of neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and correlated activity in the CA1 subregion of the hippocampus, during observational learning. The authors also show coordinated ACC-CA1 neural activity during rest periods prior to the performance of the observationally learned task. The important findings significantly advance the field's understanding of neural mechanisms underlying social learning.

Reviewed by eLife

Adaptive optical correction for in vivo two-photon fluorescence microscopy with neural fields

1. Iksung Kang
2. Hyeonggeon Kim
3. Ryan Natan
4. Qinrong Zhang
5. Stella X. Yu
6. Na Ji

Reviewed by PREreview

Retrospective Attention Can Trigger Visual Perception Without Dependence on Either Cue Awareness or Target Reporting

1. Ye Li
2. Xingbei Wan
3. Mingxing Mao
4. Lingying Jin
5. Xilin Zhang

Reviewed by PREreview

Early Metabolic Alterations in Cerebrospinal Fluid Fatty Acid Profiles Linked to Cognitive Decline and All-Cause Dementia

1. Jacob Apibilla Ayembilla
2. Yannick N. Wadop
3. Rebecca Bernal
4. Biniyam A. Ayele
5. Murali Sargurupremraj
6. Xueqiu Jian
7. Alfred K. Njamnshi
8. Sudha Seshadri
9. Alice B. S. Nono Djotsa
10. Jayandra Jung Himali
11. Bernard Fongang
12. Alfred Fonteh

Reviewed by PREreview

Removal of developmentally regulated microexons has a minimal impact on larval zebrafish brain morphology and function

1. Caleb CS Calhoun
2. Mary ES Capps
3. Kristie Muya
4. William C Gannaway
5. Verdion Martina
6. Claire L Conklin
7. Morgan C Klein
8. Jhodi M Webster
9. Emma G Torija-Olson
10. Summer B Thyme

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important work examines how microexons contribute to brain activity, structure, and behavior. The authors find that loss of microexon sequences generally has subtle impacts on these metrics in larval zebrafish, with few exceptions. The evidence is solid, using modern high-throughput phenotyping methodology in zebrafish. Overall, this work will be of interest to neuroscientists and generate further studies of interest to the field.

Reviewed by eLife

Chronic stress impairs autoinhibition in neurons of the locus coeruleus to increase asparagine endopeptidase activity

1. Hiroki Toyoda
2. Doyun Kim
3. Byeong Geon Koh
4. Tomomi Sano
5. Takashi Kanematsu
6. Seog Bae Oh
7. Youngnam Kang

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This fundamental study explores a novel cellular mechanism underlying the degeneration of locus coeruleus neurons during chronic restraint stress. The evidence supporting the overexcitation of LC neurons after chronic stress is compelling. The topic is timely, the proposed mechanistic pathway is innovative, and the findings have translational relevance, particularly regarding therapeutic strategies targeting α2A-AR internalization in neurodegenerative diseases.

Reviewed by eLife