Immunology

Mast cells promote pathology and susceptibility in tuberculosis

1. Ananya Gupta
2. Vibha Taneja
3. Javier Rangel-Moreno
4. Nilofer Naqvi
5. Abhimanyu
6. Yun Tao
7. Mushtaq Ahmed
8. Kuldeep Singh Chauhan
9. Daniela Trejo-Ponce de Leon
10. Gustavo Ramírez-Martínez
11. Luis Jiménez-Alvarez
12. Cesar Luna-Rivero
13. Joaquin Zuniga
14. Deepak Kaushal
15. Shabaana A Khader

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  In this useful study, the authors utilize published scRNA-seq data to highlight the potential importance of mast cells (MCs) in TB granulomas, presenting a solid comparative assessment of chymase- and tryptase-expressing MCs in the lungs of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected individuals and non-human primates. While the authors appropriately discussed the inconsistencies across models, adoptive transfer experiments in MC-deficient mice would substantially strengthen the causal link between MCs and TB outcomes, providing more direct functional validation of the proposed role of MCs in TB pathogenesis.

Reviewed by eLife, Arcadia Science

Ly6G+ granulocytes-derived IL-17 limits protective host responses and promotes tuberculosis pathogenesis

1. Priya Sharma
2. Raman Deep Sharma
3. Binayak Sarkar
4. Varnika Panwar
5. Mrinmoy Das
6. Lakshya Veer Singh
7. Neharika Jain
8. Shivam Chaturvedi
9. Lalita Mehra
10. Aditya Rathee
11. Shilpa Sharma
12. Shihui Foo
13. Andrea Lee
14. Pavan Kumar N
15. Prasenjit Das
16. Vijay Viswanathan
17. Hardy Kornfeld
18. Shanshan W Howland
19. Subash Babu
20. Vinay Kumar Nandicoori
21. Amit Singhal
22. Dhiraj Kumar

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This valuable study examines the role of IL17-producing Ly6G PMNs as a reservoir for Mycobacterium tuberculosis to evade host killing activated by BCG immunisation. The authors provide solid data reporting that IL17-producing polymorphonuclear neutrophils harbour a significant bacterial load in both wild-type and IFNg-/- mice and that targeting IL17 and Cox2 improved disease outcomes whilst enhancing BCG efficacy. The specific contribution of neutrophil-derived IL-17 to disease pathogenesis remains to be definitively established through direct demonstration of IL-17 production by neutrophils and targeted depletion studies.

Reviewed by eLife

Immunoglobulin M regulates airway hyperresponsiveness independent of T helper 2 allergic inflammation

1. Sabelo Hadebe
2. Anca Flavia Savulescu
3. Jermaine Khumalo
4. Katelyn Jones
5. Sandisiwe Mangali
6. Nontobeko Mthembu
7. Fungai Musaigwa
8. Welcome Maepa
9. Hlumani Ndlovu
10. Amkele Ngomti
11. Martyna Scibiorek
12. Javan Okendo
13. Frank Brombacher

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important study demonstrates a reduction in airway hyperresponsiveness (one of the mechanisms of allergic asthma) in the absence of IgM in a house dust mite-induced mouse model of allergic asthma. While this result suggests a new mechanistic role for IgM, the proposed new function is not as yet robustly supported by the current experiments and thus the evidence remains incomplete. A connection between the findings and human disease is not established so far, but the study will be interest to clinical immunologists.

Reviewed by eLife

The Impact of Malaria-Induced Neutrophil Subset Shift and a Link to Burkitt Lymphoma

1. Sharon Akinyi
2. Ronald K. Tonui
3. Titus K. Maina
4. Eddy Agwati
5. Cliff I. Oduor
6. Festus M. Njuguna
7. Kibet K. Keitany
8. Daniel Chepsiror
9. Cyrus Ayieko
10. Ann Moormann
11. Ann W. Kinyua
12. Catherine S. Forconi

Reviewed by PREreview

HIV-specific CD8+ T-cell proliferative response 24 weeks after early antiretroviral therapy initiation is associated with the subsequent reduction in the viral reservoir

1. Pien Margien van Paassen
2. Alexander O Pasternak
3. Dita C Bolluyt
4. Karel A van Dort
5. Ad C van Nuenen
6. Irma Maurer
7. Brigitte Boeser-Nunnink
8. Ninée VEJ Buchholtz
9. Tokameh Mahmoudi
10. Cynthia Lungu
11. Reinout van Crevel
12. Casper Rokx
13. Jori Symons
14. Monique Nijhuis
15. Annelou LIP van der Veen
16. Liffert Vogt
17. Michelle J Klouwens
18. Jan M Prins
19. Neeltje A Kootstra
20. Godelieve J de Bree

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  The findings of this study are valuable as it demonstrates that when treatment is initiated during acute infection, HIV specific CD8 T cell responses are maintained long term and continued proliferative capacity of these cells may play a role in reducing HIV DNA levels. The evidence supporting the conclusions are solid with rigorous and advanced methodology used with the major limitations being that the findings are association level and do not meet strict criteria for causality. The work is of interest to the HIV cure field and suggests that enhancing early HIV specific CD8 T cell responses should be considered in the design of interventional cure strategies.

Reviewed by eLife

A major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecule that binds the same viral pathogen peptide with both nonamer and decamer core sequences for presentation to T cells

1. Anastasia Goryanin
2. Atlanta G. Cook
3. Shahriar Behboudi
4. Jim Kaufman
5. Samer Halabi

Reviewed by preLights

B cell expression of an enzymatic intermediary in ether lipid biosynthesis promotes antibody responses and germinal center size

1. Sung Hoon Cho
2. Marissa A Jones
3. Kaylor Meyer
4. David M Anderson
5. Sergiy Chetyrkin
6. M Wade Calcutt
7. Richard M Caprioli
8. Clay F Semenkovich
9. Mark R Boothby

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study provides useful insights into the ways in which germinal center B cell metabolism, particularly lipid metabolism, affects cellular responses. The authors use sophisticated mouse models to convincingly demonstrate that ether lipids are relevant for B cell homeostasis and efficient humoral responses. The authors then conducted in vivo as well as in vitro experiments, thereby strengthening their conclusions.

Reviewed by eLife

Explosive cytotoxicity of ‘ruptoblasts’ bridges hormonal surveillance and immune defense

1. Chew Chai
2. Eliya Sultan
3. Souradeep R. Sarkar
4. Lihan Zhong
5. Dania Nanes Sarfati
6. Orly Gershoni-Yahalom
7. Christine Jacobs-Wagner
8. Hawa Racine Thiam
9. Benyamin Rosental
10. Bo Wang

Reviewed by preLights

RadD from Fusobacterium nucleatum engages NKp46 to promote antitumor cytotoxicity

1. Ahmed Rishiq
2. Johanna Galaski
3. Reem Bsoul
4. Mingdong Liu
5. Rema Darawshe
6. Renate Lux
7. Gilad Bachrach
8. Ofer Mandelboim

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This useful study describes a mechanism of microbial modulation of anti-tumor immunity, which is of considerable interest in the field. However, the experimental supports for the key mechanistic claim, the interaction between RadD and NKp46, are not robust. Multiple experimental inconsistencies, especially in vivo, weaken the conclusions, making the strength of evidence incomplete. Additional controls, direct binding assays, and clarification of in vivo mechanistic relevance would strengthen the work.

Reviewed by eLife

Pre-Omicron Immunity Generates IgG⁺ but Not IgA⁺ Memory B Cells Reactive to Omicron Spike Protein

1. T Tsoleridis
2. I Singh
3. D Onion
4. JG Chappell
5. A Kelly
6. J Nightingale
7. AM Valdes
8. BJ Ollivere
9. KB Hoehn
10. RA Urbanowicz
11. JK Ball

Reviewed by PREreview