Immunology

Xcr1+ type 1 conventional dendritic cells are essential mediators for atherosclerosis progression

1. Tianhan Li
2. Liaoxun Lu
3. Juanjuan Qiu
4. Xin Dong
5. Le Yang
6. Kexin He
7. Yanrong Gu
8. Binhui Zhou
9. Tingting Jia
10. Toby Lawrence
11. Marie Malissen
12. Guixue Wang
13. Rong Huang
14. Hui Wang
15. Bernard Malissen
16. Yinming Liang
17. Lichen Zhang

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This manuscript by Li, Lu et al., presents important findings on the role of cDC1 in atherosclerosis and their influence on the adaptive immune system. Using Xcr1Cre-Gfp Rosa26LSL-DTA ApoE-/- mouse models, these data convincingly reveal an unexpected, non-redundant role of the XCL1-XCR1 axis in mediating cDC1 contributions to atherosclerosis.

Reviewed by eLife

Synthetic auxotrophy reveals metabolic regulation of plasma cell generation, affinity maturation, and cytokine receptor signaling

1. Sung Hoon Cho
2. Shawna K Brookens
3. Ariel L Raybuck
4. Kaylor Meyer
5. Yeeun C Paik
6. Jennie Hamilton
7. Jingxin Li
8. Karel Kalecky
9. Chloe Park
10. Sakeenah L Hicks
11. John Karijolich
12. Teodoro H Bottiglieri
13. Jeffrey C Rathmell
14. Denis Mogilenko
15. Chris D Scharer
16. Mark R Boothby

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  The authors addressed an important biological question, namely the role of glutamine metabolism in humoral responses, and they obtained solid conclusions. The strength of this study is that the authors used state-of-the-art transgenic mouse models together with in vitro analysis, thereby providing significant insights into the question posed. The following would strengthen the manuscript: i) adding more in-depth functionality/physiological relevance in the discussion part, and ii) regarding the experiments, the inclusion of more appropriate controls and a clearer and more accurate description of the methods.

Reviewed by eLife

Tumor-infiltrating CD27 ^- IgD ^- regulatory B cells suppress cytotoxic CD8 ⁺ T cell responses in renal cell carcinoma

1. Zara Baig
2. Isabella Withnell
3. Joseph C.F. Ng
4. Christopher J.M. Piper
5. Hannah F. Bradford
6. Antonio Rullan
7. Edward H. Arbe-Barnes
8. Camila G.X. de Brito
9. Alessandro Di Tullio
10. Thomas J. Mitchell
11. Hans J. Stauss
12. Maxine G.B. Tran
13. Franca Fraternali
14. Claudia Mauri

Reviewed by preLights

The 1000+ mouse project: large-scale spatiotemporal parametrization and modeling of preclinical cancer immunotherapies

1. Adam L Kenet
2. Sooraj Achar
3. Alka Dwivedi
4. John Buckley
5. Marie Pouzolles
6. Haiying Qin
7. Christopher Chien
8. Naomi Taylor
9. Grégoire Altan-Bonnet

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  The authors developed a fundamental computational method, which is intended to automatically process bioluminescence imaging-derived tumour images across anatomical regions and over time. This allows quantitative analysis of such data, and the authors applied it to describe the spatiotemporal distribution of tumour cells in response to CD19-targeted CAR-T cells that contained either CD28 or 4-1BB costimulatory domains. Some operational limitations were identified, which relate to the pipeline's reliance on predefined regions of interest instead of aligning signal sites with anatomical information, scaling, and not taking animal pose into account. Overall, the authors provide compelling evidence for the functionality of their computational approach towards automated analysis of bioluminescence imaging data, while applying it to a current topic of wide interest in cell therapy research.

Reviewed by eLife

Aurora kinase A promotes trained immunity via regulation of endogenous S-adenosylmethionine metabolism

1. Mengyun Li
2. Huan Jin
3. Yongxiang Liu
4. Zining Wang
5. Lin Li
6. Tiantian Wang
7. Xiaojuan Wang
8. Hongxia Zhang
9. Bitao Huo
10. Tiantian Yu
11. Shoujie Wang
12. Wei Zhao
13. Jinyun Liu
14. Peng Huang
15. Jun Cui
16. Xiaojun Xia

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  The authors use a range of techniques to examine the role of Aurora Kinase A (AurA) in trained immunity. The study is hypothesis driven, it uses solid experimental approaches, and the data are presented in a logical manner. The findings are valuable to the trained immunity field because they provide an in-depth look at a common inducer of trained immunity, beta-glucan.

Reviewed by eLife

Newly discovered and conserved role of IgM against viral infection in an early vertebrate

1. Weiguang Kong
2. Xinyou Wang
3. Guangyi Ding
4. Peng Yang
5. Yong Shi
6. Chang Cai
7. Xinyi Yang
8. Gaofeng Cheng
9. Fumio Takizawa
10. Zhen Xu

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  The manuscript is an important study which aims to demonstrate the conserved and crucial role of IgM in both systemic and mucosal antiviral immunity in teleost, challenging the established differential roles of IgT and IgM. The strength of the evidence is solid and supported by a combination of in vivo studies, viral infection models, and complementary in vitro assays. In the current version, authors validate the MoAb against IgM

Reviewed by eLife

An evaluation of the tumor microenvironment through CALR, IL1R1, IFNB1, and IFNG to assess prognosis and immunotherapy response in bladder cancer patients

1. Lilong Liu
2. Zhenghao Liu
3. Lei Fan
4. Zhipeng Yao
5. Junyi Hu
6. Yaxin Hou
7. Yang Li
8. Yuhong Ding
9. Yingchun Kuang
10. Ke Chen
11. Yi Hao
12. Zheng Liu

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study presents useful findings that explore the prognostic and immunotherapeutic relevance of specific immune-related genes (CALR, IL1R1, IFNB1, and IFNG) in the bladder cancer tumor microenvironment. While the analysis highlights potentially meaningful associations with survival and treatment response, the strength of evidence is incomplete, as some claims lack sufficient experimental or mechanistic validation. Further refinement and validation of the predictive models would enhance the impact and generalizability of the conclusions.

Reviewed by eLife

Single-cell analysis of signalling and transcriptional responses to type I interferons

1. Rachel E. Rigby
2. Kevin Rue-Albrecht
3. David Sims
4. Jan Rehwinkel

Reviewed by Review Commons

Correlates of protection against African swine fever virus identified by a systems immunology approach

1. Kirill Lotonin
2. Francisco Brito
3. Kemal Mehinagic
4. Obdulio García-Nicolás
5. Matthias Liniger
6. Noelle Donzé
7. Sylvie Python
8. Stephanie Talker
9. Tosca Ploegaert
10. Nicolas Ruggli
11. Charaf Benarafa
12. Artur Summerfield

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study provides valuable findings regarding potential correlates of protection against the African swine fever virus. The evidence supporting the claims is solid, although analysis using a higher number of animals and other virus strains will be required to further evaluate the relevance of the immune parameters associated to protection. The work will be of broad interest to veterinary immunologists, and particularly those working on African swine fever.

Reviewed by eLife

Thrifty wide-context models of B cell receptor somatic hypermutation

1. Kevin Sung
2. Mackenzie M Johnson
3. Will Dumm
4. Noah Simon
5. Hugh Haddox
6. Julia Fukuyama
7. Frederick A Matsen

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study provides an important method to model the statistical biases of hypermutations during the affinity maturation of antibodies. The authors show convincingly that their model outperforms previous methods with fewer parameters; this is made possible by the use of machine learning to expand the context dependence of the mutation bias. They also show that models learned from nonsynonymous mutations and from out-of-frame sequences are different, prompting new questions about germinal center function. Strengths of the study include an open-access tool for using the model, a careful curation of existing datasets, and a rigorous benchmark; it is also shown that current machine-learning methods are currently limited by the availability of data, which explains the only modest gain in model performance afforded by modern machine learning.

Reviewed by eLife