Immunology

Aurora kinase A promotes trained immunity via regulation of endogenous S-adenosylmethionine metabolism

1. Mengyun Li
2. Huan Jin
3. Yongxiang Liu
4. Zining Wang
5. Lin Li
6. Tiantian Wang
7. Xiaojuan Wang
8. Hongxia Zhang
9. Bitao Huo
10. Tiantian Yu
11. Shoujie Wang
12. Wei Zhao
13. Jinyun Liu
14. Peng Huang
15. Jun Cui
16. Xiaojun Xia

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  The authors use a range of techniques to examine the role of Aurora Kinase A (AurA) in trained immunity. The study is hypothesis driven, it uses solid experimental approaches, and the data are presented in a logical manner. The findings are valuable to the trained immunity field because they provide an in-depth look at a common inducer of trained immunity, beta-glucan.

Reviewed by eLife

Newly discovered and conserved role of IgM against viral infection in an early vertebrate

1. Weiguang Kong
2. Xinyou Wang
3. Guangyi Ding
4. Peng Yang
5. Yong Shi
6. Chang Cai
7. Xinyi Yang
8. Gaofeng Cheng
9. Fumio Takizawa
10. Zhen Xu

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  The manuscript is an important study which aims to demonstrate the conserved and crucial role of IgM in both systemic and mucosal antiviral immunity in teleost, challenging the established differential roles of IgT and IgM. The strength of the evidence is solid and supported by a combination of in vivo studies, viral infection models, and complementary in vitro assays. In the current version, authors validate the MoAb against IgM

Reviewed by eLife

An evaluation of the tumor microenvironment through CALR, IL1R1, IFNB1, and IFNG to assess prognosis and immunotherapy response in bladder cancer patients

1. Lilong Liu
2. Zhenghao Liu
3. Lei Fan
4. Zhipeng Yao
5. Junyi Hu
6. Yaxin Hou
7. Yang Li
8. Yuhong Ding
9. Yingchun Kuang
10. Ke Chen
11. Yi Hao
12. Zheng Liu

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study presents useful findings that explore the prognostic and immunotherapeutic relevance of specific immune-related genes (CALR, IL1R1, IFNB1, and IFNG) in the bladder cancer tumor microenvironment. While the analysis highlights potentially meaningful associations with survival and treatment response, the strength of evidence is incomplete, as some claims lack sufficient experimental or mechanistic validation. Further refinement and validation of the predictive models would enhance the impact and generalizability of the conclusions.

Reviewed by eLife

Single-cell analysis of signalling and transcriptional responses to type I interferons

1. Rachel E. Rigby
2. Kevin Rue-Albrecht
3. David Sims
4. Jan Rehwinkel

Reviewed by Review Commons

Correlates of protection against African swine fever virus identified by a systems immunology approach

1. Kirill Lotonin
2. Francisco Brito
3. Kemal Mehinagic
4. Obdulio García-Nicolás
5. Matthias Liniger
6. Noelle Donzé
7. Sylvie Python
8. Stephanie Talker
9. Tosca Ploegaert
10. Nicolas Ruggli
11. Charaf Benarafa
12. Artur Summerfield

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study provides valuable findings regarding potential correlates of protection against the African swine fever virus. The evidence supporting the claims is solid, although analysis using a higher number of animals and other virus strains will be required to further evaluate the relevance of the immune parameters associated to protection. The work will be of broad interest to veterinary immunologists, and particularly those working on African swine fever.

Reviewed by eLife

Thrifty wide-context models of B cell receptor somatic hypermutation

1. Kevin Sung
2. Mackenzie M Johnson
3. Will Dumm
4. Noah Simon
5. Hugh Haddox
6. Julia Fukuyama
7. Frederick A Matsen

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study provides an important method to model the statistical biases of hypermutations during the affinity maturation of antibodies. The authors show convincingly that their model outperforms previous methods with fewer parameters; this is made possible by the use of machine learning to expand the context dependence of the mutation bias. They also show that models learned from nonsynonymous mutations and from out-of-frame sequences are different, prompting new questions about germinal center function. Strengths of the study include an open-access tool for using the model, a careful curation of existing datasets, and a rigorous benchmark; it is also shown that current machine-learning methods are currently limited by the availability of data, which explains the only modest gain in model performance afforded by modern machine learning.

Reviewed by eLife

Single molecule imaging of transcription dynamics, RNA localization and fate in human T cells

1. M. Valeria Lattanzio
2. Nikolina Šoštarić
3. Nandhini Kanagasabesan
4. Branka Popović
5. Antonia Bradarić
6. Leyma Wardak
7. Aurélie Guislain
8. Philipp Savakis
9. Evelina Tutucci
10. Monika C. Wolkers

Reviewed by Review Commons

A pair of congenic mice for imaging of transplants by positron emission tomography using anti-transferrin receptor nanobodies

1. Thomas Balligand
2. Claire Carpenet
3. Sergi Olivé Palau
4. Tom Jaspers
5. Pavana Suresh
6. Xin Liu
7. Himadri Medhi
8. Yoon Ho Lee
9. Mohammad Rashidian
10. Bart De Strooper
11. Hidde L Ploegh
12. Maarten Dewilde

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  In this highly innovative study, Carpenet C et al explore the use of nanobody-based PET imaging to track proliferative cells after in vivo transplantation in mice, in a fully immunocompetent setting. The development of a unique set of PET tracers and mouse strains to track genetically-unmodified transplanted cells in vivo is an important novel asset that could potentially facilitate cell tracking in different research fields. The evidence provided is compelling as the new method proposed might facilitate overcoming certain limitations of alternative approaches, such as full sized immunoglobulins and small molecules.

Reviewed by eLife

Phosphoglycerate mutase regulates Treg differentiation through control of serine synthesis and one-carbon metabolism

1. Wesley H Godfrey
2. Judy J Lee
3. Shruthi Shanmukha
4. Kaho Cho
5. Xiaojing Deng
6. Chandra Shekar R Ambati
7. Vasanta Putluri
8. Abu Hena Mostafa Kamal
9. Paul M Kim
10. Nagireddy Putluri
11. Michael D Kornberg

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This paper highlights an important physiological function of PGAM in the differentiation and suppressive activity of Treg cells by regulating serine synthesis. This role is proposed to intersect with glycolysis and one-carbon metabolism. The study's conclusion is supported by solid evidence from in-vitro cellular and in-vivo mouse models.

Reviewed by eLife

Pediatric cerebrospinal fluid immune profiling distinguishes pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis from other pediatric-onset acute neurological disorders

1. Diego A. Espinoza
2. Tobias Zrzavy
3. Gautier Breville
4. Simon Thebault
5. Amaar Marefi
6. Ina Mexhitaj
7. Luana D. Yamashita
8. Mengyuan Kan
9. Micky Bacchus
10. Jessica Legaspi
11. Samantha Fernandez
12. Anna Melamed
13. Mallory Stubblebine
14. Yeseul Kim
15. Zachary Martinez
16. Caroline Diorio
17. Andreas Schulte-Mecklenbeck
18. Heinz Wiendl
19. Ayman Rezk
20. Rui Li
21. Sona Narula
22. Amy T. Waldman
23. Sarah E. Hopkins
24. Brenda Banwell
25. Amit Bar-Or

Reviewed by preLights