Immunology

The antigenic landscape of N1 neuraminidase in human influenza A virus strains isolated between 2009 and 2020

1. João Paulo Portela Catani
2. Anouk Smet
3. Tine Ysenbaert
4. Laura Amelinck
5. Yvonne Chan
6. Dan Tadmor
7. Philip Davidson
8. Satyajit Ray
9. Eric Camire
10. Liqun Han
11. Jianxin Zhang
12. Guadalupe Cortés
13. Katherine Roebke
14. Bianca Baum
15. John Hamberger
16. Maryann Giel-Moloney
17. Xavier Saelens
18. Thorsten U Vogel

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  Catani and colleagues provide data on antigenic properties of neuraminidase proteins of pandemic H1N1 and show that antigenic diversity of the neuraminidase from 2009 to 2020 largely falls into two groups. These antigenic groups map to two phylogenetic groups, and substitutions at positions 432 and 321 are likely associated with the antigenic change. These data and results allow useful insights into the antigenic properties of N1 influenza and the evidence supporting the conclusions is solid.

Reviewed by eLife

Phospholipid Scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) Regulates Interferon-Lambda Receptor 1 (IFN-λR1) and IFN-λ Signaling in Influenza A Virus (IAV) Infection

1. Alina X Yang
2. Lisa Ramos-Rodriguez
3. Parand Sorkhdini
4. Dongqin Yang
5. Carmelissa Norbrun
6. Sonoor Majid
7. Yong Zhang
8. Michael J Holtzman
9. David F Boyd
10. Yang Zhou

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This valuable manuscript presents a potentially novel mechanism by which the phospholipid scramblase, PLSCR1, defends against influenza A virus infection. The paper was based on solid findings involving knockout and lung-specific over-expressing Plscr1 mice, airway tissue expression, and mechanistic studies to show Plscr1 enhances type III interferon-mediated viral clearance. The study is extensive and overall well performed.

Reviewed by eLife

Sex-dependent gastrointestinal colonization resistance to MRSA is microbiota and Th17 dependent

1. Alannah Lejeune
2. Chunyi Zhou
3. Defne Ercelen
4. Gregory Putzel
5. Xiaomin Yao
6. Alyson R Guy
7. Miranda Pawline
8. Magdalena Podkowik
9. Alejandro Pironti
10. Victor J Torres
11. Bo Shopsin
12. Ken Cadwell

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This fundamental study highlights potential mechanisms underlying the sex-dependent bias in susceptibility to gut colonization by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The evidence supporting the conclusion is compelling. The work will interest biologists who study intestinal infection and immunity.

Reviewed by eLife

Deciphering the preeclampsia-specific immune microenvironment and the role of pro-inflammatory macrophages at the maternal–fetal interface

1. Haiyi Fei
2. Xiaowen Lu
3. Zhan Shi
4. Xiu Liu
5. Cuiyu Yang
6. Xiaohong Zhu
7. Yuhan Lin
8. Ziqun Jiang
9. Jianmin Wang
10. Dong Huang
11. Liu Liu
12. Songying Zhang
13. Lingling Jiang

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This valuable study investigates the immune system's role in pre-eclampsia. The authors map the immune cell landscape of the human placenta and find an increase in macrophages and Th17 cells in patients with pre-eclampsia. Following mouse studies, the authors suggest that the IGF1-IGF1R pathway might play a role in how macrophages influence T cells, potentially driving the pathology of pre-eclampsia. There is convincing evidence in this study that will be of interest to immunologists and developmental biologists.

Reviewed by eLife

Clonal stochasticity in early NK cell response to mouse cytomegalovirus is generated by mature subsets of varying proliferative ability

1. Darren Wethington
2. Saeed Ahmad
3. Marc Potempa
4. Giuseppe Giuliani
5. Oscar A Aguilar
6. Maheshwor Poudel
7. Simon Grassmann
8. William Stewart
9. Nicholas M Adams
10. Joseph C Sun
11. Lewis L Lanier
12. Jayajit Das

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study combines mathematical models and experimental data to analyse the emergence of heterogeneity within clonal NK cell responses during antigen-specific cell expansion. Although it comprises different experimental data and tests different theoretical hypotheses, the main claims remain incomplete and would benefit from the consideration of several previous findings about clonal immune responses and corresponding mathematical approaches. The study presents valuable findings with the potential to provide key insights about NK cell development if proposed claims could be confirmed by additional analyses.

Reviewed by eLife

Soluble immune mediators orchestrate protective in vitro granulomatous responses across Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex lineages

1. Ainhoa Arbués
2. Sarah Schmidiger
3. Miriam Reinhard
4. Sonia Borrell
5. Sebastien Gagneux
6. Damien Portevin

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study describes the impact of mycobacterial genetic diversity on host-infection phenotypes by assessing the effect of different M. tuberculosis lineages on granulomatous inflammation using a 3D in vitro granuloma model. Despite being descriptive and showing mostly correlative relationships, the findings are useful and provide some solid support regarding the functional impact of M. tuberculosis's natural diversity on host-pathogen interactions. The study will interest researchers working on mycobacteria and motivate future studies to understand how genetic diversity influences virulence and immunity outcomes.

Reviewed by eLife

Immunoglobulin M regulates airway hyperresponsiveness independent of T helper 2 allergic inflammation

1. Sabelo Hadebe
2. Anca Flavia Savulescu
3. Jermaine Khumalo
4. Katelyn Jones
5. Sandisiwe Mangali
6. Nontobeko Mthembu
7. Fungai Musaigwa
8. Welcome Maepa
9. Hlumani Ndlovu
10. Amkele Ngomti
11. Martyna Scibiorek
12. Javan Okendo
13. Frank Brombacher

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  Studying several allergens in different mouse strains, the authors assessed the role of IgM in airway inflammatory responses and show that IgM deficient mice have reduced airway hyperresponsiveness. Although the findings are useful and interesting and among others show the expression of a protein that regulates actin in smooth cells, the study remains incomplete as the data and analyses only partly support their primary claim.

Reviewed by eLife

Extracellular matrix phenotyping by imaging mass cytometry defines distinct cellular matrix environments associated with allergic airway inflammation

1. J E Parkinson
2. M Ghafoor
3. R J Dodd
4. H E Tompkins
5. M Fergie
6. M Rattray
7. J E Allen
8. T E Sutherland

Reviewed by Review Commons

Inhibiting NINJ1-dependent plasma membrane rupture protects against inflammasome-induced blood coagulation and inflammation

1. Jian Cui
2. Hua Li
3. Dien Ye
4. Guoying Zhang
5. Yan Zhang
6. Ling Yang
7. Martha MS Sim
8. Jeremy P Wood
9. Yinan Wei
10. Zhenyu Li
11. Congqing Wu

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  The authors aim to elucidate the mechanism by which pyroptosis (through the formation of Gasdermin D (GSDMD) pores in the plasma membrane) contributes to increased release of procoagulant Tissue Factor-containing microvesicles. The data offers solid mechanistic insights as to the interplay between pyroptosis and microvesicle release with NINJ1. The study provides useful insights into the potential of targeting Ninj1 as a therapeutic strategy.

Reviewed by eLife

Newly discovered and conserved role of IgM against viral infection in an early vertebrate

1. Weiguang Kong
2. Xinyou Wang
3. Guangyi Ding
4. Peng Yang
5. Yong Shi
6. Chang Cai
7. Xinyi Yang
8. Gaofeng Cheng
9. Fumio Takizawa
10. Zhen Xu

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important study explores the conserved role of IgM in both systemic and mucosal antiviral immunity in teleosts, challenging established views on the differential roles of IgT and IgM. The findings have theoretical and practical implications for immunology and aquaculture. However, the strength of the evidence is incomplete due to insufficient validation of the monoclonal antibodies used to deplete IgM, which limits confidence in the main claims. Addressing these methodological weaknesses would significantly enhance the study's impact.

Reviewed by eLife