Biochemistry

Structure of human phagocyte NADPH oxidase in the resting state

1. Rui Liu
2. Kangcheng Song
3. Jing-Xiang Wu
4. Xiao-Peng Geng
5. Liming Zheng
6. Xiaoyin Gao
7. Hailin Peng
8. Lei Chen

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  NOX2 is the most well-studied member of the NADPH oxidase family, membrane enzymes that produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the proper function of NOX2 is critical for innate immunity against pathogens in mammals. This study reports a high-resolution structure of the NOX2-p22 complex, providing valuable information for a mechanistic understanding of NOX2 activation at the molecular level.

Reviewed by eLife

The ‘ForensOMICS’ approach for postmortem interval estimation from human bone by integrating metabolomics, lipidomics, and proteomics

1. Andrea Bonicelli
2. Hayley L Mickleburgh
3. Alberto Chighine
4. Emanuela Locci
5. Daniel J Wescott
6. Noemi Procopio

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This well-presented and sophisticated study provides significant proof-of-concept for the application of the ForensOMICS approach as a new pathway for forensic taphonomy with great promise to advance future research. The solid foundation of the research combining metabolomics, proteomics, and lipidomics is considered very exciting, strong, and expands the boundaries of forensics research.

Reviewed by eLife

DNA-Stimulated Liquid-Liquid phase separation by eukaryotic topoisomerase ii modulates catalytic function

1. Joshua Jeong
2. Joyce H Lee
3. Claudia C Carcamo
4. Matthew W Parker
5. James M Berger

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  Type II topoisomerases are essential players in virtually every aspect of genome organization and function of all organisms. The in vitro data presented here clearly demonstrate that eukaryotic type II topoisomerases phase separate under physiological conditions, forming liquid-liquid condensates, and that the outcomes of type topoisomerase II activity on DNA are altered in these condensates. The experiments and methods are sound, clearly described, and fully support the insightful and carefully formulated interpretation of the data. This work has broad implications for dissecting and delineating the myriad fundamental roles of this centrally important molecule.

Reviewed by eLife

Integrative modeling reveals the molecular architecture of the intraflagellar transport A (IFT-A) complex

1. Caitlyn L McCafferty
2. Ophelia Papoulas
3. Mareike A Jordan
4. Gabriel Hoogerbrugge
5. Candice Nichols
6. Gaia Pigino
7. David W Taylor
8. John B Wallingford
9. Edward M Marcotte

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This paper will be of interest to scientists working on cilia, intraflagellar transport, and structural modeling. Using an integrative modeling approach, the paper provides a fundamental structural model for a part of the molecular machinery that is responsible for cilium assembly. However, additional approaches would improve confidence in the as yet incomplete structure model.

Reviewed by eLife

Piezo1 as a force-through-membrane sensor in red blood cells

1. George Vaisey
2. Priyam Banerjee
3. Alison J North
4. Christoph A Haselwandter
5. Roderick MacKinnon

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This important paper uses advanced imaging approaches to explore how Piezo1 distributes on surface red blood cells. The study provides compelling evidence that this molecule 'reads' the membrane curvature and clear support for the force-through-membrane model of mechanosensation.

Reviewed by eLife

Robust capability of renal tubule fatty acid uptake from apical and basolateral membranes in physiology and disease

1. Ryo Kawakami
2. Hirofumi Hanaoka
3. Ayaka Kanai
4. Hideru Obinata
5. Daisuke Nakano
6. Hidekazu Ikeuchi
7. Miki Matsui
8. Toshiyuki Matsuzaki
9. Rina Tanaka
10. Hiroaki Sunaga
11. Sawako Goto
12. Hiroki Matsui
13. Norimichi Koitabashi
14. Keiko Saegusa
15. Tomoyuki Yokoyama
16. Keiju Hiromura
17. Akira Nishiyama
18. Akihiko Saito
19. Motoko Yanagita
20. Hideki Ishii
21. Masahiko Kurabayashi
22. Tatsuya Iso

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This manuscript presents valuable and significant data on how lipids may accumulate in the tubulointerstitial compartment of the diseased kidney, but the work is largely descriptive, using methods that are inadequate for quantification (colorimetric assays versus mass spec), thus rendering data interpretation not very convincing. Therefore, while a major strength is the presentation of innovative ideas, additional experiments would be needed to support the main conclusions.

Reviewed by eLife

An acetylation-mediated chromatin switch governs H3K4 methylation read-write capability

1. Kanishk Jain
2. Matthew R Marunde
3. Jonathan M Burg
4. Susan L Gloor
5. Faith M Joseph
6. Karl F Poncha
7. Zachary B Gillespie
8. Keli L Rodriguez
9. Irina K Popova
10. Nathan W Hall
11. Anup Vaidya
12. Sarah A Howard
13. Hailey F Taylor
14. Laylo Mukhsinova
15. Ugochi C Onuoha
16. Emily F Patteson
17. Spencer W Cooke
18. Bethany C Taylor
19. Ellen N Weinzapfel
20. Marcus A Cheek
21. Matthew J Meiners
22. Geoffrey C Fox
23. Kevin EW Namitz
24. Martis W Cowles
25. Krzysztof Krajewski
26. Zu-Wen Sun
27. Michael S Cosgrove
28. Nicolas L Young
29. Michael-Christopher Keogh
30. Brian D Strahl

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study shows that cis H3 tail acetylation promotes nucleosome accessibility to H3K4 methyl readers and writers such as MLL1. The findings provide a molecular basis for the long-standing connection between H3 acetylation and H3K4 methylation. Additional evidence is required to fully support the conclusions.

Reviewed by eLife

Profiling dynamic RNA–protein interactions using small-molecule-induced RNA editing

1. Kyung W. Seo
2. Ralph E. Kleiner

Reviewed by ASAPbio crowd review

N-terminal domain on dystroglycan enables LARGE1 to extend matriglycan on α-dystroglycan and prevents muscular dystrophy

1. Hidehiko Okuma
2. Jeffrey M Hord
3. Ishita Chandel
4. David Venzke
5. Mary E Anderson
6. Ameya S Walimbe
7. Soumya Joseph
8. Zeita Gastel
9. Yuji Hara
10. Fumiaki Saito
11. Kiichiro Matsumura
12. Kevin P Campbell

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  The authors show that the amino terminus of dystroglycan is required for the production of full-length matriglycan, and in its absence, a shorter matriglycan is produced that is still capable of binding laminin. alpha-DGN deficient mice have abnormal neuromuscular synapses and reduced lengthening contraction-induced force. Overall, the well-controlled and convincing data mostly support the main conclusions, which will be of interest to scientists in membrane biology, muscle biology, and glycobiology.

Reviewed by eLife

The conserved centrosomin motif, γTuNA, forms a dimer that directly activates microtubule nucleation by the γ-tubulin ring complex (γTuRC)

1. Michael J Rale
2. Brianna Romer
3. Brian P Mahon
4. Sophie M Travis
5. Sabine Petry

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This paper is of interest to cell biologists studying the mechanisms and control of microtubule nucleation. In this work, the authors use a novel protocol for the purification of gamma-TuRCs and for the production of gamma-TuNA that enables them to demonstrate a clear activating effect of gamma-TuNA on microtubule nucleation that depends on the dimerization of gamma-TuNA protein chains.

Reviewed by eLife