eLife

Latest preprint reviews

1. Gain, not concomitant changes in spatial receptive field properties, improves task performance in a neural network attention model

   This article has 3 authors:

   1. Kai J Fox
   2. Daniel Birman
   3. Justin L Gardner

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     Evaluation Summary:

     This manuscript by Fox, Birman, and Gardner combines human behavioral experiments with spatial attention manipulation and computational modeling (image-computable convolutional neural network models) to investigate the computational mechanisms that may underlie improvements in behavioral performance when deploying spatial attention. Through carefully controlled manipulations of computational architecture and parameters, the authors dissociate the effects of different tuning properties (e.g. tuning gain vs. tuning shifts) and conclude that increases in gain are the primary means by which attention improves behavioral performance. The analyses and results are technically sound and clearly presented, but the generality of the conclusions is limited by certain modeling/task choices made in the work.

     (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 and Reviewer #2 agreed to share their names with the authors.)

   Reviewed by eLife

2. Ecology, more than antibiotics consumption, is the major predictor for the global distribution of aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes

   This article has 2 authors:

   1. Léa Pradier
   2. Stéphanie Bedhomme

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     Evaluation Summary:

     This paper will be of interest to microbiologists, clinicians, and public health workers with an interest in the possible impact of antibiotic use and regulations. The scope of the study is unusually high, integrating economic and geographical factors as well as genomic data among others. However, reasonable alternative explanations can be identified such that the data do not strongly favor the preferred hypothesis put forward by the authors.

     (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

   Reviewed by eLife

3. Starting to have sexual intercourse is associated with increases in cervicovaginal immune mediators in young women: a prospective study and meta-analysis

   This article has 16 authors:

   1. Sean M Hughes
   2. Claire N Levy
   3. Fernanda L Calienes
   4. Katie A Martinez
   5. Stacy Selke
   6. Kenneth Tapia
   7. Bhavna H Chohan
   8. Lynda Oluoch
   9. Catherine Kiptinness
   10. Anna Wald
   11. Mimi Ghosh
   12. Liselotte Hardy
   13. Kenneth Ngure
   14. Nelly R Mugo
   15. Florian Hladik
   16. Alison C Roxby

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     Evaluation Summary:

     This study finds that the levels of many immune markers are higher in vaginal samples in women taken after initiation of vaginal sex than before initiation of vaginal sex. This result may indicate that initiation of vaginal sex potentially influences vaginal immune responses, but it is possible that unmeasured confounding and selection bias might contribute to some of the difference across samples. This study will be of highest interest to those interested in how immune markers can change within individuals over time.

     (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

   Reviewed by eLife

4. Large-scale analysis and computer modeling reveal hidden regularities behind variability of cell division patterns in Arabidopsis thaliana embryogenesis

   This article has 5 authors:

   1. Elise Laruelle
   2. Katia Belcram
   3. Alain Trubuil
   4. Jean-Christophe Palauqui
   5. Philippe Andrey

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     Evaluation Summary:

     The manuscript presents a high-quality quantitative analysis of plant embryo cell division in 3D. Authors combine computer modeling with detailed microscopy imaging to reveal underlying patterns and biases in cell divisions. The manuscript will likely be of interest to cell and developmental biologists. The conclusion can be straightened following additional analysis and data interpretation.

     (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

   Reviewed by eLife

5. Connectomic analysis of the Drosophila lateral neuron clock cells reveals the synaptic basis of functional pacemaker classes

   This article has 8 authors:

   1. Orie T Shafer
   2. Gabrielle J Gutierrez
   3. Kimberly Li
   4. Amber Mildenhall
   5. Daphna Spira
   6. Jonathan Marty
   7. Aurel A Lazar
   8. Maria de la Paz Fernandez

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     Evaluation Summary:

     This paper analyses the synaptic connections of two subsets of clock neurons in the Drosophila brain, the small ventral lateral neurons and the dorsal lateral neurons that control the sleep-wake behavior. The study reveals interesting features of the clock network, including the high heterogeneity of the LNd subset and the existence of non-clock cells that are predicted to act as "inter-clock neurons". The manuscript will be of interest to chronobiologists and neuroscientists working on neuronal networks, and it provides new insights into circadian clock network organization that may be of general value. The data analysis is rigorous, and the conclusions are justified by the data.

     (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

   Reviewed by eLife

6. Effects of an IgE receptor polymorphism acting on immunity, susceptibility to infection, and reproduction in a wild rodent

   This article has 7 authors:

   1. Klara M Wanelik
   2. Mike Begon
   3. Janette E Bradley
   4. Ida M Friberg
   5. Joseph A Jackson
   6. Christopher H Taylor
   7. Steve Paterson

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     Evaluation Summary:

     This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the effects of polymorphism in an immune gene (the immunoglobulin E receptor Fcer1a) on immune responses, resistance to infection, and reproductive fitness in a wild rodent population. The authors claim to have found evidence for sex-specific effects of Fcer1a polymorphism, a result that would have broad implications for our understanding of the maintenance of genetic variation. The support for this claim is currently rather weak.

     (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

   Reviewed by eLife

7. Gallbladder adenocarcinomas undergo subclonal diversification and selection from precancerous lesions to metastatic tumors

   This article has 21 authors:

   1. Minsu Kang
   2. Hee Young Na
   3. Soomin Ahn
   4. Ji-Won Kim
   5. Sejoon Lee
   6. Soyeon Ahn
   7. Ju Hyun Lee
   8. Jeonghwan Youk
   9. Haesook T Kim
   10. Kui-Jin Kim
   11. Koung Jin Suh
   12. Jun Suh Lee
   13. Se Hyun Kim
   14. Jin Won Kim
   15. Yu Jung Kim
   16. Keun-Wook Lee
   17. Yoo-Seok Yoon
   18. Jee Hyun Kim
   19. Jin-Haeng Chung
   20. Ho-Seong Han
   21. Jong Seok Lee

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     Evaluation Summary:

     The authors collected human samples from a rare cancer type in which evolutionary features have not been well-defined. They describe the clonal evolution through sampling at precancerous, primary tumour, and metastatic stages. Whole exome sequencing was performed and one of the mutation types was confirmed with other techniques.

     (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

   Reviewed by eLife

8. A systematic, complexity-reduction approach to dissect the kombucha tea microbiome

   This article has 3 authors:

   1. Xiaoning Huang
   2. Yongping Xin
   3. Ting Lu

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     Evaluation Summary:

     This work will be of interest for researchers studying the functions of microbial communities, microbial ecology and interactions. Using the Kombucha tea (KT) microbiome as a case study, Huang et al. provide a framework for simplifying complex communities into core communities that capture aspects of complex communities. Authors demonstrated that core communities can facilitate a mechanistic understanding of how microbes interact, especially when member species are individually culturable. The work presents a fresh, novel approach for the coarse-grained analysis of complex microbiomes.

     (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

   Reviewed by eLife

9. Inhibitory IL-10-producing CD4+ T cells are T-bet-dependent and facilitate cytomegalovirus persistence via coexpression of arginase-1

   This article has 17 authors:

   1. Mathew Clement
   2. Kristin Ladell
   3. Kelly L Miners
   4. Morgan Marsden
   5. Lucy Chapman
   6. Anna Cardus Figueras
   7. Jake Scott
   8. Robert Andrews
   9. Simon Clare
   10. Valeriia V Kriukova
   11. Ksenia R Lupyr
   12. Olga V Britanova
   13. David R Withers
   14. Simon A Jones
   15. Dmitriy M Chudakov
   16. David A Price
   17. Ian R Humphreys

   This article has been curated by 1 group:

   • Curated by eLife

     Evaluation Summary:

     This manuscript analyses the inhibitory role of IL-10 producing regulatory T-cells in a mouse cytomegalovirus infection model. The authors report that IL-10 producing CD4+T-cells express genes of chronically activated Th1-cells, are clonally expanded and inhibit anti-viral T-cell responses via arginase, an enzyme that breaks down an essential amino acid for T-cell activation. The manuscript presents some novel and potentially important data; however, it requires the provision of additional experimental data and clarifications.

     (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

   Reviewed by eLife

10. Arbidol inhibits human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma growth in vitro and in vivo through suppressing ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein kinase

    This article has 13 authors:

    1. Ning Yang
    2. Xuebo Lu
    3. Yanan Jiang
    4. Lili Zhao
    5. Donghao Wang
    6. Yaxing Wei
    7. Yin Yu
    8. Myoung Ok Kim
    9. Kyle Vaughn Laster
    10. Xin Li
    11. Baoyin Yuan
    12. Zigang Dong
    13. Kangdong Liu

    This article has been curated by 1 group:

    • Curated by eLife

      Evaluation Summary:

      This manuscript will be of interest to a broad audience of cancer biologists, especially those interested in esophageal cancer or treatment strategies involving ATR inhibition. It provides novel information about how FDA-approved antiretroviral compound Arbidol is a potential ATR inhibitor, which is of interest in the treatment of multiple tumor types. The key claims of the manuscript are supported by in silico, in vitro, and in vivo data.

      (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #2 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

    Reviewed by eLife