Oncology

A Large-Scale Proteomics Resource of Circulating Extracellular Vesicles for Biomarker Discovery in Pancreatic Cancer

1. Bruno Bockorny
2. Lakshmi Muthuswamy
3. Ling Huang
4. Marco Hadisurya
5. Christine Maria Lim
6. Leo L Tsai
7. Ritu R Gill
8. Jesse L Wei
9. Andrea J Bullock
10. Joseph E Grossman
11. Robert J Besaw
12. Supraja Narasimhan
13. W Andy Tao
14. Sofia Perea
15. Mandeep S Sawhney
16. Steven D Freedman
17. Manuel Hidalgo
18. Anton Iliuk
19. Senthil K Muthuswamy

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  The authors analyze a comprehensive cohort of human plasma samples to identify an extracellular vesicles protein signature for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. The application of liquid biopsies is valuable, and the work addresses a key clinical problem as pancreas cancer is often diagnosed in late stages. The strength of evidence is solid. Altogether, this work supports the potential use of extracellular vesicles in clinical settings, with promising value to scientists and clinicians.

Reviewed by eLife

Different treatment durations of loperamide in preventing pyrotinib-induced diarrhea: A randomized, parallel-group sub-study of the phase II PHAEDRA trial

1. Changjun Wang
2. Yan Lin
3. Ying Xu
4. Feng Mao
5. Jinghong Guan
6. Xuejing Wang
7. Yanna Zhang
8. Xiaohui Zhang
9. Songjie Shen
10. Ying Zhong
11. Bo Pan
12. Li Peng
13. Xin Huang
14. Xi Cao
15. Ru Yao
16. Xintong Zhou
17. Zecheng He
18. Yuhan Liu
19. Jie Lang
20. Chenggang Li
21. Yidong Zhou
22. Qiang Sun

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study presents a useful finding for the prevention of diarrhea with loperamide in patients with early HER2-positive breast cancer treated with nab-paclitaxel in combination with pyrotinib. The evidence supporting the claims of the authors is somewhat incomplete. The enrollment of patients as a control group who have not received prophylactic treatment for diarrhea would have strengthened the study, and the addition of double-blinding for the assessment of treatment may be necessary. The work will be of interest to scientists working in the field of clinical breast cancer treatment.

Reviewed by eLife

Machine learning and biological validation identify sphingolipids as potential mediators of paclitaxel-induced neuropathy in cancer patients

1. Jörn Lötsch
2. Khayal Gasimli
3. Sebastian Malkusch
4. Lisa Hahnefeld
5. Carlo Angioni
6. Yannick Schreiber
7. Sandra Trautmann
8. Saskia Wedel
9. Dominique Thomas
10. Nerea Ferreiros Bouzas
11. Christian H Brandts
12. Benjamin Schnappauf
13. Christine Solbach
14. Gerd Geisslinger
15. Marco Sisignano

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  Sisigano et al. report findings about the role of sphingolipids using lipidomics with machine learning in paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy and preliminary translation of the impact of SA1P in cultured neuronal cells. This study presents a valuable finding on the increased activity of two well-studied signal transduction pathways in a subtype of breast cancer. The significance is limited by incomplete evidence which can be addressed in larger clinical cohorts in the future and with more robust biological validation approaches.

Reviewed by eLife

Conditional Survival and Nomogram for Elderly Non-Metastatic Colon Cancer Patients Following Colectomy

1. Yadong Gao
2. Huimin Wang
3. Yi Zhang
4. Jing Zhao
5. Sujuan Feng
6. Jianwei Qiu

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This useful work provides a risk-prediction tool, in the form of a nomogram, for practitioners and elderly patients with non-metastatic colon cancer using data from the SEER registry. The unique contribution of this work is the focus on conditional survival. However, the underlying statistical approach is suboptimal and therefore incomplete, which substantially lessens the potential impact of this work. The analysis could use a more rigorous consideration of competing risks.

Reviewed by eLife

Ultra-low coverage fragmentomic model of cell-free DNA for cancer detection based on whole-exome regions

1. Apiwat Sangphukieo
2. Pitiporn Noisagul
3. Patcharawadee Thongkumkoon
4. Parunya Chaiyawat

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study provides useful insights for anyone focusing on exonic regions when looking into the investigation of DNA fragmentation patterns (fragmentomics) for circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) data for cancer detection. The method expands the DELFI method of Cristiano and colleagues (2019), but the datasets chosen are not ideal and the analysis remains incomplete.

Reviewed by eLife

Associations of combined phenotypic aging and genetic risk with incident cancer: A prospective cohort study

1. Lijun Bian
2. Zhimin Ma
3. Xiangjin Fu
4. Chen Ji
5. Tianpei Wang
6. Caiwang Yan
7. Juncheng Dai
8. Hongxia Ma
9. Zhibin Hu
10. Hongbing Shen
11. Lu Wang
12. Meng Zhu
13. Guangfu Jin

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study presents fundamental findings that advance our understanding of the role of phenotypic aging in cancer risk. This article presents compelling results that show Phenotypic Age Acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel) can predict cancer incidence of different types and could be used with genetic risk to facilitate the identification of cancer-susceptible individuals. These results will be of broad interest to the research community and clinicians.

Reviewed by eLife

Dynamic analysis of circulating tumor DNA to predict the prognosis and monitor the treatment response of patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer: A prospective study

1. Yajing Chi
2. Mu Su
3. Dongdong Zhou
4. Fangchao Zheng
5. Baoxuan Zhang
6. Ling Qiang
7. Guohua Ren
8. Lihua Song
9. Bing Bu
10. Shu Fang
11. Bo Yu
12. Jinxing Zhou
13. Jinming Yu
14. Huihui Li

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This prospective study advances our understanding of the predictive role of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in the prognosis and of patients with mTNBC as well as other cancers. The evidence supporting the conclusions is convincing with rigorous analysis of the association between ctDNA (ctDNA-positive or not) with the progression-free survival (PFS) of patients. However, there are a few areas in which the article may be improved through further analysis of the clinical outcome and elaboration of the prospective study (i.e., the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the patients). The work will be of broad interest to clinicians, medical researchers and scientists working in cancers.

Reviewed by eLife

Effects of neoadjuvant stereotactic body radiotherapy plus adebrelimab and chemotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer: A pilot study

1. Guanglei Chen
2. Xi Gu
3. Jinqi Xue
4. Xu Zhang
5. Xiaopeng Yu
6. Yu Zhang
7. Ailin Li
8. Yi Zhao
9. Guijin He
10. Meiyue Tang
11. Fei Xing
12. Jianqiao Yin
13. Xiaobo Bian
14. Ye Han
15. Shuo Cao
16. Chao Liu
17. Xiaofan Jiang
18. Keliang Zhang
19. Yan Xia
20. Huajun Li
21. Nan Niu
22. Caigang Liu
23. On behalf of the Northeastern Clinical Research Alliance of Oncology (NCRAO)

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study presents a valuable finding of a novel combinatory regimen which integrate immunotherapy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the current refractory triple negative breast cancer. The evidence supporting the claims of the authors is solid, although inclusion of a larger number of patient samples would have strengthened the study. The work will be of interest to Clinicians working on breast cancer.

Reviewed by eLife

Multimodal analysis of methylomics and fragmentomics in plasma cell-free DNA for multi-cancer early detection and localization

1. Van Thien Chi Nguyen
2. Trong Hieu Nguyen
3. Nhu Nhat Tan Doan
4. Thi Mong Quynh Pham
5. Giang Thi Huong Nguyen
6. Thanh Dat Nguyen
7. Thuy Thi Thu Tran
8. Duy Long Vo
9. Thanh Hai Phan
10. Thanh Xuan Jasmine
11. Van Chu Nguyen
12. Huu Thinh Nguyen
13. Trieu Vu Nguyen
14. Thi Hue Hanh Nguyen
15. Le Anh Khoa Huynh
16. Trung Hieu Tran
17. Quang Thong Dang
18. Thuy Nguyen Doan
19. Anh Minh Tran
20. Viet Hai Nguyen
21. Vu Tuan Anh Nguyen
22. Le Minh Quoc Ho
23. Quang Dat Tran
24. Thi Thu Thuy Pham
25. Tan Dat Ho
26. Bao Toan Nguyen
27. Thanh Nhan Vo Nguyen
28. Thanh Dang Nguyen
29. Dung Thai Bieu Phu
30. Boi Hoan Huu Phan
31. Thi Loan Vo
32. Thi Huong Thoang Nai
33. Thuy Trang Tran
34. My Hoang Truong
35. Ngan Chau Tran
36. Trung Kien Le
37. Thanh Huong Thi Tran
38. Minh Long Duong
39. Hoai Phuong Thi Bach
40. Van Vu Kim
41. The Anh Pham
42. Duc Huy Tran
43. Trinh Ngoc An Le
44. Truong Vinh Ngoc Pham
45. Minh Triet Le
46. Dac Ho Vo
47. Thi Minh Thu Tran
48. Minh Nguyen Nguyen
49. Thi Tuong Vi Van
50. Anh Nhu Nguyen
51. Thi Trang Tran
52. Vu Uyen Tran
53. Minh Phong Le
54. Thi Thanh Do
55. Thi Van Phan
56. Hong-Dang Luu Nguyen
57. Duy Sinh Nguyen
58. Van Thinh Cao
59. Thanh-Thuy Thi Do
60. Dinh Kiet Truong
61. Hung Sang Tang
62. Hoa Giang
63. Hoai-Nghia Nguyen
64. Minh-Duy Phan
65. Le Son Tran

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study provides insights into the early detection of malignancies with noninvasive methods by developing a framework, which assesses methylation, CNA, and other genomic features. They established a solid model in discriminating malignancies from healthy controls, as well as the ability to distinguish tumor of origin. This important study will demonstrate its practical impacts in the clinic and other researchers of the field.

Reviewed by eLife

Cancer inpatients with COVID-19: A report from the Brazilian National Cancer Institute

1. Andreia C. de Melo
2. Luiz C. S. Thuler
3. Jesse L. da Silva
4. Lucas Z. de Albuquerque
5. Ana C. Pecego
6. Luciana de O. R. Rodrigues
7. Magda S. da Conceição
8. Marianne M. Garrido
9. Gelcio L. Quintella Mendes
10. Ana Cristina P. Mendes Pereira
11. Marcelo A. Soares
12. João P. B. Viola
13. on behalf of the Brazilian National Cancer Institute COVID-19 Task Force

Reviewed by ScreenIT