Neuroscience

The electrogenicity of the Na+/K+-ATPase poses challenges for computation in highly active spiking cells

1. Liz Weerdmeester
2. Jan-Hendrik Schleimer
3. Susanne Schreiber

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important study provides new insights into the lesser-known effects of the sodium-potassium pump on how nerve cells process signals, particularly in highly active cells like those of weakly electric fish. The computational methods used to establish the claims in this work are compelling and can be used as a starting point for further studies.

Reviewed by eLife

Astrocytes mobilize a broader repertoire of lysosomal repair mechanisms than neurons

1. Erin M. Smith
2. Natali L. Chanaday
3. Sandra Maday

Reviewed by Arcadia Science

Dual-format attentional template during preparation in human visual cortex

1. Yilin Chen
2. Taosheng Liu
3. Ke Jia
4. Jan Theeuwes
5. Mengyuan Gong

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  By combining the 'pinging' technique with fMRI-based multivariate pattern analysis, this important study provides compelling evidence for a dual-format representation of attention during the preparatory period. The findings help reconcile the debate between sensory-like and non-sensory accounts of attentional templates and shed light on how the brain flexibly deploys different forms of templates to guide attention. This work will be of broad interest to researchers in psychology, vision science, and cognitive neuroscience.

Reviewed by eLife

Dual transcranial electromagnetic stimulation of the precuneus boosts human long-term memory

1. Ilaria Borghi
2. Lucia Mencarelli
3. Michele Maiella
4. Elias Paolo Casula
5. Matteo Ferraresi
6. Francesca Candeo
7. Elena Savastano
8. Martina Assogna
9. Sonia Bonnì
10. Giacomo Koch

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This work presents important findings suggesting that a combination of transcranial stimulation approaches applied for a short period could improve memory performance. Solid methods and evidence, in line with current standards for non-invasive stimulation and recording, are included to broadly support the main findings. The results potentially have implications for non-invasive enhancement of cognitive functions.

Reviewed by eLife

Diverse calcium dynamics underlie place field formation in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells

1. Mate Sumegi
2. Gaspar Olah
3. Istvan Paul Lukacs
4. Martin Blazsek
5. Judit K Makara
6. Zoltan Nusser

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This fundamental study provides new insights into the plasticity mechanisms underlying the formation of spatial maps in the hippocampus. Supported by a large and comprehensive dataset, the evidence is convincing. This study will be of interest to neuroscientists focusing on spatial navigation, learning, and memory.

Reviewed by eLife

Enhancing Statistical Power While Maintaining Small Sample Sizes in Behavioral Neuroscience Experiments Evaluating Success Rates

1. Theo Desachy
2. Marc Thevenet
3. Samuel Garcia
4. Anistasha Lightning
5. Anne Didier
6. Nathalie Mandairon
7. Nicola Kuczewski

Reviewed by Peer Community in Neuroscience

Local, calcium- and reward-based synaptic learning rule that enhances dendritic nonlinearities can solve the nonlinear feature binding problem

1. Zahra Khodadadi
2. Daniel Trpevski
3. Robert Lindroos
4. Jeanette Hellgren Kotaleski

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This computational modeling study builds on multiple previous lines of experimental and theoretical research to investigate how a single neuron can solve a nonlinear pattern classification task. The revised manuscript presents convincing evidence that the location of synapses on dendritic branches, as well as synaptic plasticity of excitatory and inhibitory synapses, influences the ability of a neuron to discriminate combinations of sensory stimuli. The ideas in this work are very interesting, presenting an important direction in the computational neuroscience field about how to harness the computational power of "active dendrites" for solving learning tasks.

Reviewed by eLife

Diffusion MRS tracks distinct trajectories of neuronal development in the cerebellum and thalamus of rat neonates

1. Clémence Ligneul
2. Lily Qiu
3. William T Clarke
4. Saad Jbabdi
5. Marco Palombo
6. Jason P Lerch

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study presents a valuable investigation into cell-specific microstructural development in the neonatal rat brain using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The evidence supporting the core claims is solid, with innovative in vivo data acquisition and modeling, noting residual caveats with regard to the limitations of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance spectroscopy for strict validation of cell-type-specific metabolite compartmentation. In addition, the study provides community resources that will benefit researchers in this field. The work will be of interest to researchers studying brain development and biophysical imaging methods.

Reviewed by eLife

Relative timescale of channel voltage dependence and channel density regulation impacts assembly and recovery of activity

1. Yugarshi Mondal
2. Ronald L Calabrese
3. Eve Marder

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This important computational study investigates homeostatic plasticity mechanisms that neurons may employ to achieve and maintain stable target activity patterns. The work extends previous analyses of calcium-dependent homeostatic mechanisms based on ion channel density by considering activity-dependent shifts in channel activation and inactivation properties that operate on faster and potentially variable timescales. The model simulations convincingly demonstrate the potential functional importance of these mechanisms.

Reviewed by eLife

Afadin-deficient mouse retinas exhibit severe neuronal lamination defects but preserve visual functions

1. Akiko Ueno
2. Konan Sakuta
3. Hiroki Ono
4. Aki Hashio
5. Haruki Tokumoto
6. Mikiya Watanabe
7. Taketo Nishimoto
8. Toru Konishi
9. Yuki Emori
10. Shunsuke Mizuno
11. Mao Hiratsuka
12. Jun Miyoshi
13. Yoshimi Takai
14. Masao Tachibana
15. Chieko Koike

• Curated by eLife

  eLife Assessment

  This study demonstrates that conditional knockout of afadin disrupts retinal laminar organization and reduces the number of photoreceptors, while preserving certain aspects of retinal ganglion cell structure and light responsiveness. The work is valuable and well-supported by revised figures and comprehensive data on retinal cell types, lamination patterns, and visual functio. The findings are solid and intriguing, and the study provides insights into the relationship between retinal lamination and neural circuit function.

Reviewed by eLife