Neuroscience

Enhanced functional detection of synaptic calcium-permeable AMPA receptors using intracellular NASPM

1. Ian Coombs
2. Cécile Bats
3. Craig A Sexton
4. Dorota Studniarczyk
5. Stuart G Cull-Candy
6. Mark Farrant

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  Here the authors identify that inclusion of intracellular NASPM can fully block Ca-permeable AMPA receptors regardless of association with auxiliary subunits. The distinction between Ca-permeable and Ca-impermeable AMPA receptors is critical to synaptic physiology, and thus these results will be of interest within the field of excitatory synaptic transmission. The data is of high quality and the experimental analysis is rigorous, but the key claim that the approach provides an unambiguous functional measure of CP-AMPAR prevalence has not been fully supported.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #2 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Impaired spatial learning and suppression of sharp wave ripples by cholinergic activation at the goal location

1. Przemyslaw Jarzebowski
2. Clara S Tang
3. Ole Paulsen
4. Y Audrey Hay

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This paper is of interest for those interested in the roles of cholinergic projections from the medial septum and sharp wave-ripples on reward learning. The work provides compelling evidence showing that activation of septal cholinergic cells at reward zones suppresses sharp wave-ripples and impairs memory performance in freely behaving animals. The work extends our knowledge of the effect of medial septum cholinergic inputs on hippocampal dependent spatial memory formation.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #2 and Reviewer #3 agreed to share their names with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Distinct higher-order representations of natural sounds in human and ferret auditory cortex

1. Agnès Landemard
2. Célian Bimbard
3. Charlie Demené
4. Shihab Shamma
5. Sam Norman-Haignere
6. Yves Boubenec

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  Landemard et al. compare the response properties of primary vs. non-primary auditory cortex in ferrets with respect to natural and model-matched sounds, using functional ultrasound imaging. They find that responses do not differentiate between natural and model-matched sounds across ferret auditory cortex; in contrast, by drawing on previously published data in humans, the authors suggest that this is a defining distinction between human and non-human auditory cortex.

  This was found to be a very nice study and with interesting results that are applicable to the general neuroscience community. The analyses are conducted well and a wealth of results are included, including findings for individual subjects and hemispheres (in supplementary figures). Concerns involved the size of the data set (only 2 animals), and some more explanation was needed with respect to data analysis choices.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 and Reviewer #2 agreed to share their names with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Working memory gates visual input to primate prefrontal neurons

1. Behrad Noudoost
2. Kelsey Lynne Clark
3. Tirin Moore

• Curated by eLife

  Summary:

  This is a brief paper documenting the properties of neurons in the frontal eye field (FEF), a cortical brain area traditionally thought to receive visual input and transform it internally to motor commands. The authors used extracellular recordings and electrical microstimulation in behaving non-human primates to add to this view by showing that visual input to FEF from visual area V4 appears to be gated by working -memory activity in FEF. The study was considered well done and interesting, albeit with several important concerns about the interpretation of the findings.

  Reviewer #1 opted to reveal their name to the authors in the decision letter after review.

Reviewed by eLife

Linguistic processing of task-irrelevant speech at a cocktail party

1. Paz Har-shai Yahav
2. Elana Zion Golumbic

• Curated by eLife

  Summary:

  This study addresses a current and important question: how deeply are "ignored" speech stimuli processed? By imposing a regular rhythm on the to-be-ignored speech and analyzing MEG responses in the frequency domain, you were able to show an increase in power at the phrasal level (1 Hz) of irrelevant speech when It contained structured (linguistic) content, but not at the word level (2 Hz) or the sentence level (0.5 Hz). This finding supports the idea that cortical activity represents syntactic information about the unattended speech. Source analysis shows that the task-irrelevant speech is processed at the sentence level in the left fronto-temporal area and posterior parietal cortex, and in a manner very different from the acoustical encoding of syllables. Though the study is intriguing and well designed, there are some issues that must be addressed to back up the claims of the paper.

  Reviewer #1 and Reviewer #2 opted to reveal their name to the authors in the decision letter after review.

Reviewed by eLife

Information flow, cell types and stereotypy in a full olfactory connectome

1. Philipp Schlegel
2. Alexander Shakeel Bates
3. Tomke Stürner
4. Sridhar R Jagannathan
5. Nikolas Drummond
6. Joseph Hsu
7. Laia Serratosa Capdevila
8. Alexandre Javier
9. Elizabeth C Marin
10. Asa Barth-Maron
11. Imaan FM Tamimi
12. Feng Li
13. Gerald M Rubin
14. Stephen M Plaza
15. Marta Costa
16. Gregory S X E Jefferis

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This study is a tour-de-force that makes a major contribution to the field. It provides a wealth of information about connectivity in the Drosophila olfactory system, identifying a variety of novel features of its neural organization. The study provides a careful analysis of the practically important and biologically interesting question of stereotypy among animals which previous connectomic studies of the fly brain lacked. A variety of interesting hypotheses are generated. Finally, it establishes a paradigm for the analysis other neural systems.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #2 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Brainrender : a python-based software for visualizing anatomically registered data

1. F. Claudi
2. A. L. Tyson
3. L. Petrucco
4. T.W. Margrie
5. R. Portugues
6. T. Branco

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This paper by Claudi et al. will be of interest to any scientist working in neuroanatomy and related fields. Dissemination of scientific results is one of the key products of science, and the software presented here will help scientists achieve that task more easily than ever before.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #2 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

DREADD-mediated amygdala activation is sufficient to induce anxiety-like responses in young nonhuman primates

1. Sascha A.L. Mueller
2. Jonathan A. Oler
3. Patrick H. Roseboom
4. Nakul Aggarwal
5. Margaux M. Kenwood
6. Marissa K. Riedel
7. Victoria R. Elam
8. Miles E. Olsen
9. Alexandra H. DiFilippo
10. Bradley T. Christian
11. Xing Hu
12. Adriana Galvan
13. Matthew A. Boehm
14. Michael Michaelides
15. Ned H. Kalin

Reviewed by PREreview

BonVision – an open-source software to create and control visual environments

1. Gonçalo Lopes
2. Karolina Farrell
3. Edward A. B. Horrocks
4. Chi-Yu Lee
5. Mai M. Morimoto
6. Tomaso Muzzu
7. Amalia Papanikolaou
8. Fabio R. Rodrigues
9. Thomas Wheatcroft
10. Stefano Zucca
11. Samuel G. Solomon
12. Aman B. Saleem

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  Increasingly, neuroscience experiments require immersive virtual environments that approximate natural sensory motor loops while permitting high-bandwidth measurements of brain activity. BonVision is an open-source graphics programming library that allows experimenters to quickly implement immersive 3D visual environments across display hardware and geometry with automated calibration and integration with hundreds of different neural recording technologies, behavioral apparatuses, etc. BonVision standardizes sharing complex, closed-loop visual tasks between labs with vastly different equipment, provides a concrete and easy way to do so, and should be of interest to a wide array of visual systems neuroscientists.

Reviewed by eLife

Unsupervised learning of haptic material properties

1. Anna Metzger
2. Matteo Toscani

Reviewed by eLife