Neuroscience

Overnight fasting facilitates safety learning by changing the neurophysiological response to relief from threat omission

1. Silvia Papalini
2. Tom Beckers
3. Lukas Van Oudenhove
4. Bram Vervliet

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study on the effects of fasting on safety learning rests on basic premises and concepts that both reviewers found difficult to follow. If these can be clarified, the findings may well be useful and of some utility for the field of emotional learning as well as experimental clinical psychology. However, the main claims of the study are only partially supported and are therefore incomplete.

Reviewed by eLife

Early-life stress induces persistent astrocyte dysfunction resulting in fear generalisation

1. Mathias Guayasamin
2. Lewis R Depaauw-Holt
3. Ifeoluwa I Adedipe
4. Ossama Ghenissa
5. Juliette Vaugeois
6. Manon Duquenne
7. Benjamin Rogers
8. Jade Latraverse-Arquilla
9. Sarah Peyrard
10. Anthony Bosson
11. Ciaran Murphy-Royal

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  Early-life adversity or stress can enhance stress susceptibility by causing changes in emotion, cognition, and reward-seeking behaviors. This important manuscript highlights the involvement of lateral amygdala astrocytes in fear generalization and the associated synaptic plasticity, which are parallel to the effects of early life stress. With an elegant combination of behavioral models, morphological and functional assessments using immunostaining, electrophysiology, and viral-mediated loss-of-function approaches, the authors provide solid correlational and causal evidence that is consistent with the hypothesis that early life stress produces neural and behavioral dysfunction via perturbing lateral amygdala astrocytic function.

Reviewed by eLife

An Intra-brainstem Circuit for Pain-induced Inhibition of Itch

1. Jagat Narayan Prajapati
2. Devanshi Piyush Shah
3. Arnab Barik

Reviewed by Arcadia Science

In vivo mapping of protein-protein interactions of schizophrenia risk factors generates an interconnected disease network

1. Daniel B. McClatchy
2. Susan B. Powell
3. John R. Yates

Reviewed by Review Commons

dAux orchestrates the phosphorylation-dependent assembly of the lysosomal V-ATPase in glia and contributes to α-synuclein degradation

1. Shiping Zhang
2. Linfang Wang
3. Shuanglong Yi
4. Yu-ting Tsai
5. Honglei Wang
6. Shuhua Li
7. Ruiqi Wang
8. Yang Liu
9. Wei Yan
10. Chang Liu
11. Kai-Wen He
12. Margaret S. Ho

Reviewed by PREreview

Ventral tegmental area interneurons revisited: GABA and glutamate projection neurons make local synapses

1. Lucie Oriol
2. Melody Chao
3. Grace J Kollman
4. Dina S Dowlat
5. Sarthak M Singhal
6. Thomas Steinkellner
7. Thomas S Hnasko

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This manuscript provides convincing evidence derived from diverse state-of-the-art approaches to suggest that non-dopaminergic projection neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) make local synapses. These important findings challenge the prevailing wisdom that VTA interneurons exclusively form local synaptic contacts and instead reveal that VTA neurons expressing interneuron markers also form long-range projections to forebrain targets such as the cortex, ventral pallidum, and nucleus accumbens. Given the importance of VTA interneurons to many models of VTA-linked behavioral functions, these findings have significant implications for our understanding of the neural circuits underlying reward, motivation, and addiction.

Reviewed by eLife

A multiscale model of striatum microcircuit dynamics

1. Federico Tesler
2. Alexander Kozlov
3. Sten Grillner
4. Alain Destexhe

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study is potentially valuable, however currently its findings are incomplete, in that the paper's promise to deliver multiscale models that further our understanding of striatal function remains largely unfulfilled. A major weakness is that the findings are not integrated well within the rich landscape of existing striatal network modeling literature. Another major weakness is that the model is explored only in overly simplified scenarios and with limited comparison to data.

Reviewed by eLife

Periaqueductal gray activates antipredatory neural responses in the amygdala of foraging rats

1. Eun Joo Kim
2. Mi-Seon Kong
3. Sanggeon Park
4. Jeiwon Cho
5. Jeansok John Kim

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study presents valuable findings describing how the midbrain periaqueductal gray matter and basolateral amygdala communicate when a predator threat is detected. Though the periaqueductal gray is usually viewed as a downstream effector, this work contributes to a growing body of literature from this lab showing that the periaqueductal gray produces effects by acting on the basolateral amygdala, the experimental design, data collection and analysis methods provide solid evidence for the main claims. The anatomical and immediately early gene evidence that the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus may serve as a mediator of dorsolateral periaqueductal gray to basolateral amygdala neurotransmission provides and impetus for future functional assessment of this possibility. This study will appeal to a broad audience, including basic scientists interested in neural circuits, basic and clinical researchers interested in fear, and behavioral ecologists interested in foraging.

Reviewed by eLife

Endopiriform neurons projecting to ventral CA1 are a critical node for recognition memory

1. Naoki Yamawaki
2. Hande Login
3. Solbjørg Østergaard Feld-Jakobsen
4. Bernadett Mercedesz Molnar
5. Mads Zippor Kirkegaard
6. Maria Moltesen
7. Aleksandra Okrasa
8. Jelena Radulovic
9. Asami Tanimura

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This important study offers insights into the function and connectivity patterns of a relatively unknown afferent input from the endopiriform to the CA1 subfield of the ventral hippocampus, suggesting a neural mechanism that suppresses the processing of familiar stimuli in favor of detecting novelty. The strength of evidence is solid, with careful anatomical and electrophysiological circuit characterization, although the functional role of this pathway in behavior is not firmly established. The work will be of broad interest to researchers studying the neural circuitry of behavior.

Reviewed by eLife

Fungi activate Toll-1 dependent immune evasion to induce cell loss in the host brain

1. Deepanshu N.D. Singh
2. Abigail R.E. Roberts
3. Enrique Quesada Moraga
4. David Alliband
5. Elizabeth Ballou
6. Hung-Ji Tsai
7. Alicia Hidalgo

Reviewed by Review Commons