Neuroscience

Transient regulation of focal adhesion via Tensin3 is required for nascent oligodendrocyte differentiation

1. Emeric Merour
2. Hatem Hmidan
3. Corentine Marie
4. Pierre-Henri Helou
5. Haiyang Lu
6. Antoine Potel
7. Jean-Baptiste Hure
8. Adrien Clavairoly
9. Yi Ping Shih
10. Salman Goudarzi
11. Sebastien Dussaud
12. Philippe Ravassard
13. Sassan Hafizi
14. Su Hao Lo
15. Bassem A Hassan
16. Carlos Parras

Reviewed by Review Commons

A generalized cortical activity pattern at internally generated mental context boundaries during unguided narrative recall

1. Hongmi Lee
2. Janice Chen

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This manuscript is of interest to cognitive neuroscientists working on topics broadly related to memory, event segmentation and mental context. It presents an interesting set of new analyses related to internally versus externally driven changes in mental context. The idea is innovative and the analyses and methods are thoughtful and rigorous. There are some concerns about the degree to which the interpretations are supported by the data, but they could potentially be resolved with additional control analyses.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1, Reviewer #2 and Reviewer #3 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Quantitative MRI reveals differences in striatal myelin in children with DLD

1. Saloni Krishnan
2. Gabriel J Cler
3. Harriet J Smith
4. Hanna E Willis
5. Salomi S Asaridou
6. Máiréad P Healy
7. Daniel Papp
8. Kate E Watkins

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This is a paper that will be of broad interest to cognitive scientists, cognitive neuroscientists and speech pathologists who study language disorders. They apply a new structural neuro-imaging technique - multi-parameter mapping (MPM) to a very large sample of children with and without developmental language disorders. MPM allows them to identify localized structural differences (particularly myelin) that cannot be observed with other techniques. It offers convincing evidence that differences in a range of neural structures--including theoretically motivated left hemisphere language areas, and procedural learning--can be linked to variation in language ability.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #2 and Reviewer #3 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Nigrostriatal dopamine signals sequence-specific action-outcome prediction errors

1. Nick G. Hollon
2. Elora W. Williams
3. Christopher D. Howard
4. Hao Li
5. Tavish I. Traut
6. Xin Jin

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This manuscript is of interest to neuroscientists conducting reward learning and basal ganglia research. It combines optogenetics and dopamine recordings to demonstrate that dopamine release in the dorsal striatum is smaller following self-stimulation than unpredicted stimulation of dopamine neurons. These results build on similar findings recently shown for the ventral striatum. Further development of the underlying mechanism or the behavioral significance would broaden the scope of the paper.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Chronic neurotransmission increases the susceptibility of lateral-line hair cells to ototoxic insults

1. Daria Lukasz
2. Alisha Beirl
3. Katie Kindt

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  Hair cell activity has been postulated to underlie their vulnerability to environmental insult including toxin exposure. Previous work has been confounded by the fact that reducing mechanotransduction also reduces entry of toxic chemicals. Here Lukasz and colleagues test these ideas by examining the vulnerability of zebrafish mutants with impaired synaptic activity, thought to be a major driver of neuronal metabolic load.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Evolutionary convergence of a neural mechanism in the cavefish lateral line system

1. Elias T Lunsford
2. Alexandra Paz
3. Alex C Keene
4. James C Liao

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This important and exciting paper demonstrates that the blind cavefish, known for its lack of eyes and increased number of lateral line hair cells, also exhibit physiological adaptations to increase lateral line sensitivity. The authors demonstrate that these adaptations have convergently evolved in multiple populations that have independently colonized cave environments. By leveraging the numerous strengths of the cavefish model, the authors are able to show precisely how neural circuits can be affected by adaptation to the environment.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1, Reviewer #2 and Reviewer #3 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Macroscopic Quantities of Collective Brain Activity during Wakefulness and Anesthesia

1. Adrián Ponce-Alvarez
2. Lynn Uhrig
3. Nikolas Deco
4. Camilo M Signorelli
5. Morten L Kringelbach
6. Béchir Jarraya
7. Gustavo Deco

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  The premise behind this manuscripts is that concepts from thermodynamics and statistical mechanics can be used to understand brain states and the transitions between such states, just like it is done with transitions between solid and liquid states in well define thermodynamic systems. While this is an interesting attempt to use thermodynamic concepts and equations to analyze fMRI signals, the legwork needed to meaningfully translate those concepts to understand their actual physiological meaning and their relationship to brain function has not yet been achieved.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Episodic memory in aspects of brain information transfer by resting-state network topology

1. Tianyi Yan
2. Gongshu Wang
3. Li Wang
4. Tiantian Liu
5. Ting Li
6. Luyao Wang
7. Duanduan Chen
8. Shintaro Funahashi
9. Jinglong Wu
10. Bin Wang
11. Dingjie Suo

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  The paper describes a re-analysis of a public fMRI data set which includes measures of resting state connectivity and separate task-based scans of memory encoding and memory retrieval tasks. The paper proposes an analysis method termed "information transfer" that reveals functional interactions between various brain networks during encoding and retrieval as well as differences in these interactions during encoding vs. retrieval. While the methods are potentially interesting, the payoff-or new insight afforded by these methods compared to existing methods-is not fully established.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.”)

Reviewed by eLife

Prefrontal PV interneurons facilitate attention and are linked to attentional dysfunction in a mouse model of absence epilepsy

1. Brielle Ferguson
2. Cameron Glick
3. John R Huguenard

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  The manuscript by Ferguson and Huguenard examined the mechanism underlying attentional deficits in the haploinsufficient Scn8a mouse model of absence epilepsy. Using a detection behavior paradigm where detection of the cue was dependent on the attention level, they show that Scn8a+/- mice perform worse than controls when cues are of intermediate duration. In the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), high gamma-band power, which is presumed to be mediated by activity in parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneurons, was reduced in Scn8a+/- mice, but optogenetic stimulation of these neurons at low gamma-frequency normalized performance on the cue-based attention task. The results of this study identify mPFC PV dysfunction, rather than seizure activity, as a potentially important cellular substrate, for attention during cue-presentation.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Cellular mechanisms underlying central sensitization in a mouse model of chronic muscle pain

1. Yu-Ling Lin
2. Zhu-Sen Yang
3. Wai-Yi Wong
4. Shih-Che Lin
5. Shuu-Jiun Wang
6. Shih-Pin Chen
7. Jen-Kun Cheng
8. Hui Lu
9. Cheng-Chang Lien

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This manuscript explores the role of the central amygdala (CeA) on the mechanisms underlying chronic pain. An acid-induced muscle pain (AIMP) mouse model was used. The authors report a key pro-nociception role of CeA Somatostatin (SST) expressing neurons. The central sensitization of CeA-SST neurons was blocked by pregabalin. This work also further highlights the opposing view of the roles of CeA-SST neurons compared to CeA-PKCd neurons in modulating pain-related behaviors. This work will likely have a significant impact in the field and reconciles different previous results.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife