Neuroscience

A dopamine-gated learning circuit underpins reproductive state-dependent odor preference in Drosophila females

1. Ariane C Boehm
2. Anja B Friedrich
3. Sydney Hunt
4. Paul Bandow
5. KP Siju
6. Jean Francois De Backer
7. Julia Claussen
8. Marie Helen Link
9. Thomas F Hofmann
10. Corinna Dawid
11. Ilona C Grunwald Kadow

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  In this manuscript, the authors explore the circuit mechanism underlying mating-induced change of odor preference in Drosophila. Olfactory cues during mating induce a long-lasting increase in attraction to polyamines in female flies. The authors use a combination of neurogenetics, imaging, and behaviour to identify elements of the mushroom body and lateral horn circuitry involved in this behaviour. The importance of mushroom body plasticity in female postmating changes highlights a novel pathway for these changes and reveals the variety of mechanisms by which the brain can encode experience and adapt behavior. This paper will be of interest to scientists within the field of reproductive behaviors and neuroscience of internal states.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Representational integration and differentiation in the human hippocampus following goal-directed navigation

1. Corey Fernandez
2. Jiefeng Jiang
3. Shao-Fang Wang
4. Hannah Lee Choi
5. Anthony D Wagner

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This is a carefully designed and analysed fMRI study investigating how neural representations in the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and ventromedial prefrontal cortex change as a function of local and global spatial learning. It will be of much interest to researchers studying the differentiation and integration of memories and the formation of cognitive maps. The results provide new insight into how local and global knowledge about our environment is represented, but some of the conclusions and interpretations could be strengthened with additional analyses.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 and Reviewer #3 agreed to share their names with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Neural signatures of auditory hypersensitivity following acoustic trauma

1. Matthew McGill
2. Ariel E Hight
3. Yurika L Watanabe
4. Aravindakshan Parthasarathy
5. Dongqin Cai
6. Kameron Clayton
7. Kenneth E Hancock
8. Anne Takesian
9. Sharon G Kujawa
10. Daniel B Polley

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This study uses a mouse model of hyperacusis to further explore the hypothesis that this condition may be mediated by cortical hyperactivity. The authors here provide interesting optogenetic and calcium imaging experiments that reinforce this hypothesis and refine our understanding of the related plastic changes that are involved.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1, Reviewer #2 and Reviewer #3 agreed to share their names with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Experience-driven rate modulation is reinstated during hippocampal replay

1. Margot Tirole
2. Marta Huelin Gorriz
3. Masahiro Takigawa
4. Lilia Kukovska
5. Daniel Bendor

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  We all have had days where there were multiple distinct memorable experiences that we successfully remember as distinct. This paper for the first time focuses on the important question of whether the resting/sleeping hippocampus maintains a clear distinction between replays of different environments and finds that in fact, replays of different tracks are distinct in the sense that both the right sets of neurons are coactive AND their firing rates in replay reflect their firing rates during experiences.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Stability of motor representations after paralysis

1. Charles Guan
2. Tyson Aflalo
3. Carey Y Zhang
4. Elena Amoruso
5. Emily R Rosario
6. Nader Pouratian
7. Richard A Andersen

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  Using data from a tetraplegic individual, the authors show that the neural representations for attempted single finger movements after multiple years after the injury is still organized in a way that is typical for healthy participants. They also show that the representational structure does not change during task training on a simple finger classification task, and that the representational structure - even without active motor outflow or sensory inflow - switches from a motor representation to a sensory representation during the trial. The results have important implications for the use and training of BCI devices in humans.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

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Neuron-derived Thioredoxin-80: a novel regulator of type-I interferon response in microglia

1. Julen Goikolea
2. Jean-Pierre Roussarie
3. Gorka Gerenu
4. Raul Loera-Valencia
5. Maria Latorre-Leal
6. Angel Cedazo-Minguez
7. Patricia Rodriguez-Rodriguez
8. Silvia Maioli

Reviewed by Review Commons

Necroptosis inhibition counteracts neurodegeneration, memory decline, and key hallmarks of aging, promoting brain rejuvenation

1. Macarena S. Arrázola
2. Matías Lira
3. Felipe Véliz‐Valverde
4. Gabriel Quiroz
5. Somya Iqbal
6. Samantha L. Eaton
7. Douglas J. Lamont
8. Hernán Huerta
9. Gonzalo Ureta
10. Sebastián Bernales
11. J. César Cárdenas
12. Waldo Cerpa
13. Thomas M. Wishart
14. Felipe A. Court

Reviewed by Review Commons

Disruption in structural–functional network repertoire and time-resolved subcortical fronto-temporoparietal connectivity in disorders of consciousness

1. Rajanikant Panda
2. Aurore Thibaut
3. Ane Lopez-Gonzalez
4. Anira Escrichs
5. Mohamed Ali Bahri
6. Arjan Hillebrand
7. Gustavo Deco
8. Steven Laureys
9. Olivia Gosseries
10. Jitka Annen
11. Prejaas Tewarie

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary

  This study aims to characterise the brain dynamics of different disorders of consciousness by studying patients in a minimally conscious state and those with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome, along with healthy controls. The authors apply elegant analyses to the dynamics of brain functional connectivity to successfully discriminate between healthy controls and patients, revealing reduced metastability and a contracted network repertoire in disorders of consciousness. Overall, the study provides important new information on the mechanisms of disorders of consciousness and the functional brain networks involved.

  This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.

Reviewed by eLife

Cortical layer‐specific modulation of neuronal activity after sensory deprivation due to spinal cord injury

1. Marta Zaforas
2. Juliana M. Rosa
3. Elena Alonso‐Calviño
4. Elena Fernández‐López
5. Claudia Miguel‐Quesada
6. Antonio Oliviero
7. Juan Aguilar

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  Zaforas et al. conducted a high-quality study on a very complex topic, using advanced layer-specific neuronal recording techniques. Their findings might be especially interesting for pre-clinical and clinical researchers as well as clinicians in the field of SCI-related sensory pathologies such as neuropathic pain. However, methodological limitations prevent clear mechanistic insight into the underlying causes of their effects.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #3 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Awareness-Dependent Normalization Framework of Visual Bottom-up Attention

1. Shiyu Wang
2. Ling Huang
3. Qinglin Chen
4. Jingyi Wang
5. Siting Xu
6. Xilin Zhang

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  The study claims to demonstrate an interplay between awareness and bottom-up attention and explains their joint effects within an established normalization framework. How awareness fits into current computational theory is an important and timely undertaking that has a far-reaching impact on our understanding of visual and cognitive function. Although the study uses control experiments and analyses to reinforce their claims, shortcomings in their experimental approach require further clarification and data to adequately support the study's conclusions.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife