Neuroscience

Using synchronized brain rhythms to bias memory-guided decisions

1. John J Stout
2. Allison E George
3. Suhyeong Kim
4. Henry L Hallock
5. Amy L Griffin

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study enhances our understanding of the relationship between cortico-hippocampal interactions and behavioral performance. Using an inter-areal coherence metric to gate trial initiation in real time, the authors provide solid evidence that links high hippocampal-prefrontal theta coherence to correct performance on spatial working memory and cue-guided decision-making tasks. Although reviewers agreed that the results do not demonstrate causality between hippocampal-prefrontal synchrony and behavioral performance, the findings are viewed as important given their potential implications for brain-machine interface applications in humans.

Reviewed by eLife

Stimulation of VTA dopamine inputs to LH upregulates orexin neuronal activity in a DRD2-dependent manner

1. Masaya Harada
2. Laia Serratosa Capdevila
3. Maria Wilhelm
4. Denis Burdakov
5. Tommaso Patriarchi

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study presents valuable findings that expand our view of dopamine release in different brain regions and show that dopamine release in the lateral hypothalamus is related to the activity of orexin neurons. The evidence supporting the claims of the authors is solid, although inclusion of tests that directly assess causality of the noble pathways would have been even more conclusive. The work will be of interest of neuroscientists who study the neural basis of motivation.

Reviewed by eLife

Social touch shapes communication and animal recognition in naked mole-rats

1. Ryan Schwark
2. Simon Ogundare
3. Preston Sheng
4. William Foster
5. Phalaen Chang
6. Yu-Young Tsai
7. Amanda Arnold
8. Ishmail Abdus-Saboor

Reviewed by Arcadia Science

Causal role of the frontal eye field in attention-induced ocular dominance plasticity

1. Fangxing Song
2. Xue Dong
3. Jiaxu Zhao
4. Jue Wang
5. Xiaohui Sang
6. Xin He
7. Min Bao

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This important study combines psychophysics, fMRI, and TMS to reveal a causal role of FEF in generating an attention-induced ocular dominance shift, with potential relevance for clinical applications. The evidence supporting the claims of the authors is convincing. The work will be of broad interest to perceptual and cognitive neuroscience.

Reviewed by eLife

A Massively Parallel CRISPR-Based Screening Platform for Modifiers of Neuronal Activity

1. Steven C. Boggess
2. Vaidehi Gandhi
3. Ming-Chi Tsai
4. Emily Marzette
5. Noam Teyssier
6. Joanna Yu-Ying Chou
7. Xiaoyu Hu
8. Amber Cramer
9. Lin Yadanar
10. Kunal Shroff
11. Claire G Jeong
12. Celine Eidenschenk
13. Jesse E. Hanson
14. Ruilin Tian
15. Martin Kampmann

Reviewed by Arcadia Science

Antipsychotic drugs selectively decorrelate long-range interactions in deep cortical layers

1. Matthias Heindorf
2. Georg B Keller

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This important study uses calcium imaging in mice to advance our understanding of the effect of antipsychotic drugs on neural functioning. The evidence supporting the conclusions is convincing, and this work will be of interest to neuroscientists working on visual processing and psychosis researchers.

Reviewed by eLife

Therapeutic doses of ketamine acutely attenuate the aversive effect of losses during decision-making

1. Mariann Oemisch
2. Hyojung Seo

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  The authors use reinforcement learning modeling to study the alterations following acute ketamine in macaques. The evidence supporting the conclusion that ketamine reduces the impact of losses vs. neutral/gains is solid. In this version of this valuable study, the authors make more measured interpretations about the relationship between the processing of losses and ketamine's antidepressant effects.

Reviewed by eLife

Unraveling the link between neuropathy target esterase NTE/SWS, lysosomal storage diseases, inflammation, abnormal fatty acid metabolism, and leaky brain barrier

1. Mariana I Tsap
2. Andriy S Yatsenko
3. Jan Hegermann
4. Bibiana Beckmann
5. Dimitrios Tsikas
6. Halyna R Shcherbata

Reviewed by Review Commons

FMRP regulates postnatal neuronal migration via MAP1B

1. Salima Messaoudi
2. Ada Allam
3. Julie Stoufflet
4. Theo Paillard
5. Anaïs Le Ven
6. Coralie Fouquet
7. Mohamed Doulazmi
8. Alain Trembleau
9. Isabelle Caille

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study addresses the role of FMRP in the migration of newborn neuroblasts in the postnatal brain. Through extensive and convincing analysis of living imaging videos, the authors showed that neurons with FMRP deletion migrate aberrantly and exhibit defects in nucleokinesis and centrokinesis. The study presents a valuable finding on the mechanism of neuroblast migration in the postnatal brain.

Reviewed by eLife

Transcriptomic atlas of midbrain dopamine neurons uncovers differential vulnerability in a Parkinsonism lesion model

1. Behzad Yaghmaeian Salmani
2. Laura Lahti
3. Linda Gillberg
4. Jesper Kjaer Jacobsen
5. Ioannis Mantas
6. Per Svenningsson
7. Thomas Perlmann

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This important study investigated transcriptional profiles of midbrain dopamine neurons using single nucleus RNA (snRNA) sequencing. The authors found more nuanced subgroups of dopamine neurons than previous studies, and identified some genes that are preferentially expressed in subpopulations that are more vulnerable to neurochemical lesions using 6-hydroxydopamine (6OHDA). The results are convincing and provide critical information on the heterogeneity and vulnerability of dopamine neurons which will be a foundation for future studies.

Reviewed by eLife