Neuroscience

A synergistic workspace for human consciousness revealed by Integrated Information Decomposition

1. Andrea I Luppi
2. Pedro AM Mediano
3. Fernando E Rosas
4. Judith Allanson
5. John Pickard
6. Robin L Carhart-Harris
7. Guy B Williams
8. Michael M Craig
9. Paola Finoia
10. Adrian M Owen
11. Lorina Naci
12. David K Menon
13. Daniel Bor
14. Emmanuel A Stamatakis

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This article presents important results describing how the gathering, integration, and broadcasting of information in the brain changes when consciousness is lost either through anesthesia or injury. They provide convincing evidence to support their conclusions, although the paper relies on a single analysis tool (partial information decomposition) and could benefit from a clearer explication of its conceptual basis, methodology, and results. The work will be of interest to both neuroscientists and clinicians interested in basic and clinical aspects of consciousness.

Reviewed by eLife

Hippocampus and striatum show distinct contributions to longitudinal changes in value-based learning in middle childhood

1. Johannes Falck
2. Lei Zhang
3. Laurel Raffington
4. Johannes Julius Mohn
5. Jochen Triesch
6. Christine Heim
7. Yee Lee Shing

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  In this work, the authors make a valuable contribution based on convincing evidence that children 6-to-7-years-old improve in 2 years of development towards utilising more optimal value-based decision-making strategies while performing a reinforcement learning task. They found that delayed feedback learning was associated with volume in the hippocampus while immediate feedback learning was not. Striatal volume was associated with both forms of learning, in contrast to prior research funding in adults. Brain-behaviour correlations were stable across the 2-year period, despite the hippocampus increasing in volume and striatal volume remaining stable.

Reviewed by eLife

Non-Hebbian plasticity transforms transient experiences into lasting memories

1. Islam Faress
2. Valentina Khalil
3. Wen-Hsien Hou
4. Andrea Moreno
5. Niels Andersen
6. Rosalina Fonseca
7. Joaquin Piriz
8. Marco Capogna
9. Sadegh Nabavi

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study presents important novel findings on how heterosynaptic plasticity can transform a weak associative memory into a stronger one, or produce a memory when stimuli were not paired. This work expands our views on the role of temporal- and input-specific plasticity in shaping learning and memory processes. The evidence, based on state-of-the-art in vivo manipulations, activity recordings, and behavioral analysis, is convincing. Findings will be of broad interest to neuroscience community, and especially those studying synaptic plasticity and associative memory.

Reviewed by eLife

Axon arrival times and physical occupancy establish visual projection neuron integration on developing dendrites in the Drosophila optic glomeruli

1. Brennan W. McFarland
2. HyoJong Jang
3. Natalie Smolin
4. Bryce W. Hina
5. Michael J. Parisi
6. Kristen C. Davis
7. Timothy J. Mosca
8. Tanja A. Godenschwege
9. Aljoscha Nern
10. Yerbol Z. Kurmangaliyev
11. Catherine R. von Reyn

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study establishes a two distinct feature-encoding visual projection neurons in Drosophila as a model for the development of synaptic specificity. The comprehensive description of connectivity development in this system is valuable to a more general understanding of principles that underlie neural circuit development. The high-quality supporting evidence is convincing.

Reviewed by eLife

Fetal brain response to maternal inflammation requires microglia

1. Bridget Elaine LaMonica Ostrem
2. Nuria Domínguez-Iturza
3. Jeffrey A. Stogsdill
4. Tyler Faits
5. Kwanho Kim
6. Joshua Z. Levin
7. Paola Arlotta

Reviewed by preLights

Neural representations of predicted events: Evidence from time-resolved EEG decoding

1. Ai-Su Li
2. Jan Theeuwes
3. Dirk van Moorselaar

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This valuable study investigates how a predicted - but not presented - stimulus within a sequence is represented in the brain using time-resolved EEG decoding. The results demonstrate that when the predicted stimulus is omitted, it is still represented at the expected space and time, although at present they provide only incomplete support given some alternative explanations. The findings will have implications for researchers across domains who are interested in learning and perception.

Reviewed by eLife

Does early-stage Alzheimer’s disease affect the dynamics of motor adaptation?

1. K Sutter
2. Wijdenes L Oostwoud
3. RJ van Beers
4. JAHR Claassen
5. RPC Kessels
6. WP Medendorp

Reviewed by PREreview

Cell-autonomous role of leucine-rich repeat kinase in the protection of dopaminergic neuron survival

1. Jongkyun Kang
2. Guodong Huang
3. Long Ma
4. Youren Tong
5. Anu Shahapal
6. Phoenix Chen
7. Jie Shen

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This current revision builds on observations in validated conditional double KO (cDKO) mice for LRRK1 and LRRK2 that will be useful for the field, given that LRRK2 is widely expressed in the brain and periphery, and many divergent phenotypes have been attributed previously to LRRK2 expression. The manuscript presents solid data demonstrating that it is the loss of LRRK1 and LRRK2 expression within the SNpc DA cells that is not well tolerated, as it was previously unclear from past work whether neurodegeneration in the LRRK double Knock Out (DKO) was cell autonomous or the result of loss of LRRK1/LRRK2 expression in other types of cells. Future studies may pursue the biochemical mechanisms underlying the reason for the apoptotic cells noted in this study, as here, the LRRK1/LRRK2 KO mice did not replicate the dramatic increase in autophagic vacuole numbers previously noted in the germline global LRRK1/LRRK2 KO mice.

Reviewed by eLife

Cell non-autonomous signaling through the conserved C. elegans glycopeptide hormone receptor FSHR-1 regulates cholinergic neurotransmission

1. Morgan Buckley
2. William P. Jacob
3. Letitia Bortey
4. Makenzi McClain
5. Alyssa L. Ritter
6. Amy Godfrey
7. Allyson S. Munneke
8. Shankar Ramachandran
9. Signe Kenis
10. Julie C. Kolnik
11. Sarah Olofsson
12. Ryan Adkins
13. Tanner Kutoloski
14. Lillian Rademacher
15. Olivia Heinecke
16. Alexandra Alva
17. Isabel Beets
18. Michael M. Francis
19. Jennifer R. Kowalski

Reviewed by Review Commons

The Switchmaze: an open-design device for measuring motivation and drive switching in mice

1. Clara Hartmann
2. Ambika Mahajan
3. Vinicius Borges
4. Lotte Razenberg
5. Yves Thönnes
6. Mahesh Miikael Karnani

Reviewed by Peer Community in Neuroscience