Endocrinology (including Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Disease)

eLife Assessment

This study presents valuable findings on the increased prevalence of pain in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and its relationship to health outcomes. The evidence supporting the conclusions is compelling with a large number of patients and sound methodology, and can be used as a starting point for studies of etiology and mechanisms of pain in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and comorbidities. The work will be of interest to medical biologists working on polycystic ovary syndrome pathophysiology and clinicians.

eLife Assessment

This valuable study leverages innovative high-dimensional imaging strategies to interrogate pancreatic immune cell profiles and distributions throughout stages of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Despite a notable limitation in the number of donor samples analyzed, the authors identify a series of intriguing "immune signatures" and histopathological features that collectively constitute a solid foundation for future investigations into immunological processes underpinning the pathogenesis of T1D. Accordingly, the work will be of considerable interest to the community of T1D researchers and clinicians.

eLife Assessment

This valuable retrospective analysis identified three independent components of glucose dynamics - "value," "variability," and "autocorrelation" - which may be used in predicting coronary plaque vulnerability. The study is solid and of interest to a wide range of investigators in the medical field who are interested in the role of glycemia on cardiometabolic health. However, the generalizability of the results needs further confirmation through experimental and prospective validation.

eLife Assessment

This valuable study investigates the role of Complement 3a Receptor 1 (C3aR) in the pathogenesis of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) using mouse models with specific target deletions in various cell types. While the general relevance of C3aR in inflammatory contexts has been established before, the authors provide solid evidence here that C3aR does not contribute significantly to MASLD pathogenesis in their models. The work will be of interest to colleagues studying diseases of the liver and the intersection with inflammation.

eLife Assessment

This important study presents genome-wide high-resolution chromatin-based 3D genomic interaction maps for over 50 diverse human cell types and integrates these data with pediatric obesity GWAS. The work provides convincing evidence that multiple pancreatic islet cell types are key effector cell types. The authors also perform variant-to-gene mapping to nominate genes underlying several GWAS hits. Overall, the results will be of interest to both the fields of 3D genome architecture and pediatric obesity.

eLife assessment

This study provides valuable information about the microbiome and metabolome, and their correlation with acute myocardial infarction. However, the relationship established between these variables is limited to a correlation, and therefore the strength of the evidence is incomplete.

eLife assessment

This important study combines prospective cohort, metabolomics and machine learning to identify a panel of nine circulating metabolites that improved the ability in risk prediction of progression from prediabetes to diabetes. The findings are convincing, and using current state-of-the-art methods the data and analyses support the claims. This paper provides insights into the integration of these metabolites into clinical and public health practice.

eLife assessment

This useful manuscript describes a proteomic analysis of plasma from subjects before and after an exercise regime consisting of endurance and resistance exercise. The work identifies a putative new exerkine, CD300LG, and finds associations of this protein with aspects of insulin sensitivity and angiogenesis. The characterization remains incomplete at present. Because CD300LG may have a transmembrane domain, one possibility is that exercise causes the release of extracellular vesicles containing this protein. As this study reports associations, additional studies will be needed to establish causality. The paper will hopefully prompt further studies to more fully elucidate the underlying biology.

eLife assessment

This valuable study advances our understanding of why diabetes is a risk factor for more severe Covid-19 disease. The authors offer convincing evidence that cathepsin L is more active in diabetic individuals because of the presence of high glucose, where the main mechanism is increased cathepsin L maturation. This study should be of interest to researchers in diabetes, virology and immunology.

eLife assessment

This valuable study presents findings that suggest the need for postoperative type 2 diabetes screening and that this should be prioritized in colorectal cancer survivors with overweight/obesity regardless of the type of colorectal cancer treatment applied. The evidence supporting the claims of the authors is solid and the authors use a population-based cohort study including all Danish colorectal patients who had undergone colorectal cancer surgery between 2001-2018. The work will be of interest to medical biologists, endocrinologists and oncologists working on colorectal cancer.