India’s Higher Education and its impact on World- A Review

India's higher education system plays a critical role as it shapes the nation's political, economic, social, and technological development by producing skilled and knowledgeable human capital. India has established some of of her earliest universities in 1857. Since then the education system, primarily the higher education system has expanded significantly, making India one of the world’s largest hubs. Despite this growth, challenges such as rote-based learning, lack of original research, and limited academic rigor persist—reflecting systemic and societal issues. Further with advent of AI, ethical usage has become more of challenge than a norm.This paper reviews the overall structure and financing of India’s higher education, its impact on economic and social development, the vital role of women, and the challenges of access, quality, and faculty shortages. It also explores strategies for long-term sustainability and international competitiveness, emphasizing the need for reforms that promote equity, innovation, and global integration