Prevalence and Determinants of Upper Extremity Repetitive Strain Injuries (RSI) Among Handloom Weavers in Tangail District, Bangladesh

Background: Handloom weaving is a critical source of rural employment in Bangladesh but entails high ergonomic risk, predisposing workers to upper extremity repetitive strain injuries (RSIs). Evidence on prevalence and determinants of RSIs in Bangladeshi handloom workers is limited. Objective: To determine the prevalence, anatomical distribution, and predictors of upper extremity RSIs among handloom weavers in Tangail district. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 303 male handloom workers in Pathrail Union, Delduar Upazila. Data were collected via structured interviews and the Standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Socio-demographic, occupational, and ergonomic factors were assessed. Logistic regression identified independent predictors of RSIs. Results: The prevalence of RSIs was highest in the neck (60.7%), shoulders (56.8%), and wrists (55.8%). Repetitive movements ≥4 hours/day, awkward posture, prolonged working hours, low income, and limited education were independently associated with RSIs. Prevalence increased with years of experience: 58.7% (<10 years), 72.2% (10–20 years), and 85.9% (>20 years). Severe cases often required job modification and had multi-site involvement. Conclusion: Upper extremity RSIs are highly prevalent among Bangladeshi handloom workers, reflecting a combination of ergonomic strain and socio-economic vulnerability. Interventions targeting workplace ergonomics, work hours, and socio-economic support are essential to safeguard worker health and sustain the handloom sector.