The Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Injuries in Karate in South Africa: An Exploratory Study

This study describes the incidence, prevalence, severity, body region of injuries, and treatment preferences in South African karate practitioners. A cross-sectional survey was distributed to an estimated 200 karateka across various dojos and styles. The anonymous questionnaire included the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, with additional questions on BMI, training quality, karate style, and injury location. The response rate was 73% (n=146). Shotokan was the most practised style (57%, n=83). Most participants were 1st dan (26%, n=38), trained for 10-14 years (29%, n=42), twice weekly (36%, n=53), for 1 hour per session (63%, n=92). Acute injuries were most common (60%, n=112), occurring during training (64%, n=128), with 86% (n=126) sustaining 1-9 injuries. The right knee was most frequently injured (9%, n=52), often from kicks (33%, n=88). Physiotherapists were the preferred treatment (27%, n=67), with minimal performance impact (42%). Injury prevalence is high among South African karateka, particularly in Shotokan, affecting the right knee, lower limbs, and face. However, most injuries are minor, supporting karate’s safety as a semi-contact sport. Protective measures for high-risk areas could further reduce injury rates.