Exploring the Hemostatic and Hematological Impact of Butea monosperma Bark Ethanolic Extract in a Rodent Model

Objective With the global wound care market valued at approximately $20 billion in 2023, is projected to reach $30 billion by 2030, due to the increasing incidences of chronic wounds, ulcers, diabetic ulcers, and the rising volume of surgical procedures worldwide. While synthetic hemostatic agents are widely used, they suffer from limitations such as high costs, cytotoxicity, poor biocompatibility, and environmental concerns, thus there is a rising demand for cost-effective, natural alternatives. So, as an alternative, plant with rich source of tannins and antimicrobial properties may be the best reason to choose Butea monosperma (BM) to scientifically validate the hemostatic and wound healing effects benefits. The study employs basic preliminary in vivo bleeding models to evaluate the efficacy of Butea monosperma bark extracts as natural hemostatic agents. Materials and Methods To study the haemostatic activity of ethanolic bark extract of Butea monosperma different doses at a concentration of 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg were given orally for 10 days in the albino wistar rats. Hemostatic activity is determined by (i) clotting and bleeding time, (ii) bleeding amount, (iii) bleeding amount, and haematological parameters like RBC, Hb count, and ESR. Results From the data it was observed that ethanolic extract of BM, there was a decrease in both the clotting and bleeding time though there was no significant difference seen in the other haematological parameters (RBC, Hb, and ESR) compared to the control group. The decrease in clotting time indicates the qualitative test for measurement of factors involved in the intrinsic pathway of blood clotting whereas a decrease in the bleeding time was assumed to be an increase in the platelet count.