Understanding Public Attitudes towards Solar Energy Use in Bihar: An Empirical Investigation

The transition to solar energy is essential for reducing dependency on fossil fuels, promoting environmental sustainability, and achieving long-term energy security. This purpose of this study is to investigate the public attitudes towards solar energy in Bihar, identify the key determinants that affects public attitudes. The study were collected primary data across multiple districts, representing a diverse cross-section of the state’s population. A conceptual framework was developed to reveal the interrelationships among constructs such as perceived social influence, public awareness, knowledge level, affordability, government incentives, and accessibility. SPSS and structural equation modelling using SmartPLS were employed to analyze the data and validate the proposed hypotheses. Findings indicate that public awareness, government initiatives, and affordability significantly influence the public’s attitudes to adopt solar energy. Higher educated younger generation showed greater acceptance, highlighting the need for targeted awareness and inclusive policy frameworks. The study provides evidence-based recommendations for policymakers to design effective outreach and incentive programs, facilitating broader community engagement and accelerating Bihar’s shift toward a more sustainable energy future.